Death is natural, but do you have any idea of the process of dying? Modern scientists divide the process of dying into two phases --- clinical or temporary death and biological death．Clinical death occurs when the vital organs, such as the heart or lungs, have ceased to function, but have not suffered permanent damage．The organism can still be revived(复活)．Biological death occurs when changes in the organism lead to the “breaking up” of vital cells and tissues．Death is then unchangeable and final．
Scientists have been seeking a way to prolong the period of clinical death so that the organism can remain alive before biological death occurs．The best method developed so far involves cooling of the organism, combined with narcotic sleep．By slowing down the body’s metabolism(新陈代谢), cooling delays the processes leading to biological death．
To illustrate how this works, scientists performed an experiment on a six-year-old female monkey called Keta． The scientist put Keta to sleep with a narcotic． Then they surrounded her body with ice-bags and began checking her body temperature．When it had dropped to 28 degrees the scientists began draining blood from an artery．The monkey’s blood pressure decreased and an hour later both the heart and breathing stopped: clinical death set in．For twenty minutes Keta remained in this state．Her temperature dropped to 22 degrees．At this point the scientists pumped blood into an artery in the direction of the heart and started artificial breathing．After two minutes Keta’s heart became active once more．After fifteen minutes, spontaneous(自发的)breathing began, and after four hours Keta opened her eyes and lifted her head． After six hours, when the scientists tried to give her a penicillin injection, Keta seized the syringe and ran with it around the room．Her behavior differed little from that of a healthy animal．
1.For a person who suffers from the clinical death, _________．
A． his most important organs are damaged．
B． he still has the possibility of getting back to life．
C． he can not avoid final death．
D． he is still very much alive
2.Scientists try to make the time of clinical death longer in order to __________．
A． slow down the body’s metabolism．
B． bring vital cells and tissues back to active life．
C． cool the organism．
D． delay the coming of biological death．
3. How did the scientists put Keta into clinical death?
A． By putting her to sleep, lowering her temperature and draining her blooD．
B． By surrounding her body with ice-bags and draining her blood．
C． By lowing her blood pressure and stopping her heart from beating．
D． By draining her blood, lowering her blood pressure and stopping her breathing．
4. All of the following indicate that the monkey has almost restored to her original physical state except the fact that__________．
A． her heart beat again．
B． she regained her normal breath．
C． she rejected a penicillin injection．
D． she acted as lively as a healthy monkey．

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，有两项为多余选项。
Guide for Teenagers
The teenage years can be tough, and it’s normal to feel sad every now and then．But if these feelings don’t go away or become so intense that you can’t handle them, you may be suffering from depression．1.
Try not to isolate yourself
When you’re depressed, you may not feel like seeing anybody or doing anything．Just getting out of bed in the morning can be difficult, but isolating yourself only makes depression worse．2.Spend time with friends, especially those who are active．
Keep your body healthy
Making healthy lifestyle choices can do wonders for your mooD． Ever heard of a "runners high"? Physical activity can be as effective as medications for depression, so get involved in sports, ride your bike, or take a dance class．Any activity helps! 3.As for food, make sure you’re feeding your mind with plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains．
Avoid alcohol and drugs．
You maybe try drinking or use drugs in an effort to escape from your feelings and get a "mood boost," even if just for a short time．However, substance use can not only make depression worse, but can cause you to become more depressed． 4.You will need special treatment for your substance problem．
5.
Stress and worry can lead to depression．Talk to a teacher if exams or classes seem overwhelming．In addition, if you have a health concern you feel you can’t talk to your parents about, see a doctor．A health professional can help you approach your parents and guide you toward appropriate treatment．If you’re dealing with relationship, friendship, or family problems, talk to an adult you trust．
A． Ask for help if you are stressed．
B． Even a short walk can be beneficial．
C． Turn to your parents for help．
D． As you get out into the world, you may find yourself feeling better．
E． In short, drinking and taking drugs will make you feel worse--not better--in the long run．
F． The more exercise you do, the healthier you will be．
G． Help is available and you have more power than you think．

