Aristotle once wrote that “happiness is a state of activity”. In other words, whether you are Seeking life-long satisfaction or a few moments of good cheer, you’ve got to move forward. We’ve interviewed the experts and found five steps to take toward a sunny mood（心情）：

Over a 30-year period, University of Illinois researchers asked nearly 120,000 people how income, education, political participation, volunteer activities and close relationships affected their happiness. Reported Newsweek’s Sharon Begley on the findings, “The highest levels of happiness are found with the most stable and satisfying relationships.”

Singing aloud, talking to a stranger, raising your hand: all may increase a feeling of happiness, according to a study from Wake Forest University. Participants（参与者）followed the development of their moods for two weeks and reported feeling happier when they were more outgoing and less happy when reserved or withdrawn.

The editors of forbes.com gave $5 or $20 to 46 strangers by chance. Half the group was told to spend the money on themselves, while the other half was told to spend it on others. Those who’d shared the wealth felt much happier at the end of the day than those who’d spent it on themselves. There was no difference in happiness between those who spent $5 or $20, suggesting that it’s not how much money you spend, but how you spend it, that inspires the spirit.

Studies from the Positive Psychology Center showed that discouraged people who wrote down three good things that happened to them each day for six months reported an improved attitude.

Drinking water really can help keep you cheerful. A small 2012 study from the University of Connecticut suggested that even slight dehydration（脱水） affected the moods of its female participants.

Dolphins(海豚) live in a dark underwater world. It’s often impossible to see each other or anything else around them, so sound plays an important role in their survival. To communicate with each other, dolphins produce all kinds of sounds.

Only other dolphins understand what the sounds mean. Scientists haven’t uncovered their secret communication, except for one kind of whistle. It might last less than a second, but this whistle is a big deal. Why? Because these whistles are actually names of dolphins - and every dolphin has one. Scientists call these sounds a “signature whistle.” When other dolphins hear the whistle, they know which dolphin is calling.

Dolphins often hunt by themselves but still need to stay connected to the group. Since they can’t always see each other, dolphins use their signature whistles to check in with other dolphins hundreds of yards away. “In coastal areas, dolphins exchange whistles even when they’re a third of a mile apart,” says Greg Campbell, who studies animals. That means dolphins shout out to group members that might be nearly five football fields away.

What’s amazing is who names the baby dolphin. Not the mother. Not an auntie dolphin or another group member. Scientists believe the baby dolphin itself comes up with the signature whistle. Like human babies, a baby dolphin plays with sounds throughout its first year. While testing its sound skills, a baby dolphin is doing something amazing. It’s creating or figuring out its signature whistle. How or why it chooses its signature whistle is not clear. Studies show that most of the time the signature whistle is nothing like its mother’s or group members’ whistles.

When the baby dolphin is about a year old, its signature whistle is set. It repeats it of ten so the other dolphins learn to recognize it.

Deciphering(破译) dolphin names is just the beginning of figuring out what dolphins communicate about. Do they chat about sharks? Discuss the tides? Maybe they even have a name for people. Someday scientists to decipher the rest of dolphins’ communication.

1.Sound is important for dolphins because of ______.

A．their poor sense of direction

B．their living environment

C．their strong enemies

D．their big groups

2.The dolphin’s signature whistle ______.

A．lasts along time

B．can travel long distances

C．is especially helpful in hunting

D．can be recognized by other animals

3.The author writes the text mainly to ______.

A．encourage readers to study dolphins

B．tell reader s how dolphins communicate

C．show how lovely and clever dolphins are

D．introduce a special sound made by dolphins

4.A baby dolphin gets its name ______.

A．soon after it was born

B．according to its size

C．all by itself

D．with the help of its group

Early Native American groups lived in different cultural areas. Their environments had resources. Each group made particular products or developed certain skills, besed on their own As they perfected their skills, exciting began to happen. For the first time in their history, they had more things than they

They wouldn’t let their products go to , of course. When Native American groups began to communicate with each other, they began to things they wanted or needed. The they traded goods and services without using any form of money was called bartering. Thanks to bartering, people began to enjoy a better of life. To barter with others meant that work became much . No one group had to work as hard to make or find everything they needed for survival.

Native American groups would often travel long distances for the chance to with each other. In between trading times, they would or collect extra products. They kept them especially for the purpose of bartering with other native groups at their trade meetings.

