4.The spread of Western eating habits around the world is bad for human health and for the environment.Those findings come from a new report in the journal Nature.
David Tilman is a professor at the University of Minnesota.In the study,he examined information from 100nations to show what people ate and how diet affected health.Mr.Tilman noted a movement beginning in the 1960s.He found that as nations industrialized(工业化),population increased and earnings rose.More people began to adopt what has been called the Western diet.The Western diet is high in sugar,fat,oil and meat.By eating these foods,people began to get fatter and sicker.
"The food,let us say,in the 15richest nations of the world,right now contains about 400or 500extra calories(热量) a day that are eaten beyond what people need,and that leads people to gain weight."
David Tillman says overweight people are at greater risk for diseases like diabetes,heart disease and some cancers.Diabetes is shooting to very high rates in the United States and across Europe.Heart disease is a major cause of death in the Western nations.Unfortunately when people become industrialized,if they adopt this Western diet,they are going to have these same health problems.
A diet bad for human beings,it seems,is also bad for the environment.As the world's population grows,experts say more forests and areas will become farmland for crops or grasslands for raising cattle.These areas will be needed to meet the increasing demand for food.
Mr.Tilman calls the link between diet,the environment and human health,"a dilemma",a situation where it is very difficult to decide what to do.He says one possible solution is leaving the Western diet behind.
29.Why did people get fatter in the 1960s?A
A.They ate foods high in calories.
B.They adopted a western lifestyle.
C.They set aside little time for exercise.
D.They had a better life and became lazier.
30.According to the text,overweight people may suffer the following diseases EXCEPTB.
A.diabetes B.skin disease C.cancers D.heart disease
31.What can we infer from Paragraph 5?A
A.There will be fewer and fewer forests.
B.People won't care about the environment.
C.The world's population will grow faster than ever.
D.Raising cattle will be the most moneymaking business.
32.What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage?B
A.To tell people effective ways to keep healthy.
B.To call on people to give up the Western diet.
C.To show the problems industrialized nations are facing.
D.To draw people's attention to environmental protection.
分析 随着全球化进程进一步加快,西方的饮食习惯也层层逼近世界的每一个角落,它是否对我们的饮食健康或者环境造成影响呢?这篇文章就做了详细的介绍.
解答 29.A.细节理解题.根据第二段:The Western diet is high in sugar,fat,oil and meat.By eating these foods,people began to get fatter and sicker可知20世纪60年代的人们吃高热量的食物导致他们变胖;故选A.
30.B.细节理解题.根据第四段:David Tillman says overweight people are at greater risk for diseases like diabetes,heart disease and some cancers可知超重的人可能患有糖尿病,癌症和心脏病;故选B.
31.A.推理判断题.根据第五段:As the world's population grows,experts say more forests and areas will become farmland for crops or grasslands for raising cattle可知森林将会越来越少;故选A.
32.B.写作意图题.综合全文,尤其是根据文章最后一段的最后一句可知,西方饮食有害健康,不利于环境,故作者是想通过该文让人们警惕西方饮食带来的危害,让读者放弃西方饮食;故选B.
点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.