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A,B,C,D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂上。
I was 14 years old． I was angry and rebellious, with regard for anything my parents had to say, if it had nothing to do with me． Like so many , I struggled to escape from anything that didn’t my picture of the world． As a “ brilliant without need of guidance” kid, I rejected any obvious of love． In fact, I got angry at the of the word “love”．
One , after an extremely difficult day, I into my room, shut the door loudly and fell down onto my bed heavily． As I lay down in the privacy of my , my hands placed under my pillow． There was an envelope．I pulled it out and on the envelope it said, “To when you’re alone．”
I was alone, no one would know whether I read it or not．So I opened it． It said，“Mike， I know life is right now, I know you are frustrated and I know we don’t do everything right． I also know that I love you and nothing you do or say will ever change that．I am here for you if you ever need to talk． If you don’t, that’s also ．Just know that no matter where you go or whatever you do in your life, I will always love you and be that you are my son． I’m here for you and I love you-that will never Love you, Mom．”
Every night as I went to bed, I would put my hands under my , and I remember the I felt every time I got a letter． During my teen years, the letters were the calm assurance that I still could be loved my anger and rudeness．Just before I fell I became grateful that my mom knew what I, an angry teenager, needed．
1.A． little B． all C． full D． high
2.A． seldom B． sometimes C． currently D． particularly
3.A． families B． adults C． people D． teenagers
4.A． hang up B． lift up C． agree with D． deal with
5.A． attempt B． offer C． request D． advice
6.A． risk B． proposal C． mention D． point
7.A． night B． day C． morning D． afternoon
8.A． slipped B． stormed C． sank D． slid
9.A． bed B． floor C． closet D． chair
10.A． answer B． seal C． read D． tear
11.A． If B． When C． Though D． Since
12.A． serious B． awful C． amazing D． exciting
13.A． entirely B． gently C． heavily D． personally
14.A． impossible B． terrible C． right D． okay
15.A． nervous B． sorry C． proud D． sure
16.A． last B． change C． happened D． start
17.A． pillow B． book C． desk D． door
18.A． relaxation B． sadness C． relief D． thrill
19.A． in spite of B． instead of C． ahead of D． in need of
20.A． ill B． down C． silent D． asleep

假设你是李华，你所在的学校英文报刊向全体高三学生征稿，主题是“环境保护”，你有意参加此次活动。请根据下列要点完成一篇英语作文。
1.低碳(low-carbon)生活对我们的好处。
2.日常生活，我们可以做些什么(如居家，出行，在校或购物等时候)。
注意：
1.词数100左右。
2.可以适当增减细节，以使行文连贯。
3.文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称。

Are you sometimes a little tired and sleepy in the early afternoon? Many people feel this way after lunch. They may think that eating lunch is the cause of the sleepiness. Or, in summer, they may think it is the heat. However, the real reason lies inside their bodies. At that time—about eight hours after you wake up—your body temperature goes down. This is what makes you slow down and feel sleepy. Scientists have tested sleep habits in experiments where there was no night or day. The people in these experiments almost always followed a similar sleeping pattern. They slept for one long period and then for one short period about eight hours later.

In many parts of the world, people take naps(小睡；打盹) in the middle of the day. This is especially true in warmer climates, where the heat makes work difficult in the early afternoon. Researchers are now saying that naps are good for everyone in any climate. A daily nap gives one a more rested body and mind and therefore is good for health in general. In countries where naps are traditional, people often suffer less from problems such as heart disease. Many working people, unfortunately, have no time to take naps. Though doctors may advise taking naps, employers do not allow it! If you do have the chance, however, here are a few tips about making the most of your nap. Remember that the best time to take a nap is about eight hours after you get up. A short sleep too late in the day may only make you feel more tired and sleepy afterward. This can also happen if you sleep for too long. If you do not have enough time, try a short nap—even ten minutes of sleep can be helpful．

1.Why do you sometimes feel sleepy in the early afternoon?

A. Because you eat too much for lunch．

B. Because it’s hot in summer．

C. Because your body temperature goes down at that time．

D. Because you didn’t have a good sleep last night．

2.What can we learn about “naps” according to the last paragraph?

A. All the people in warmer climates take naps in the middle of the day．

B. Doctors need to take naps while employers don’t．

C. If you take naps everyday, you’11 never suffer from heart disease．

D. Taking naps regularly is beneficial to people’s health．

3.What can we infer from the passage?

A. You’ll feel sleepy at regular intervals（间隔）.

B. Taking a nap whenever you want will do good to your health.

C. You will feel less sleepy if you sleep for a long time.

D. If you get up at 6:30 am, you’d better take a nap at about 1:30 pm.

4.What would be the best title for the text?

