阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

People who averaged fewer than seven hours of sleep per night in the weeks before being exposed to the cold virus were nearly three times as likely to get sick as those who averaged eight hours or more, a new study found．

Researchers used frequent telephone interviews to track the sleep habits of more than 150 men and women aged 21 to 55 over the last few weeks．Then they exposed the subjects to the virus, quarantined（检疫隔离）them for five days and kept track of who got sick．

Besides sleeping more, sleeping better also seemed to help the body fight illness: Patients who fared better on a measure known as “sleep efficiency”—the percentage of time in bed that you’re actually sleeping—were also less likely to get sick．

The results held true even after researchers adjusted for elements such as body-mass index, age, sex, smoking and pre-existing antibodies（抗体）to the virus．

The researchers aren’t exactly sure why sleeping better makes you less likely to develop a cold．But they do try to give an answer: “Sleep disturbance influences the regulation of symptom mediators（调节因子）that are released in response to infection．” In plain English, maybe tossing and turning when you’re infected with the cold virus contributes to the symptoms that define a cold．

The researchers were based at Carnegie Mellon, the University of Pittsburgh and the University of Virginia, and the study was funded by the National Institutes of Health．

1.According to the passage, what does the underlined word “subjects” mean in paragraph 2?

A．areas of knowledge in a school

B．people being studied in an experiment

C．research topics

D．animals being tested

2.It is shown in the passage that _______．

A．the researchers obtain information about the sleep habits by frequent interviews

B．the researchers do their research in the National Institutes of Health

C．people hope to avoid being infected with a cold by sleeping as much as possible

D．sleeping more and better helps regulate the symptom mediators

3.What’s the best title of the passage?

A．The Relationship Between Virus and Cold

B．How to Sleep Well

C．Good Sleep Helps Fight a Cold

D．The More the Sleep, the Better Your Body

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

The Happiest Cities On Earth

If you’re looking for a cheery destination for your next vacation, consider these four spots and get ready to take notes on how to really live the good life．

Singapore

With one of the highest population densities（密度）in the world and residents known for being workaholics, it’s hard to imagine the city-state of Singapore having one of the happiest populations on earth．And yet in a recent survey, 95% of them said they were either very happy or quite happy．

They give their city high marks for cleanliness and safety—subways are pristine（洁净的）and unfailingly arrive on time, and police are seen as helpful and good at their jobs．What’s more, they feel they can count on their neighbours—all 5．1 million of them．

Arhus, Denmark

The residents of Arhus cheerfully part with 68% of their income in taxes, knowing that in return they will be guaranteed free healthcare, free daycare, and a top-notch（第一流的）education for their children．

An energetic city of 300,000 with a lively cultural scene and a diverse number of religions represented, the sense of equality（the range in incomes is narrow）, as well as easy access to the nearby sea and surrounding countryside, make Arhus seem more like a small town．

San Luis Obispo, CA

According to a 2008 Gallup-Healthways study, people who live in San Luis Obispo are more likely than residents of other U．S．cities to smile and experience joy and are less likely to experience pain or depression．About 64,000 of the 260,000 people in the greater metropolitan area（都市区）, located halfway between Los Angeles and San Francisco, volunteer at over 11,000 non-profit organizations．

Few journeys to work are longer than 10 minutes （one reason its members rank in the upper third for job satisfaction）, so “it’s easy to be involved,” resident Pierre Rademaker said．Business signs are unobtrusive（不显眼的）by law, fewer than 11% of residents smoke—the lower rate in the U．S．—there are lots of bike lanes, and the city’s plaza draws crowds of people for free concerts on summer Fridays．What’s not to love?

Monterrey, Mexico

The people of Monterrey don’t enjoy high household incomes or access to good healthcare．Instead, there’s a profound sense of gratitude for the new political freedom enjoyed since the oppressive Institutional Revolutionary Party lost power in 2000—the first time in nearly a century—as well as an emphasis on social life over work．

Another reason Monterrey residents may be so happy is their faith in God and family, and their ability to tough it out through bad times．

“We laugh at sickness, poverty and even death,” says Basanez, a political scientist who lives in Monterrey．“We even have a holiday to celebrate death．November 2, the Day of the Dead, is one of the biggest holidays of the year．”

1.According to the passage, what do the residents in the four cities have in common?

A．All the residents can make great fortunes by working hard．

B．The residents there are mostly educators．

C．All the residents enjoy enough material wealth．

D．The majority of the residents are satisfied with their current life．

2.According to the passage, we can infer that _______．

A．the people of Singapore expect their neighbours to come to their help when necessary

B．the people of Monterrey even observe one’s death on a special day of a year

C．the residents of Arhus happily pay 68% of their income for their children’s education fee

D．the people who live in San Luis Obispo have job satisfaction because they can enjoy good working conditions

3.According to the passage which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?

