OSLO ( Reuters) -Six of the world's eight bear species are under threat of extinction after the addition yesterday of the sun bear, the world's smallest type of bear, to a "Red List" which says China's panda is most at risk. The sun bear is threatened partly by poachers(偷猎者) who sell its bile(胆汁)as medicine, said the World Conservation Union which runs the list of the threatened wildlife.

"Things are getting worse for all the bear species except the American black bear which is unquestionably increasing," said Simon Smart, senior species adviser for the Union.

The addition of the sun bear to the authoritative "Red List" after a major review means the American black bear and the brown bear, found from Europe to Alaska, are the only two of eight species still considered robust(强的) . The sun bear, found in Asia from Bangladesh to Borneo and weighing up to about 70kg, was rated "vulnerable(脆弱的) " by experts at the Union,which consists of more than 80 governments, conservation groups and scientists. The union said there were several thousand sun bears in the wild. "We estimate that sun bears have declined by at least 30 percent over the past 30 years, and continue to decline at this speed," said Ron Steinmetz, head of the Swiss- based Union's sun bear expert team.

Scientists did not change the level of threat to any bear species (except sun bears). Deforestation, loss of habitat to roads and cities and poaching are among risks. The Asian black bear, the sloth bear and the Andean bear were all proved again as vulnerable after reassessment of land-living bears. The polar, the only species not reassessed, is separately rated as vulnerable. Pandas were regarded again as endangered, one step closer to extinction than vulnerable, in spite of China's protection efforts for the bamboo-eaters.

1.How many kinds of threats are particularly mentioned to bear species?

A.2. B.3. C.4. D.5.

2.According to the text, pandas.

A. are in the greatest danger of extinction on the "Red List"

B. are in less danger of extinction now with the China's protection efforts

C. are one step closer to extinction than ever before

D. are not among the 8 bears mentioned in the text

3.We can infer from the text that .

A. the World Conservation Union is not in charge of protecting wildlife in the world

B. pandas are rated as endangered after the reassessment

C. there are several kinds of land-living bears in the world

D. sun bears remain " vulnerable ", compared with 30 years ago

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项，将正确的答案填写在答题卷对应的题号上。

The English language is a result of the invasions of the island of Britain over many hundreds of years. The invaders lived along the northern coast of Europe.

1. The Angles were a German tribe who crossed the English Channel. Later two more groups crossed to Britain. They were the Saxons and the Jutes. Through many years, the Saxons, Angles and Jutes mixed their different languages. The result is what is called Anglo-Saxon or old English.

The next great invasion of Britain came from the far north beginning about l,100 years ago. People called Vikings came to the coastal areas of Britain. 2. Words like "sky" , "leg" , "skull" , "egg" , "lift" and "take" are from the old languages of the far northern countries.

The next invasion of Britain took place more than 900 years ago, in 1066. 3.William the Conqueror led it.

The Normans were a French-speaking people from Normandy in the north of France. They became the new rulers of Britain. These new rulers spoke only French for several hundred years. It was the most important language in the world at that time. 4. But the common people of Britain still spoke old English.

Old English took many words from the Norman French. Some of these include "damage", "prison" and "marriage". The French language used by the Norman rulers greatly changed the way English was spoken by 800 years ago. 5. Middle English sounds like modern English. But it is very difficult to understand now. The history of the English language continues as Middle English becomes Modern English, which is spoken today.

A. History experts call this invasion the Norman Conquest.

B. It was the language of educated people.

C. English became what language experts call Middle English.

D. Therefore most common people speak the language.

E. Few people spoke Middle English at that time.

F. Many English words used today come from these ancient Vikings.

G. The first invasions were by a people called Angles about l,500 years ago.

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

It was early when Mom Racer awoke. Quietly she out of bed and moved through the silent house.

In the hallway she stopped at the bedroom of her younger son, Mike. She entered and saw him peacefully in his bed; it had been a long time he had done so, since nightmares had been44for him because of the accident.

Not wanting to his sleep, Mom continued down the hallway. at the next door that was closed, she quietly entered the room. It was painfully the same, and Mom's breath caught in her throat at the of empty, still-made bed before her.

For some reason, unknown even to her, Mom had her older son to be in it. Brushing away a tear from her cheek, she went to the bed and the pillow. Holding it , she was able to catch the of her lost child.

to be in her son's room any longer, Mom put down the pillow and left the room.

As she passed the glass door to the backyard something outside her eye and made her stop in her tracks.