A. Just for a Rest

B. All for a Nap

C. A Special Sleep Pattern

D. Taking Naps in Warmer Climate

One of Britain’s bravest women told yesterday how she helped to catch suspected (可疑的) police killer David Bieber—and was thanked with flowers by the police. It was also said that she could be in line for a share of up to $30,000 reward money.

Vicki Brown, 30, played a very important role in ending the nationwide manhunt. Vicki, who has worked at the Royal Hotel for four years, told of her terrible experience when she had to steal into Bieber’s bedroom and to watch him secretly. Then she waited alone for three hours while armed police prepared to storm the building.

She said, “I was very nervous. But when I opened the hotel door and saw 20 armed policemen lined up in the car park, I was so glad they were there.”

The alarm had been raised because Vicki became suspicious (怀疑) of the guest who checked in at 3 p.m. the day before New Year’s Eve with little luggage and wearing sunglasses and a hat pulled down over his face. She said, “He didn’t seem to want to talk too much or make any eye contact.” Vicki, the only employee on duty, called her bosses Margaret, 64, and her husband Stall McKale, 65, who phoned the police at 11 p.m.

Officers from Northumbria Police called Vicki at the hotel in Dunston, Gateshead, at about 11:30 p.m. to make sure that this was the wanted man. Then they kept in touch by phoning Vicki every 15 minutes.

“It was about ten past two in the morning when the phone went again and a policeman said ‘Would you go and make yourself known to the armed officers outside?’ My heart missed a beat.”

Vicki quietly showed eight armed officers through passages and staircases to the top floor room and handed over the key.

“I realized that my bedroom window overlooks that pair of the hotel, so I went to watch. I could not see into the man’s room, but I could see the passage (走廊). The police kept shouting at the man to come out with his hands showing. Then suddenly he must have come out because they shouted for him to lie down while he was handcuffed (带手铐).”

1.The underlined phrase “be in line for” in the first paragraph means __________.

A. get B. be paid C. ask for D. own

2.Vicki became suspicious of David Bieber because _________.

A. the police called her

B. he looked very strange

C. he came to the hotel with little luggage

D. he came to the hotel the day before New Year’s Eve

3.David Bieber was most probably handcuffed in _________.

A. the passage B. the man’s room

C. Vicki’s bedroom D. the top floor room

4.The whole event probably lasted about ________hours from the moment Bieber came to the hotel to the arrival of some armed officers.

A. 6 B. 8 C. 11 D. 14

在句中空白处填入适当的内容或用括号内单词的正确形式(不多于3个单词)。

1.The boy found himself in a situation ____________ it was hard to make a choice, so he asked his parents for advice.

2.The judge only cares about whether the eyewitness has given true information, __________ must be facts rather than opinions.

3.He told us whether ____________ (have) a picnic was still under discussion.

4.First as a PC (personal computer) and then as a laptop, I __________ (use) in offices and homes since the 1970s.

5.____________ time passing by, you will get used to the life here and have your understanding of life.

6.I lived in ___________ you call “Ancient Greece” and I used to write about the Olympic Games a long time ago.

7.The concert was ____________ successful that she became famous overnight.

8.Only athletes who have reached the ________ (agree) standard for their event will be admitted as competitors.

9.The 2016 Summer Olympic Games _____________ (hold) in Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.

10.Sadly, although the Amber Room was considered one of the wonders of the world, it is now ______________ (miss).

单句改错

下面每句都有一处语言错误，且错误只涉及一个单词的增加、删除和修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均限一词,并按照上述要求修改，否则不予记分。

1.Later, Catherine II had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg which she spent her summers.

2.Over time my memory has developed so much that, like an elephant, I never forget anything I have told.

3.One of Feng Jicai’s biggest projects were to protect the oldest street in Tianjin.

4.Atlanta was a Greek princess. She was very beautiful and could run faster than any other man in Greece.

5.It is in the Summer Olympic Games which you have the running races, together with swimming, sailing and all the team sports.

6.Both the Winter and the Summer Olympics are held every four years in a regular basis.

7.Instead Feng Jicai goes out and does what he can himself. If others follow him, so much better.

8.There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Konigsburg, that was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.

9.I felt bad for the first time I talked to a group.

10.The sun rose highly in the sky and it got hotter and hotter.