A．The people of Monterrey didn’t enjoy political freedom until 2000．

B．The residents in Singapore feel happy because of its low population density．

C．The people of San Luis Obispo can enjoy free concerts in summer．

D．Arhus is handy to the seaside and countryside．

4.What can we learn from the underlined part “the sense of equality”?

A．The residents of Arhus have no racial discrimination．

B．Arhus is considered as a family sharing everything with each other．

C．There is no wide gap between the rich and the poor in Arhus．

D．The residents of Arhus can depend on their neighbours to help．

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

There are various aspects that go into making a successful school, and success can be measured in various ways．Often, the teachers are praised for a school’s success and blamed for its failure．Yet, in order for a school to be effective, it must be a place where teaching and learning can easily take place, and that requires the hard work of more than just educators．Students must take learning into their own hands and feel as if what they are doing is as important as it actually is．This can only be done with the cooperation of every adult that is involved in the students’ life．Some of these individuals often go unnoticed, yet the role they play in the students’ lives is immeasurable．

In the school, administrative assistants greet students at the start of the day and answer a large quantity of questions．When an assistant remembers a student’s name or even something special about that student, it communicates to him that he is cared for．The assistant can also give that extra encouragement for a student to make better choices, especially when they are visiting the principal’s office．

Meanwhile, though cafeteria workers have a short space of time to interact with students, they can make a big difference as well．Beyond meeting nutritional needs, cafeteria workers may also on occasion meet the emotional needs of the students they serve．Students benefit from positive interaction with adults, and cafeteria workers may give that extra bit of encouragement that a child needs．

Custodians（管理员）are usually underappreciated for what they offer to schools．They have to be knowledgeable about everything from cleaning to fixing the most intricate（复杂的）tools．They get to school early in the morning before teachers arrive and lock up late at night after the last student has left from the after-school event．They also make sure teachers are equipped with the necessary items and prepare the rooms so that they are ready for learning．A great custodian also gives that kind word or extra smile to that student who needs it most．

1.The purpose of the passage is to _______．

A．emphasize the role teachers play in a school

B．highlight the contributions of other staff at school besides teachers．

C．tell us who make the greatest contributions to a school

D．explain what contributes to the success of a student

2.If an assistant remembers a student’s name, the student will feel that _________．

A．he is paid particular attention to

B．he is special

C．he has done something wrong

D．he has made progress in study

3.Which of the following is TRUE about cafeteria workers?

A．It’s enough for them to cook for the students．

B．It’s hard for them to interact with the students．

C．They have the most interaction with students at school．

D．They can also meet the emotional needs of the students．

4.How does the author feel about the staff mentioned in the text?

A．Disappointed． B．Dissatisfied．

C．Appreciative． D．Doubtful．

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

As we get older, most of us worry about grey hair, wrinkles and maintaining a youthful body． 1. Here, Mr. Rubin, a voice expert, reveals how to keep your voice youthful．

Drink more fluid and avoid spicy food

You need water for the vocal cords（声带）to vibrate well．The body must keep absorbing enough water to make the vocal cords operate well．Drinking 1．5 liters of water a day at intervals of 15 minutes is very important．2.

Rest the throat and talk regularly

The vocal cords can be scarred if you use your voice during a bad cough．If you have a case of laryngitis（喉炎）with a cold, you should rest your voice for a day or two, and seek medical advice．

Simply staying sociable and using your voice is very important．“As older people have less mobile, they can become socially isolated and speak less,” says Mr. Rubin．“The elderly need to communicate with people more．3. ”

4.

Good posture is essential to keeping the voice young, so we’d better stand properly．Exercise helps you take deeper breaths as it means there is better airflow through the voice box, producing a stronger tone．

Sing in the shower

This is one of the best ways to preserve your voice, as it keeps the larynx muscles strong while the steam lubricates the voice box．“ 5. ” says Mr. Rubin．Joining a choir is one of the best ways to preserve a youthful tone．

A．Improve your posture

B．By using the vocal cords, they enable the ageing process to slow down．

C．But people often don’t realize the voice needs looking after．

D．The Voice of Young Science programme encourages early career researchers to play an active role in public debates about science．

E．Singing is to the voice what gymnastics are to human beings．

F．Using the vocal cords regularly will definitely age our voice more quickly．

G．Mr. Rubin advises avoiding foods with an annoying effect on the stomach, such as onions, chili, fizzy drinks and chocolate．

