7．Every living thing has genes．Genes carry information．（36）G They make sure that humans give birth to humans and cows give birth to cows．They also make sure that a dog doesn't give birth to a frog，or an elephant to a horse．However，genetic engineers take genes from one species-for example，a snake，and transfer them to another-for example，corn． （37）F Such new life forms have been described，by some scientists as a real-life Frankenstein．
Genetic engineers put duck genes into chicken to make the chickens bigger．They put hormones（激素）into cows to make them produce more milk．They put genes from flowers into beans and from fish into tomatoes．（38）C It just makes them easier and faster for the farmer to grow．
The effects of genetic engineering on the natural world may be disastrous．The engineers may create strange life beings，or monsters．that we cannot contro1． （39）D They'11have to find one，fight for one-or kill for one．It may be your land they fight for-or you that they kill．Moreover，the effects of these experiments can often be cruel．In America，pigs were given human genes to make them bigger and less fatty．The experiment failed．The pigs became very ill and began to lose their eyesight．
We would all like a better，healthier and longer life，and genetic engineering might give us this．On the other hand，it may be a dangerous experiment with nature．In the story of Frankenstein，the doctor created such a terrible and dangerous monster that he had to destroy it．（40）B

A．The information tells us what to do or what not to do．
B．We must make sure that this tale remains a story-and no more than that．
C．This doesn't make them cheaper，tastier，or healthier．
D．The new life forms have no natural habitat or home．
E．Then they feed the tomatoes to the fish．
F．In this way a new life form is created．
G．They are passed on from generation to generation．

6．I was born on the last day of February．I've always felt sorry for February，squeezed between the big months of January（named for the Roman god Janus，keeper of gateways）and March（after Mars，the god of war）．
The first Roman calendar，it is said，had 10months and no February．Beginning at the vernal equinox（春分）with March，it ended with December．In an agricultural society，winter was of little importance，and thus went undivided．
January and February were added about 700B．C．by the second king of Rome，Numa Pompilius．He made all the months 29or 31days，but shortened February，the last month of the year，by giving it only 28．
Next，it was the church's turn．In 1582Pope Gregory XIII announced a new calendar in Europe．Many changes were made，but the Pope passed up yet another chance to give February equality with the other months．
It's messy，even dangerous，changing how we measure time，but Pope Gregory was hardly the last one to try．The League of Nations received over 150new calendar designs，and the United Nations has considered more proposals since．Each proposal involves something that supposedly modernizes the calendar．
But I have a simpler proposal that won't lead to chaos，and will correct the historical injustices against February：move the last day of January and the last day of March into February to make it a normal month with 30days，and a respectable 31on leap years（闰年）．This would not add or subtract a single day from the calendar year．It's a great idea．And unlike Julius and Augustus，I won't even demand a month named in my honor．
29．The first Roman calendar had only 10months becauseD．
A．February hated to be squeezed between the big months
B．the god of war always fought with January and February
C．the Romans did not like the cold winter weather
D．it was Considered unnecessary to divide winter
30．Which of the following is closest to Numa Pompilius'calendar？C

31．The writer soundsBin the passage．
A．sad    B．humorous    C．happy D．angry．

5．Students in that school are enthusiastic about community activities ______ they can gain  experience for growth．（　　）

