Question

【题目】Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

You're trying your best to enjoy an evening cookout, but a constant swarm of mosquitoes follows you from grill to poolside. The threat? A pierce to your skin, leaving behind an itchy red welt and possibly even a serious illness. As you swat madly at the pests, you notice that others seem completely unbothered. Could it be that mosquitoes prefer to bite some people over others?

The short answer is yes. Mosquitoes do 【1】 blood-sucking preferences, say the experts. "One in 10 people are highly attractive to mosquitoes," reports Jerry Butler, PhD, professor emeritus at the University of Florida. But it's not dinner they're sucking out of you. Female mosquitoes -- males do not bite people -- need human blood to develop 【2】 eggs. And apparently, not just anyone's will do.

Who Mosquitoes Like Best? Although researchers have yet to 【3】 what mosquitoes consider an ideal hunk (大块) of human flesh, the hunt is on. "There's a tremendous amount of research being conducted on what compounds and odors people exude that might be attractive to mosquitoes," says Joe Conlon, PhD, technical advisor to the American Mosquito Control Association. With 400 different compounds to examine, it's an extremely laborious process. "Researchers are just beginning to 【4】 the surface," he says.

Scientists do know that genetics 【5】 for an overwhelming 85% of our susceptibility to mosquito bites. They've also identified certain elements of our body chemistry that, when found in excess on the skin's surface, make mosquitoes swarm closer.

"People with high 【6】 of steroids or cholesterol on their skin surface attract mosquitoes," Butler tells WebMD. That doesn't necessarily mean that mosquitoes prey on people with higher overall levels of cholesterol, Butler explains. These people simply may be more efficient at processing cholesterol, the byproducts of which remain on the skin's surface.

Mosquitoes also 【7】 people who produce excess amounts of certain acids, such as uric acid, explains entomologist John Edman, PhD, spokesman for the Entomological Society of America. These substances can trigger mosquitoes' sense of smell, luring them to land on 【8】victims.

But the process of attraction begins long before the landing. Mosquitoes can smell their dinner from a(n) 【9】 distance of up to 50 meters, explains Edman. This doesn't bode well for people who emit large quantities of carbon dioxide…..Luckily, there are chemical-based mosquito repellents and the soybean oil-based repellent that can help to keep the bite at【10】.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】AC

【3】BC

【4】BD

【5】AB

【6】ABC

【7】B

【8】AD

【9】D

【10】A

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了专家们发现蚊子确实显示出吸血的偏好，以及说明了人体中哪些因素会导致人更容易吸引蚊子的叮咬，如人体化学中的某些元素，皮肤表面高浓度类固醇或胆固醇的人会吸引蚊子以及包括那些产生过量某些酸的人等等。

【1】考查动词。句意：专家们说，蚊子确实显示出吸血的偏好。根据上文do可知应填动词原形，且结合句意可知表示“显示”应为exhibit。故选C。

【2】考查形容词。句意：雌蚊——雄蚊不咬人——需要人的血液来培育可生育的卵子。修饰名词eggs应用形容词，且结合句意可知表示“能生育的”应为fertile。故选AC。

【3】考查动词。句意：虽然研究人员还没有确定蚊子认为理想的人肉块是什么，但寻找工作正在进行。根据上文to可知填动词原形，且根据句意可知表示“确定；查明”应为pinpoint。故选BC。

【4】考查动词。句意：“研究人员才刚刚开始触及表面，”他说。begin to do sth ,可知本空应填动词原形，且根据句意可知表示“触及表面”短语为scratch the surface。故选BD。

【5】考查动词。句意：科学家确实知道，基因决定了我们85% 的人易受蚊子叮咬。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时，主语为genetics，本空需要动词，且根据句意可知表示“导致；决定”短语为account for。故选AB。

【6】考查名词。句意：“皮肤表面高浓度类固醇或胆固醇的人会吸引蚊子，”Butler告诉WebMD。根据上文high可知应填名词，且根据句意可知表示“浓度”为concentrations。故选ABC。

【7】考查动词。句意：美国昆虫学会发言人、昆虫学家John Edman博士解释说，蚊子目标还包括那些产生过量某些酸的人，比如尿酸。结合上文可知应填动词原形，且结合句意可知表示“以……为目标”为target。故选B。

【8】考查形容词。句意：这些物质可以触发蚊子的嗅觉，引诱它们落在毫无防备的受害者身上。修饰名词victims可知应填形容词，且结合句意表示“毫无防备的”为unsuspecting。故选AD。

【9】考查形容词。句意：埃德曼解释说，蚊子从一个令人赞叹的距离——50米远的地方就能闻到食物的味道。修饰名词distance应用形容词，且结合句意表示“令人赞叹的”为impressive。故选D

【10】考查名词。句意：幸运的是，有化学驱蚊剂和豆油驱蚊剂可以帮助阻止蚊虫叮咬。at bay意为“(猎物等)被困，处于走投无路的境地”，符合语境。故选A。