短文改错

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）, 并在其下写出该加的词。

删除: 把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改: 在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意: 1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2．只允许修改10处, 多者（从第11处起）不计分。

As is known, that it is interesting to teach children to swim while they are still babies．Most large town in Florida and California have already run particularly lessons for babies．The idea has quickly spread to Europe which, in several countries, special courses were now offered to children who are from 7 to 24 months old．The first step is to have child get rid of the fear with water．Next, he is teaching to float in water．Once he can do that naturally and can swim with fear, the child can master the technique and push him forward through water．

书面表达

假设你是张林，你班来自英国的交流学生John因病住院已两周，请你用英文给他写封信，主要内容包括：

1．询问病情，表示关切；

2．介绍班级近期活动，学习等情况；

3．表达祝愿。

注意：1．词数100左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3．信的格式已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear John,

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Zhang Lin

No one knows exactly how many disabled people there are in the world，but estimates suggest the figure is over 450 million. The number of disabled people in India alone is probably more than double the total population of Canada.

In the United Kingdom，about one in ten people have some disability. Disability is not just something that happens to other people：as we get older，many of us will become less mobile，hard of hearing or have falling eyesight．

Disablement can take many forms and occur at any time of life. Some people are born with disabilities．Many others become disabled as they get older. There are many progressive disabling diseases．The longer time goes on，the worse they become. Some people are disabled in accidents．Many others may have a period of disability in the form of a mental illness. All are affected by people’s attitude towards them．

Disabled people face many physical barriers．Next time you go shopping or to work or to visit friends，imagine how you would manage if you could not get up steps, or onto buses and trains. How would you cope if you could not see where you were going or could not hear the traffic? But there are other barriers: prejudice can be even harder to break down and ignorance inevitably represents by far the greatest barrier of all. It is almost impossible for the able-bodied to fully appreciate what the severely disabled go through，so it is important to draw attention to these barriers and show that it is the individual person and their ability，not their disability，which counts．

1.The key word in Paragraph 4 is_______.

A. disability B. ignorance

C. prejudice D. Barriers

2.The last word of the passage “counts” most probably means_______.

A. being most important B. being considered

C. being included D. being numbered

3.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

A. Even the able-bodied may lose some of their body functions when they get older.

B. There are about 10 percent disabled persons in the UK.

C. The whole society should pay attention to the barriers faced by the disabled people.

D. There no longer exists prejudice against the disabled.

4.It can be concluded from the passage that_______.

A. we should try our best to prevent disablement

B. both physical and mental barriers are hard to break down

C. we must take a proper attitude towards the disabled

D. the able-bodied people will never fully understand the disabled

Hello! The University of Hawaii is located just outside of downtown Honolulu in green Manoa valley．We invite you to visit and want to let you know about our learning programs, the richness of our culture, the beauty of our environment, the spirit of our students and teachers, advanced equipment and modern buildings．We look forward to seeing you come．The following information is given so that your visit will be as easy as possible．

You should get in touch with us ahead of time．You may directly contact the office of the College to schedule appointment service at 1--877-447-3233. To arrange a campus tour, please hand in a request through our Online Campus Visit Request Form．

Tours are on weekdays:

Monday, Wednesday, and Friday

9:00a.m.--9:30a.m.: Meet with a University Representative（代表）

9:30a.m.--11:30a.m.: General Campus Tour with a UHM （The University of Hawaii Manoa ） student

Tuesday & Thursday

1:00p.m.--l:30p.m.: Meet with a University Representative

l:30p.m.--3:30p.m.: General Campus Tour with a UHM student

You also can get in touch with us by:

Phone Number: 1 （877） 447-3233, or 1 （808） 956-6524

E-mail: visituhm@hawaii．edu

How do you get to UHM?

It is in Honolulu less than 3 miles away from Waikiki and about 9 miles from Honolul International Airport．

By car: From Waikiki and from Honolulu International Airport

Taxi: Taxi fare to UHM is about $25．00, except baggage charges and a tip of 10 to 15percent．

Public bus: Luggage is allowed on city buses. Bus stops are on the second floor of the airport.A one-way fare is $2.00（in exact change）.

1.About the University of Hawaii, all is true except_______．

A．It has advanced equipment and modern buildings．

B．It offers visitors thoughtful campus tour.

C．It is located in the center of Honolulu．

D．Your visit there can be accompanied by a UHM student．

2.If you are only free in the afternoon, you can visit the campus _______．

A．at l:00p.m.on Mondays

B．at l:30p.m.on Tuesdays

C．at 2:00p.m.on Wednesdays

D．at 4:00p.m.on Thursdays

3.What can we learn from the passage?

A．You need to contact them in advance.