When I told my father that I was moving to Des Moines, Iowa, he told me about the only time he had been there. It was in the 1930s, when he was an editor in the literary magazine of Southern Methodist University（SMU）in Dallas, Texas. He also worked as a professor at SMU, and there was a girl student in his class who suffered from a serious back disease. She couldn’t afford the operation because her family was poor.

Her mother ran a boarding house in Galveston, a seaside town near Houston, Texas. She was cleaning out the attic（阁楼）one day when she came across an old dusty manuscript（手稿）. On its top page were the words, “By O. Henry”. It was a nice story, and she sent it to her daughter at SMU, who showed it to my father. My father had never read the story before, but it sounded like O. Henry, and he knew that O. Henry had once lived in Houston. So it was possible that the famous author had gone to the beach and stayed in the Gainestown boardinghouse, and had written the story there and left the manuscript behind by accident. My father visited an O. Henry expert at Columbia University in New York, who authenticated the story as O. Henry’s.

My father then set out to sell it. Eventfully, he found himself in Des Moines, meeting with Gardner Cowles, a top editor at the Des Moines Register. Cowles loves the story and bought it on the spot. My father took the money to the girl. It was just enough for her to have the operation she so desperately needed.

My father never told me what the O. Henry story was about. But I doubt that it could have been better than his own story.

1.Who discovered the O. Henry’s manuscript?

A. The girl’s mother. B. The author’s father.

C. The girl. D. The author.

2.Which of the following might explain the fact that the manuscript was found in the attic?

A. O. Henry once worked in Houston.

B. O. Henry once stayed in Galveston.

C. O. Henry once moved to Des Moines.

D. O. Henry once taught at SMU.

3.The underlined word “authenticated” in Paragraph 2 probably means __________.

A. named B. treated C. proved D. Described

Want to improve your writing skills? New Writing South is directing the way!

·Towner Writer Squad (班组）for kids aged 13-17

Led by comedy and TV writer, Marian Kilpatrick, Towner Writer Squad will meet once a month at the contemporary art museum for 11 months, starting 12 October, 2014.

The FREE squad sessions will include introductions to a wide range of writing styles, from poetry to play writing and lyrics (抒情诗）to flash fiction, to support the development of young writers.

Application & Selection

If you would like to apply to be part of the Towner Writer Squad, please send a sample piece of your writing (about 500 words), responding to the title‘LUNCH,’with your name, age, address and e-mail address to: debo@newwritingsouth.com.

Once all applications are in, you will be invited to an open selection event on 17 September，4-5pm, at the gallery of Towner. This will be an informal opportunity to meet the Squad Leader, Squad Associate and other young people.

You will also have a chance to get to know the fantastic gallery space and get a taste of what’s to come.

Deadline for applications: 8 September, 2014

For further information go to: facebook.com/towner or towner.org.uk or newwritingsouth.com

Any questions 一 feel free to send your e-mail to Towner Writer Squad Associate: whame@towner.gov.uk

﹡ ﹡ ﹡ ﹡ ﹡ ﹡ ﹡ ﹡ ﹡

·Beginner Writing Project for kids aged 10-13

Due to popular demand, a writing project will be started for eager beginners.

Start time: 6 September, 2014

Meet every other Saturday，2-4pm, at the Towner Study Centre.

Study and write at your own pace 一 you do not have to rush 一 as you have a year to go through the project. Practise under the guidance of some experienced writers and teachers who can help you with basic writing skills. Most importantly, build confidence and have fun while writing!

No previous experience or special background is required. Many others have been successful this way. If they can do it, why can’t you?

Fee: £179

For more information，go to newtowner.org.uk or generate.org.uk

1.Towner Writer Squad will be started _______.

A. to train comedy and TV writers

B. to explore the fantastic gallery space

C. to introduce a contemporary art museum

D. to promote the development of young writers

2.To join the Writer Squad，each applicant should first _______.

A. provide a piece of their writing

B. meet the Writer Squad Leader

C. offer their family information

D. complete an application form

3.Applications for the Writer Squad should be e-mailed no later than _______.

A. 6 September, 2014 B. 8 September, 2014

C. 17 September, 2014 D. 12 October, 2014

4.What is most important for the beginners?

A. Practising as much as possible.

B. Gaining confidence and having fun.

C. Studying and writing at their own pace.

D. Learning skills from writers and teachers.