Another of trading between cultural areas was that people could enjoy products that were to make with the resources in their own . For example, people from the Desert Southwest area tools made from whalebone(鲸须). There was no whalebone available in the . However they could get it from the natives living in the Pacific Northwest area.

Some people use bartering today to get things the need. You might to do the dishes for your brother if he will take you to the movies. Especially in hard economic people return to this way of getting things they need.

1.A．strange B．ordinary C．similar D．different

2.A．skills B．interests C．resources D．customs

3.A．everything B．something C．anything D．nothing

4.A．found B．collected C．needed D．sold

5.A．market B．town C．waste D．charity

6.A．buy B．share C．produce D．save

7.A．way B．idea C．plan D．study

8.A．variety B．habit C．quantity D．quality

9.A．harder B．dirtier C．easier D．nicer

10.A．greet B．trade C．work D．play

11.A．use B．create C．send D．advertise

12.A．choice B．trouble C．benefit D．pleasure

13.A．illegal B．necessary C．impossible D．natural

14.A．desert B．trade C．group D．area

15.A．designed B．wanted C．discovered D．invented

16.A．water B．sea C．desert D．1and

17.A．yet B．still C．even D．never

18.A．fear B．earn C．offer D．refuse

19.A．development B．generation C．disadvantage D．times

20.A．age-old B．world-famous C．new-born D．ready-made

— You look great!

— I ______ out. Check out my muscles!

A. will work

B. was working

C. have been working

D. had been working

It’s been discovered in the study ______ people are more relieved after forgiving others. A. that B. what C. which D. whose

The report aims to explain how these conclusions ______.

A. were reached

B. had been reached

C. have reached

D. had reached

The agent promised to keep the family members fully ______ of any developments.

A. inform B. Informing

C. informed D. being informed

The landlady prefers to have women in the apartment rather than men. She thinks women take______ care of things!

A. well B. good C. better D. best

My father warned me going to the West Coast because it was crowded with tourists.

A. by B. on C. for D. against

第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

My class and I visited Chris Care Center in Phoenix, Arizona to comfort the old people who needed a little cheering up during the holiday season.

The first two there were for persons requiring help in taking care of themselves. We sang for them. They loved our sweet songs and the flowers that we left with them. As we were on the third floor for old people with Alzheimer (老年痴呆症), most of them off at the walls or floor. However, one lady my eye. She was sitting by the door, in a wheelchair, singing songs to herself. They weren’the songs that we were singing, at least they didn’t like that. As we got with each festive song, she did as well. The louder we got, the louder she got. she was singing, she was also out to us with her hands and body. I knew that I should have gone over to her, but I thought that my were to my students. People who worked at the care center could to her, I thought. Just when I stopped feeling about not giving her the attention she needed, one of my students, Justin, showed me what the holiday season is really about.

Justin also the same lady. The difference between us is that he on her needs, but I didn’t. During the last song, “Silent Night,” Justin walked over to her and held her hand. He looked this aged lady in her and with his actions said, “You are important, and I will take my to let you know that.” This tired, elderly lady stopped singing and held his hand. Then she touched his cheek with the other hand. Tears began to fall down her face. No can completely describe that touching moment...

It a boy to teach me, a man, about kindness and love. Justin’s example of a complete, selfless attitude toward another was a that I will never forget. He was the teacher that day, and I consider myself to have witnessed his lesson.来

1.A. rooms B. buildings C. floors D. groups

2.A. bravely B. shyly C. madly D. beautifully

3.A. dancing B. meeting C. gathering D. singing

4.A. stared B. shut C. paid D. glared

5.A. looked B. caught C. escaped D. hurt

6.A. appear B. hear C. sound D. feel

7.A. louder B. nearer C. faster D. higher

8.A. Because B. As C. Since D. Though

9.A. moving B. reaching C. coming D. spreading

10.A. interests B. abilities C. feeling s D. responsibilities

11.A. speak B. object C. attend D. compare

12.A. afraid B. sure C. guilty D. scary

13.A. feared B. avoided C. helped D. noticed

14.A. called B. acted C. insisted D. kept

15.A. tears B. hands C. eyes D. face

16.A. time B. flower C. body D. cheek

17.A. words B. poems C. expressions D. songs

18.A. took B. wasted C. caused D. made

19.A. message B. lesson C. activity D. class

20.A. clever B. foolish C. right D. lucky