B．Taxi fare to UHM is about $ 25.00, including a tip．

C．Only by car and bus can you get to UHM.

D．You can visit the campus both on weekdays and weekends．

4.The purpose of writing the passage is _______．

A．to know how to apply for entrance to the university

B．to introduce the University of Hawaii

C．to make your visit to the campus as easy as possible

D．to show the rich culture of their university

You may never think a documentary film could have aroused so much public enthusiasm in Chinese history. Nowadays everybody is talking about a new 7-part documentary called A Bite of China which was recently broadcast late at night on CCTV I. The documentary describes various gourmet items across the vast Chinese culinary landscape.

According to Taobao, China’s biggest online retail website, just five days after the series began to air, nearly 6 million people went to the site in search of various local specialties, particularly those mentioned in the documentary. More than 7.2 million deals were concluded. A ham producer from Yunnan Province saw his sales grow 17-fold in five days.

However, one can’t help but believe that the documentary’s popularity is probably linked to the endless stream of terrible food security issues that have emerged in recent years. In one well-received article, a netizen wrote, “I wonder how many felt so empty-hearted and sighed after watching the film. Blue-vitriol watered chive, formaldehyde sprayed cabbage, Sudan Red colored salty eggs, restaurants using gutter oil. The list is long…”

How will a varied and ancient food culture that is famous worldwide and which should have made the Chinese proud end? Food is the most vital thing in people’s lives. Yet China’s food industry has made people a little worried due to some severe food safety crisis. The market is huge while the cost of faking and cheating is so low for immoral businessmen; and the punishment is too light. Take the milk industry as an example. Although Sanlu, the company that sold the melamine-adulterated milk powder, was punished, thousands of other dairies didn’t work hard to improve the quality. Therefore, food safety problems should be an important concern of Chinese government so that our ancient food culture can be preserved.

As the documentary shows, people are attracted not to gourmet items like matsutake, a species of rare mushroom grown naturally in remote forests, but to common Chinese dishes like barley, lotus root or tofu. They are what meet our basic needs. This explains why people are so excited about A Bite of China---it is a reminder that there is still a world out there where food is excellent and safe.

1.The underlined word “gourmet items” probably means_______.

A. delicious food B. latest technology

C. beautiful clothes D. great inventions

2.The second paragraph mainly talks about_______.

A. the content of the documentary

B. the producer of the documentary

C. the popularity of the documentary

D. the history of Chinese gourmet

3.We can infer from what a netizen wrote in one well –received article that _______.

A. the price of food is too high for many common people

B. the documentary was made by a world-famous Chinese director

C. there is a huge contrast between the ancient food culture and the reality

D. none of the television viewers have a knowledge of the Chinese food culture

4.According to the passage, China’s food industry has a problem of faking and cheating because_______.

A. there are still so many poor people at the present time

B. the punishment for unscrupulous businessmen isn’t serious enough

C. the Chinese government encourages it to do so

D. the food technology is not so advanced as in developing countries

For the last couple of weeks, I had been stuck in front of my computer working on a project that was very important to me. My every waking hour was consumed by the project and although I imagined that I would feel happy after completing parts of the project, I was confused to find that instead, I was feeling rather depressed. I tried a range of methods to help cheer myself up. I had a relaxing bath, cooked a delicious meal to enjoy with my family and even watched a lighthearted movie, but to no avail. It was only when I turned to think for a solution that the answer came to me: turn to nature!

The very next day, I grabbed my camera and a bottle of water and set off to spend a few hours walking in a nature reserve, even though it was pouring with rain. Within a couple of minutes I felt alive again. To be honest, I felt like a young school girl again and had to stop myself from hopping along the path singing, "I'm singing in the rain", a song I used to sing when I was a child. I think as adults we often try too hard to control our inner children and as a result we limit our own spirits, which only leads to depression and stress.

Interestingly, it has been shown that people who spend 40 minutes walking in a nature reserve have a drop in their blood pressure levels, but this does not happen when they spend a similar amount of time walking in a busy city center.

If you feel a little low in spirit and know that you have spent too much time indoors, relax completely, remove your shoes and let your inner child come out and play.

1.The reason why the author felt depressed is that_______.

A. she was afraid she couldn’t finish her work on time

B. she spent too much time indoors in front of her computer

C. her every waking hour was consumed by the project

D. the project was very important to her

2.In the author's opinion, _______.

A. adults should express their inner feelings freely

B. depression is usually caused by hard work

C. walking in a busy city center harms people's health

D. a bath can make people relaxed

3.The last paragraph mainly serves as a(n) _______.

A. explanation B. warning

C. introduction D. reminder