A．

that

B．

when

C．

which

D．

where

4．How do predators （猎食动物） affect populations of the prey （猎物） animals？The answer is not as simple as might be thought．The Moose（麋鹿） reached Isle Royale in Lake Superior by crossing over winter ice and bred freely there in isolation without predators．When wolves later reached the island，naturalists widely assumed that the wolves would play a key role in controlling the moose population．Careful studies have demonstrated，however，that this is not the case．The wolves eat mostly old or diseased animals that would not survive long anyway．In general，the moose population is controlled by food availability，disease and other factors rather than by wolves．
When experimental populations are set up under simple laboratory conditions，the predator often wipes out its prey and then becomes extinct itself．However，if safe areas like those prey animals have in the wild are provided，the prey population drops to low level but not extinction．Low prey population levels then provide inadequate food for the predators，causing the predator population to decrease．When this occurs，the prey population can rebound．In this situation the predator and prey population may continue in this cyclical pattern for some time．
Population cycles are characteristic of small mammals，and they sometimes appear to be brought about by predators．Ecologists studying hare populations have found that the North American snowshoe hare follows a roughly ten-year cycle．Its numbers fall tenfold to thirty in a typical cycle，and a hundredfold change can occur．Two factors appear to be generating the cycle：food plants and predators．
The preferred foods of snowshoe hares are tender willow branches．As the hare population increases，the quantity of these branches decreases，forcing the hares to feed on low-quality high-fiber food．Lower birth rates and low growth rates follow，so there is a corresponding decline in hare abundance．Once the hare population has declined，it takes two to three year for the quantity of branches to recover．
A key predator of the snowshoe hare is the Canada lynx．The Canada lynx shows a ten-year cycle of abundance（大量） that parallels the abundance cycle of hares．As hare numbers fall，so do lynx numbers，as their food supply decreased．
Predators are an essential factor in maintaining communities that are rich and diverse in species．Without predators，the species that is the best competitor for food，shelter，and other environmental resources tends to dominate and exclude the species with which it competes．This phenomenon is known as"competitor exclusion"．However，if the community contains a predator of the strongest competitor species，then the population of that competitor is controlled．Thus even the less competitive species are able to survive．From the stand point of diversity（多样性），it is usually a mistake to eliminate a major predator from a community．

73．The author uses the example of the moose and wolves on Isle Royale toB．
A．provide evidence that predators influence prey populations
B．question the belief in the effect of predators on prey populations
C．demonstrate predator population grows faster than that of the prey
D．prove that studies of isolated populations tend to be useful
74．The word"rebound"in the passage is closest in meaning toD．
A．React
B．Resist
C．Remain
D．Recover
75．Which of the following is true according to the passage？A
A．Laboratory results can't explain the changes in predator and prey populations of the wild．
B．The growth of hare population may lead to a corresponding increase in its birth rates．
C．The experimental environments can promote the growth of predator and prey populations．
D．The existence of a major predator in a community is a threat to the diversity of species．
76．What can we conclude from the passage about the cycle of the Canada lynx？C
A．When hare numbers decrease，lynx numbers increase．
B．It has a great effect on the number of snowshoe hare．
C．It closely follows the cycle of the snowshoe hare．
D．It is not directly related to the availability of lynx food．
77．What is the best title of this passage？B
A．What role predators play in keeping competitor species．
B．Whether predators have an impact on prey populations．
C．A study of the populations of the predator and prey animals．
D．Contributing factors of the changes in animal populations．

3．Examination compositions，together with most business letters and government reports，
are the main situations ________ formal language is used．（　　）

A．

where

B．

why

C．

which

D．

what

2．For most of the eight years they have been married，Ryan has never received a hug from his wife，Tracy．He has not even received a（11）B"hello"or a smile．Tracy has been（12）C  since 2008．But this is not a story about the（13）Doutcome of a young lady．Rather，it is about a man who has stayed（14）Ato his wife，nursing her night and day，making sure she is as （15）Aas possible．
Ryan and Tracy（16）C  in a friend's home in 2003．"She was beautiful and interesting to talk to，"Ryan says of his first （17）Aof Tracy．In 2005，they got married and were very happy．However，a call put the couple's life in （18）Ba month after their daughter was born．Ryan was at work when a neighbour called to inform him that Tracy had been （19）Bto the hospital．
（20）C，he ran to the hospital．When he got there，he knew his （21）Dhad been treated for fever．However，the fever did not（22）B  after Tracy received the medical treatment．
Tracy's breathing became laboured and was （23）Dto speak．The medical exammation （24）Ashe developed an infection damaging her nerve system．Tracy went into a coma （昏迷）and a few days later，though she regained consciousness，she （25）Ccould not move her lower legs．"she was admitted to hospital for four months and （26）Adoctors did all they could，her （27）Cgot worse，"Ryan says．She could no longer （28）Dher legs，and lost the ability to give voices．
"Those four months are the most （29）Btime I have ever had．I have never stopped hoping and praying she will regain her（30）D，"Ryan Isays with a smile，"I miss her laughter，and wonder what kind of a mother she would be to our daughter．"

