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【题目】Martha Graham received many awards during her lifetime. Time magazine her as the “Dancer of the Century” in 1998. The Martha Graham Dance Company still performs her dances.

After fourteen, Martha’s family moved to California. Along the way, Martha enjoyed the wide, open spaces of . So the free, expressive movements of modern dance were influenced by the beauty of nature.

Earlier in her life, however, Martha did not know she would become a . Her family was very religious. The upper class did not accept dance as an art form.

, in 1910, Martha’s father took her to see a dance performance, which then her.

Martha’s parents, however, did not her sudden desire to dance. Martha just followed her of dancing. She attended the dance school, working hard as to improve her ability to dance. She her body to become strong enough to meet the difficult demands of dance. In order to herself freely, she decided to set up her own dance and school, called the Martha Graham Center of Contemporary Dance.

Martha enjoyed having her students to perform her dances. She a dance called “Heretic” in 1929. She wore all white and danced a wall of dancers wearing all black. In 1936, her dance “Chronicle” expressed sadness and loneliness. Showing strong in dance then was very rare. At first, people did not well to her style of dancing with strong and sharp movements, and very different from European ballet. Some of the movements contracting(收缩) and releasing parts of the body.

In 1938, President Roosevelt’s wife invited Martha to at the White House. A dance “American Document” was created. She later danced there for seven other presidents.

1A. hired B. listed C. appointed D. fostered

2A. turning B. growing C. getting D. becoming

3A. imagination B. interest C. hope D. nature

4A. clearly B. naturally C. consequently D. hardly

5A. teacher B. manager C. dancer D. writer

6A. Instead B. Still C. Therefore D. Otherwise

7A. disappointed B. astonished C. motivated D. sacrificed

8A. approve of B. attach to C. fight against D. give in

9A. advice B. dream C. manner D. style

10A. less B. very C. too D. so

11A. forced B. tested C. bent D. trained

12A. fancy B. enjoy C. express D. refresh

13A. company B. gym C. stage D. hall

14A. discovered B. produced C. polished D. filmed

15A. for B. over C. against D. beyond

16A. muscles B. energy C. desire D. emotions

17A. refer B. turn C. react D. contribute

18A. powerful B. different C. classical D. significant

19A. quitted B. balanced C. involved D. deserved

20A. work B. perform C. speak D. live

答案

小题1】B

小题2】A

小题3】D

小题4】A

小题5】C

小题6】B

小题7】C

小题8】A

小题9】B

小题10】D

小题11】D

小题12】C

小题13】A

小题14】B

小题15】C

小题16】D

小题17】C

小题18】A

小题19】C

小题20】B

解析

试题分析:本文介绍了美国现代舞蹈之母玛莎·葛莱姆。在她的一生中她独特的美国视角和创作才华为她赢得了无数的荣誉。她被公认为20世纪创新型艺术家,与毕加索(Picasso),斯特拉文斯基(Stravinsky),詹姆斯.乔伊斯(James Joyce),和弗兰克.劳埃德.赖特(Frank Lloyd Wright)齐名。1998年《时代周刊》将葛莱姆誉为“世纪舞者”,而《人物》称她为“本世纪女性楷模”。

小题1考查动词和语境理解。A. hired雇佣B. listed 列出 C. appointed任命D. fostered培养;抚育。 玛莎·葛莱姆在1998年被美国《时代周刊》杂志评选为世纪舞蹈家。尊称为20世纪最重要的舞者之一。玛莎葛兰姆舞团现在还表演着她的舞蹈。选B。

小题2考查动词和语境理解。 A. turning转身;年满多少岁 B. growing成长C. getting 变得 D. becoming 成为。在玛莎14岁时,她随家人搬到美国加利福尼亚州的圣巴巴拉。本题易选错为become成为,虽然汉语角度能翻译通,但是become不加年龄,选A。

小题3考查名词和语境理解。A. imagination想象力B. interest兴趣C. hope 希望D. nature自然。沿途在穿越美国中西部地区的时候,玛莎非常喜欢那里视野开阔的自然景观选D。

小题4考查副词和语境理解。A. clearly清晰地B. naturally 自然地C. consequently 结果D. hardly几乎不。 她将对于美丽的大自然的细心观察,融入了自由的、富有表现力的现代舞蹈中。现代舞蹈中很多动作很明显地受到自然美的影响。本题易选为结果但是根据语境不是结果受到影响,而是现代舞蹈中很多动作很明显地受到自然美的影响。选A。