It was a single white rose bud(蓿蕾) lying on a sheet of paper. She went outside and picked up, and a had been written on it. The handwriting was very , and Mom had tears in her eyes as she read it. " Dear Mom, I love you. "

Mom wasn't sure how, but reading those words, she saw that Rex had given her a message that he was with them.

Yes, it's who you will always think of and no matter you are happy or depressed, rich or poor, mother's love will always stay with you.

1.A. jumped B. slipped C. brought D. pulled

2.A. laying B. singing C. sleeping D. playing

3.A. when B. while C. before D. since

4.A. common B. ordinary C. normal D. regular

5.A. interruptB. disturb C. wake D. infect

6.A. Staying B. Listening C. Stopping D. Bowing

7.A. still B. hardly C. never D. often

8.A. sight B. scene C. view D. gesture

9.A. complained B, doubted C. waited D. expected

10.A. tore at B. threw away C. picked up D. glanced at

11.A. close B. hard C. slowly D. heavily

12.A. clothes B. smell C. foot D. eyes

13.A. Unknown B. Unable C. Unhappy D. Unsatisfied

14.A. excitedlyB. suddenly C. hurriedly D. quietly

15.A. escaped B. caused C. caught D. drove.

16.A. word B. note C. sign D. picture

17.A. strange B. familiar C. messy D. bad

18.A. upon B. over C. beyond D. in

19.A. somehow B. anyhow C. anyway D. somewhat

20.A. brother B mother C. child D. son

阅读下面材料，在空白处填人适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。

On a 1. （freeze）cold day, Mrs Smith’s dog was hungry, but there was not any meat 2.(leave) in the house.

3. (consider) there was no better way, Mrs Smith took a piece of paper, and wrote the 4. (follow) words:“Give my dog half a pound of meat.” Then she asked her dog to take it to the butcher’s. When the butcher recognized that it was really the lady’s handwriting, he did as he 5. (ask) to. The dog was very happy, and ate the meat up immediately.

The next day, the dog came again exactly at midday. And as 6. (usually), it brought a piece of paper in the mouth. This time the butcher did not take a look at the paper, and just gave the dog its meat, for he had regarded the dog7. one of his customers.

One day later, to the butcher’s more surprise, it came at six o’clock and brought 8. third piece of paper. Though 9. (surprise), the butcher gave him 10. he wanted. But what he didn’t know was that there were not any words on the paper!

短文改错

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Dear Jim,

I am so exciting that you will come to China. I will free from December 18 and will have a plenty of time to be together with you. I'll meet you at the airport and then you will take No. 8 Bus for my home.You worry about the weather here in your email. In fact, the weather here is quite different from it in your city. It isn't very cold, but you needn't bring many clothes with you. During your stay here, I'll take you to some places of interests and you can taste some local snacks. I am sure we will have greatly fun together.

I'm looking forward to meeting you soon.

Yours ,

John

假定你是李华。在一个英文网络论坛上, 你看到一个名叫Grown-up的中学生发帖（post）寻求帮助：

Grown-up Post at 11-11-2016 23:11

Hi, everyone , I’m 17 years old but my parents continue to treat me as a seven-year-old. What should I do ?

请根据以上提示回信告诉对方你的看法，提出至少两点建议并寄语对方。

要求：

1. 短文词数120字左右（不含已写好的部分）。

2. 内容充实, 结构完整, 语意连贯。

3. 书写必须清晰、易于识别、卷面整洁。

Hi, Grown-up,

How's everything going? I read about your trouble on the Internet. Now I'm writing about it.

Sincerely yours,

Li Hua

We’ve all seen them: perfectly toned famous people on late-night television telling us that we too can develop rock-hard abdominal muscles(腹部的). It's easy! Just pay $149.99 for the Torso Track or $149.75 for the Ad-Doer and watch those unwanted inches leave your waist. Americans spend tens of millions of dollars on various products to firm up their fat around the waist.

And did they work? Not necessarily. Independent studies have concluded that most of these products — no matter who approved them or how expensive they are — shape your midsection no better than old-fashioned stomach crunches(仰卧起坐). Some can even cause injury — like the $518.99 Body Shaper-Q8SP, which left electrical burns on some researchers at the University of Wisconsin, La Crosse. Others, like the popular Ab-Doer, typically burn less energy than a gentle walk, according to a study to be published in September by the American Council on Exercise.