11．A．happy	B．simple	C．different	D．basic
12．A．weak	B．alone	C．ill	D．cruel
13．A．magic	B．exciting	C．unexpected	D．sad
14．A．true	B．strange	C．rude	D．useful
15．A．comfortable	B．special	C．safe	D．conscious
16．A．married	B．stayed	C．met	D．worked
17．A．impression	B．expression	C．discussion	D．attention
18．A．danger	B．trouble	C．surprise	D．silence
19．A．dashed	B．rushed	C．pushed	D．carried
20．A．Angry	B．Confident	C．Anxious	D．Proud
21．A．daughter	B．friend	C．neighbor	D．wife
22．A．slow down	B．go down	C．look down	D．burn down
23．A．ready	B．eager	C．unwilling	D．unable
24．A．revealed	B．repeated	C．agreed	D．admitted
25．A．even	B．instead	C．still	D．again
26．A．though	B．after	C．since	D．when
27．A．attitude	B．examination	C．condition	D．pain
28．A．clean	B．remove	C．touch	D．move
29．A．wonderful	B．difficult	C．ridiculous	D．important
30．A．position	B．power	C．confidence	D．health．

1．A recent survey in the United States showed that the average family spent more money on its pets than on its children．Although rather shocking，it should not surprise anyone who has seen the doggy parlors（客厅） where loved pets rest．Are Americans unique in treating their little friends in this way？No，the English，too，pay more attention to their pets．
This can clearly be seen when we look at pet foods，which often contain more vitamins than human food．They certainly cost much．Last year the British public spent two hundred million pounds on pet food alone，to say nothing of veterinary bills or animal furniture．It is difficult not to feel angry about this when considering what the same amount could do for victims of starvation and poverty，so it is not unusual for me to get hot under collar when I read an old man left all his money to his dog instead of his children．
There are a variety of reasons why I find pets-raising alarming．They cause physical problems．An example of this is New York where they have great difficulty getting rid of the mess that dogs leave on the streets．Many people find this funny，but in a number of large cities it is a major problem．Animals can cause disease，too．It is the threat of rabies-a disease with no known cure．
Another problem is the carelessness of pet owners．Most little children want a dog or a cat，and they continually push their mothers and fathers until they get one．It is only when the"sweet little thing"has been brought home that the parents realize how much time and money must be spent on"Rover"or"Bonzo"．Then they just abandon it．As a result，they are allowed to run free．English farmers lose hundreds of sheep a year，killed by someone's pet and you must have read of children being hurt by some pets of their own．
Lastly，I would only suggest that we have got our priorities wrong and that something should be done about it．In my view，it's time we stopped being sentimental about pets．I can see no reason why we should get upset when animals are cut up for medical experiments．This will lead us to discovering cures for serious human diseases，then I say，"keep cutting!"

43．The doggy parlors are mentioned in the 1st paragraph to showB．
A．where Americans keep their pets
B．what costly lives the pets are living
C．why children love their pets so much
D．how much pets depend on their masters
44．In the second paragraph"to get hot under the collar"probably meansB．
A．getting quite hot                                
B．feeling overwhelmingly angry
C．becoming excited                                 
D．receiving a fashionable shirt
45．According to the author，in which field can animals be most useful？C
A．Pet．
B．Food．
C．Medicine．
D．Sports．
46．What is author's attitude towards pets-raising？C
A．Pitiful．
B．Neutral．
C．Opposed．
D．Supportive．

20．Seated in his well-decorated office，whose expansive windows _______ the Arabian Sea，the new CEO Alukkas seems pleased and ambitious．（　　）

A．

border

B．

overlook

C．

enlarge

D．

block

19．-I feel really disappointed not to have got the job．
-Don't worry，maybe something better will _______．（　　）

A．

put up

B．

take on

C．

come along

D．

fall down

18．Tina woke up early and immediately her thought turned to what happened yesterday．Her boss told her that she would be getting a（61）promotion（promote）．He explained that her extraordinary enthusiasm（62）and tireless effort had made her just the type of person he needed．
Tina smiled（63）remembering（remember） his words and she felt proud of herself．She got up，smiled in the mirror and practically danced to the train station．（64）Onthe way people noticed her mood and smiled at（65）her．Some wished her a good day．At the tram everybody around her suddenly felt the urge（66）to smile（smile）．
Strangers on the train started conversations with each other．Tina was（67）surprised （surprise）．Were all these people feeling her happiness？On her way to the office she（68saw （see） herself in a store window．Her whole face was glowing（发光）．（69）Suddenly （sudden） she realized that her smiling face might have been responsible for all the joy．This thought made Tina even（70）happier（happy）．She was ready to face the first day of her new position in the company and she brought with her the memory of the impact she had on all those"strangers on a train"．