小题5考查名词和语境理解。 A. teacher 老师B. manager经理C. dancer 舞者D. writer作家。 然而,在玛莎早年的生活中,她没想到自己会成为一名舞蹈演员。因为她们家庭是宗教家庭,非常虔诚。上层社会不接受舞蹈作为一种艺术形式。选C。

小题6考查副词和语境理解。A. Instead 相反B. Still 仍然 C. Therefore 因此D. Otherwise否则。尽管如此,1910年,玛莎的父亲仍然带她去看美国第一个现代舞表演。选B。

小题7考查形容词和语境理解。A. disappointed失望的B. astonished 吃惊的C. motivated有积极性的 D. sacrificed献身的。 当时的表演激励了她,她决心成为一名舞蹈演员。选C。

小题8考查动词短语和语境理解。 A. approve of同意B. attach to认为重要C. fight against对抗 D. give in屈服。然而起初,玛莎的父母并不赞同她突然决定去跳舞的想法。本题易选为屈服但这里不是父母没有向玛莎屈服,而是不同意她的想法。选A。

小题9考查名词和语境理解。A. advice建议 B. dream 梦想C. manner方法D. style风格。玛莎仍然追随着自己的舞蹈梦想。选B。

小题10考查副词和语境理解。A. less 更少的B. very 非常C. too D. so因此;如此。她进入舞蹈学校正式学习舞蹈,她如此刻苦地练习舞蹈为了提高自己的舞蹈技能。选D。

小题11考查动词和语境理解。 A. forced强迫B. tested测试C. bent弯身D. trained训练。她通过刻苦训练使自己身体变得足够强大,以适应舞蹈的形体要求。选D。

小题12考查动词和语境理解。. A. fancy想要B. enjoy 喜欢C. express表达D. refresh使焕然一新。为了自由的表现自己,实现自己在舞蹈上的梦想,她决定成立自己的舞蹈公司和舞蹈学校。选C。

小题13考查名词和语境理解。 A. company公司B. community 社区C. stage舞台D. theatre剧院。 玛莎葛兰姆决定成立自己的舞蹈公司和学校。称为玛莎葛兰姆当代舞团。本题易选错为剧院,但是这个词范围太大。不符合语境。选A。

小题14考查动词和语境理解。A. discovered发现B. produced 产生C. polished润色;磨光 D. filmed拍电影。玛莎喜欢学生们展现她自己的公司所创作的舞蹈。她在1929年编排了舞蹈作品《异教徒》。选B。

小题15考查介词和语境理解。A. for 为了B. over超过C. against反对;倚靠D. beyond超出。在《异教徒》舞蹈中,玛莎身穿白衣舞裙,而背对着身穿黑衣的舞者们围成的人墙表演。选C。

小题16考查名词和语境理解。 A. skill技能B. energy能量C. desire渴望D. emotions情感。在1936年,她的作品《编年史》表现了悲伤和孤独,在舞蹈中展现了舞者内心强烈的情感,描述了玛莎对世界的恐怖。本题易选为技能,表现了舞者的舞蹈技巧。单句翻译没有错误,但是不符合上下语境。选D。

小题17考查动词和语境理解。 A. refer指的是B. turn转身C. react反应D. contribute贡献。起初,观众们对玛莎的强烈敏捷的舞蹈动作形式不是很接受。选C。

小题18考查形容词和语境理解。A. powerful强有力的B. different不同的C. classical 经典的D. significant有意义的。玛莎的舞蹈感染力强大,具有强而急速的动作与欧洲的传统芭蕾舞形式有很大的区别。本题易选为玛莎的舞蹈形式不同,但是上下语境得知舞蹈感染力强而不仅仅是形式不同。选A。

小题19考查动词和语境理解。A. quitted退出B. balanced 平衡C. involved 涉及D. deserved应得。现代舞中很多的动作收于放,在剧烈舞蹈中舞动手臂,跃空然后落地。选C。

小题20考查动词和语境理解。 A. work工作B. perform表演C. speak说话D. live居住。1938年,富兰克林·罗斯福总统的夫人邀请玛莎到白宫演出,她为此创作了舞蹈《美国文件》这部作品。玛莎格雷厄姆后来多次应邀到白宫演出,她曾为七位总统表演现代舞。选B。

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