The fact is that many Americans don't have the biological makeup to develop an obvious abdominal muscles. They are either unable to get the necessary muscle mass or they can't lose enough fat to make a difference. Even if the underlying muscles are well developed, all it takes to hide it is one-sixteenth of an inch of fat. That's enough to exclude most healthy women as well as plenty of guys who do crunches every day.

So what works best? In its new study, the exercise experts researched on the results of the popular Ab-Doer. A lengthy TV advertisement promises that just 10 minutes a day performing such movements as "Body Boogies" and "Good Mornings" will "help form those muscles the fun and easy way without diets." Steven Loy, professor at California State University, Northridge, tested the promise by measuring the electrical activity produced by the abdominal muscles during three Ab-Doer movements. He and his colleagues then compared the results with those produced during traditional exercises. They determined that the muscles were no more active, and in some cases less so, when exercisers were using the Ab-Doer.

Taking a broader approach, researchers at San Diego State University compared 13 abdominal exercises for their ability to develop the central abdominal muscles. They concluded, in a report published in May, that the most effective exercises kept turning the body and worked the muscles the entire time. Among the winners: the bicycle movements — so called because it looks as if you are riding a bike while lying flat on the floor — and exercises performed on the "Captain's Chair", a product typically found in gyms that helps hold the body in the air while you raise your legs up toward your chest. Researchers suggested that a varied routine of the different exercises could deliver the best results.

1.Which of the following is the most effective in building abdominal muscles?

A．Torso Track.B．Captain's Chair.

C．Ab-Doer.D．Body Shaper-Q8SP.

2.According to the author, it's difficult for many Americans to get visible firm abdominal muscles mainly because ________.

A．how big their muscles will be is determined by birth

B．they change their exercise routine regularly

C．injuries interrupt their exercise frequently

D．they do not put in enough efforts

3.The author convinces the readers by ________.

A．describing successful cases

B．presenting findings of researches

C．offering comments directly from exercisers

D．comparing advertisements of products

4.What's the main purpose of this passage?

A．To sponsor rich healthy lifestyle based on advanced product research.

B．To indicate that diet and exercises are necessary factors for a fit midsection.

C．To promote proven exercise techniques and to advise against false advertisements.

D．To research and develop in order to create the perfect stomach and exercise machine.

SAN FRANCISCO—Only 21 percent of workers worldwide are “engaged”—that's the word used to describe workers who are ready to expend some extra effort at work—while 38 percent are disengaged, according to a new survey.

“Engagement is not satisfaction or happiness, but the degree to which workers connect to the company emotionally, and the degree to which workers are aware of what they need to do to add value and are willing to take that action," said Julie Gebauer, a managing director of Towers Perrin, a consulting firm, which surveyed almost 90,000 workers in 19 countries.

“Happy employees don't necessarily create better financial results, but there is a definite link between engagement and a company's financial performance,” Gebauer said.

The survey found 21 percent of workers worldwide are engaged, and another 41 percent are “enrolled”, which means they're on the road to engagement.

More than 80 percent of the engaged employees say they contribute to the quality of company products, services and customer satisfaction, while only 40 percent of disengaged workers agree.

Engagement helps retention(留置) too. About 50 percent of engaged employees say they have no plans to leave their company versus 15 percent of the disengaged.

“The fact that almost 80 percent of workers are disengaged is likely costing companies money." Gebauer said.

“The conception of engagement is really a financial issue," said Gebauer. ‘Organizations that have employees that are highly engaged deliver better financial results than those that don't."

In a separate study, Towers Perrin assessed data on 40 global companies over a three-year period, measuring employee engagement at a certain point and then looking at the companies' financial results over the following three years.

Companies with highly motivated workers enjoyed a 3.7 percent increase in profits, while companies with a lower level of worker commitment saw a decrease in profits slightly.

What makes for an engaged employee? It's not necessarily pay. While the level of pay is important, it's not among the top 10 drivers of engagement. Rather than only using the pay, companies should survey their work force, much as they might study their customers, to assess what employees are seeking.

1.The underlined word “enrolled” in Paragraph 4 means ________.

A. engagedB. disengaged

C. over-engagedD. not yet but to be engaged

2.According to the text, among 500 disengaged employees, how many would probably have the intention of leaving their company?

A. 50.B. 75.C. 250.D. 425.

3.What would probably be talked about following the last paragraph?

A. The top ten drivers of engagement.

B. The reason to encourage engagement.

C. The importance of the pay level in engagement.

D. The survey of work force in a company.

Our house was directly across the street from the clinic entrance of John Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore. We lived downstairs and rented the upstairs rooms to the patients at the clinic.

