Question

Women are friendly. But men are more competitive. Why? Researchers have found it's all down to the hormone oxytocin (荷尔蒙催生素). Although known as the love hormone, it affects the sexes differently.

"Women tend to be social in their behavior. They often share with others. But men lend to be competitive. They are trying to improve their social status," said Professor Ryan.

Generally, people believe that the hormone oxytocin is let out in our body in various social situations and

our body creates a large amount of it during positive social interactions (互动) such as falling in love or giving birth.

But in a previous experiment Professor Ryan found that the hormone is also let out in our body during negative social interactions such as envy.

Further researches showed that in men the hormone oxytocin improves the ability to recognize competitive relationships, but in women it raises the ability to recognize friendship. Professor Ryan's recent experiment used 62 men and women aged 20 to 37. Half of the participants（参与者）received oxytocin. The other half received placebo (安慰剂).

After a week, the two groups switched with participants. They went tlirough the same procedure with the other material.

Following each treatment, they were shown some video pictures with different social interactions. Then they were asked to analyze the relationships by answering some questions. The questions were about telling friendship from competition. And their answers should be based on gestures, body language and facial expressions.

The results indicated that, after treatment with oxytocin, men's ability to correctly recognize competitive relationships improved, but in women it was the ability to correctly recognize friendship that got better.

Professor Ryan thus concluded: "Our experiment proves that the hormone oxytocin can raise people's abilities to better distinguish different social interactions. And the behavior differences between men and women are caused by biological factors (因素) that are mainly hormonal."

1.What causes men and women to behave differently according to the text?

A. Placebo.                              B. Oxytocin.

C. The gesture.                     D. The social status.

2.What can we learn from Professor Ryan's previous experiment?

A. Oxytocin affects our behavior in a different way.

B. Our body lets out oxytocin when we are deep in love.

C. Our body produces oxytocin when we feel unhappy about others' success.

D. Oxytocin improves our abilities to understand people's behavior differences.

3.Why did Professor Ryan conduct the recent experiment?

A. To test the effect of oxytocin on the ability to recognize social interactions.

B. To know the differences between friendship and competition.

C. To know people's different abilities to answer questions.

D. To test people's understanding of body language.

4.The author develops the text by______.

A. explaining people's behaviors                   

B. describing his own experiences

C. distinguishing sexual differences       

D. discussing research experiments

 

Answer 1

1.B

2.C

3.A

4.D

【解析】

试题分析: 本文属于议论文文体。作者在文中提出荷尔蒙催生素对男女行为的不同影响：女性非常友善，善于交际，而男性更具有竞争意识，努力去提高自己的社会地位。但是实验也表明当人内心产生比如嫉妒这样的情绪情感时人体也会释放这种荷尔蒙催生素。此外，作者还对一项实验进行了详细的介绍，以此来进一步证实这一观点。

1.考查细节理解。通过文章首段Women are friendly. But men are more competitive. Why? Researchers have found it's all down to the hormone oxytocin 可知对于男女的不同表现，oxytocin是造成这种差异的原因，答案选B。

2.考查细节理解。根据第四段内容… found that the hormone is also let out in our body during negative social interactions such as envy 可知当人们产生嫉妒这样的情绪情感时人体也会释放这种荷尔蒙催生素，由此可以判断C选项内容正确。

3.A考查细节理解。从文章末段的结论"Our experiment proves that the hormone oxytocin can raise people's abilities to better distinguish different social interaction可知教授实验的目的就是去测试荷尔蒙催生素对社会交际能力的作用，选A。

4.D考查推理判断。在文章开头作者提出荷尔蒙催生素在男女的不同表现中所起到的作用，也就是文章的中心话题，然后在下文中通过介绍几个实验及其结果来进一步对此看法进行证明，由此判断作者的行为是故答案选D。本题容易误选的答案为A“解释人们的行为”，在文中作者对男女不同行为进行了介绍，但是题干问的是文章的行文发展方法，故A为错误选项。

考点：考查社会生活类短文阅读。