One evening as I was fixing supper, there was a knock at the door. I opened it to see a truly awful-looking man. He’s hardly taller than my eight-year-old son. “Good evening. I’ve come to see if you’ve a room. I came for a treatment this morning from the eastern shore, and there’s no bus till morning.” He told me he’d been hunting for a room since noon but with no success. “I guess it’s my face…I know it looks terrible, but my doctor says with a few more treatments…” For a moment I hesitated, but his next words convinced me: “I could sleep in this chair on the porch. My bus leaves early in the morning.”

I told him we would find him a bed. When I had finished the dishes, I talked with him. He told me he fished for a living to support his five children, and his wife, who was hopelessly crippled (残疾的) from a back injury. He didn’t tell it by way of complaint. Next morning, just before he left, as if asking a great favor, he said, “Could I come back and stay the next time?” He added, “Your children made me feel at home.”

On his next trip he arrived a little after seven in the morning. As a gift, he brought a big fish and the largest oysters (牡蛎) I had ever seen. I knew his bus left at 4:00 a.m. and I wondered what time he had to get up in order to do this for us.

In the years he came to stay overnight with us and there was never a time that he did not bring us vegetables from his garden. I know our family always will be grateful to have known him; from him we learned how to accept the bad without complaint when facing the misfortune.

1.Why did the author agree to let the man spend the night in his house at last?

A. Because the man said others refused to accommodate him.

B. Because the man said he would not cause much inconvenience.

C. Because the man said he had come from the eastern shore.

D. Because the man said he had been hunting for a room since noon.

2.How long would it take the man to travel from his home to Baltimore by bus?

A. About 1 hour.B. About 2 hours.

C. About 3 hours.D. About 4 hours.

3.From the text we can know that __________.

A. the author’s children were kind and friendly to the man

B. the man was fed up with his hard-work and his family

C. John Hopkins Hospital provided rooms for the patients to live in

D. the author and his family were thought highly of by his neighbors

4.The author’s family were grateful to know the man because __________.

A. he often brought them fish and vegetables from his garden

B. he paid them money for his staying

C. he taught them how to accept the bad without complaint

D. he stayed only overnight with the writer’s family

An idea that started in Seattle's public library has spread throughout America and beyond．The concept is simple: help to build a sense of community in a city by getting everyone to read the same book at the same time.

In addition to encouraging reading as a pursuit (追求) to be enjoyed by all, the program allows strangers to communicate by discussing the book on the bus, as well as promoting reading as an experience to be shared in families and schools．The idea came from Seattle librarian Nancy Pearl who launched (发起）the "If All of Seattle Read the Same Book " project in 1998．Her original program used author visits, study guides and book discussion groups to bring people together with a book, but the idea has since expanded to many other American cities, and even to Hong Kong.

In Chicago, the mayor appeared on television to announce the choice of To Kill a Mockingbird as the first book in the "One Book, One Chicago" program．As a result, reading clubs and neighborhood groups sprang up around the city．Across the US, stories emerged of parents and children reading to each other at night and strangers chatting away on the bus about plot and character．

The only problem arose in New York, where local readers could not decide on one book to represent the huge and diverse population. This may show that the idea works best in medium-sized cities or large towns, where a greater sense of unity(一致）can be achieved. Or it may show that New Yorkers rather missed the point, putting all their energy and passion into the choice of the book rather than discussion about a book itself.

Ultinatelas Nancy points out, the level of success is not measured by how many people read a book, but by how many people are enriched by the process, or have enjoyed speaking to someone with whom they would not otherwise have shared a word.

1.What is the purpose of the project launched by Nancy?

A．To invite authors to guide readers.

B．To encourage people to read and share.

C．To involve people in community service.

D．To promote the friendship between cities.

2.Why was it difficult for New Yorkers to carry out the project?

A．They had little interest in reading.

B．They were too busy to read a book.

C．They came from many different backgrounds

D．They lacked support from the local government

3.According to the passage, where would the project be more easily carried out?

A．In large communities with little sense of unity.

B．In large cities where libraries are far from home.

C．In medium-sized cities with a diverse population.

D．In large towns where agreement can be quickly reached.

4.According to Nancy, the degree of students of the project is judged by ________.

A．the careful selection of a proper book

B．the growing popularity of the writers

C．the number of people who benefit from reading.

D．the number of books that each person reads.