18．People become quite illogical when they try to decide what can be eaten and what cannot be eaten． If you lived in the Mediterranean，for example，you would consider octopus （章鱼）a great delicacy （佳肴）． You would not be able to understand why some people find it repulsive（令人讨厌的）． On the other hand，your stomach would turn at the idea of frying potatoes in animal fat---the normally accepted practice in many northern countries． The sad truth is that most of us have been brought up to eat certain foods and we stick to them all our lives．
  No creature has received more praise and abuse than the common garden snail （蜗牛）．Cooked in wine，snails are a great luxury in various parts of the world． There are countless people who，ever since their early years，have learned to associate snails with food．
As my friend，Robert's flat is in a large town，he has no garden of his own． For years he has been asking me to collect snails from my garden and take them to him． The idea never appealed to me very much，but one day，after a heavy shower，I happened to be walking in my garden when I noticed a huge number of snails on some of my favorite plants． Acting on a sudden impulse （冲动），I collected several dozen，put them in a paper bay，and took them to Robert． Robert was delighted to see me and equally pleased with my little gift． I left the bag in the hall and Robert and 1 went into the living room where we talked for a couple of hours．I had forgotten all about the snails when Robert suddenly said that I must stay to dinner．Snails would，of course，be the main dish． I did not fancy the idea and 1 reluctantly （不情愿地） followed Robert out of the room． To our surprise，we saw that there were snails everywhere：they had escaped from the paper bag and had taken complete possession of the hall!I have never been able to look at a snail since then．
68． We can infer from Paragraph 3 that when collecting the snails，the writerB
  A． was glad that he could share them with his friend
  B． didn't think much about the result and it was just a sudden wish
  C． was excited about being able to give his friend a surprise
  D． was depressed because it was hard to catch them all
69． The writer finds that snailsC
  A． are as delicious as octopus                 B．are disliked in his hometown
  C． are the most controversial（有争议的） food  D．are as popular as fried potatoes'
70． According to the passage，people love different foods mainly becauseD
  A． they live in different places
  B． they have the same genes as their parents
  C． they have different understandings of delicacies
  D． they learn to eat certain foods in their families
71． What's the best title for the passage？C
  A．Foods and cultures                      
  B．Snail and octopus
  C．One man's meat is another man's poison      
  D．People are illogical in front of delicacies．

17．Almost anywhere in the world，you can probably see graffiti （涂鸦画）．Although it's usually more common in big cities，it can be found in almost any community，big or small．
The problem with graffiti art is the question of whether it's really art．This isn't always an easy question to answer，simply because there are so many different types of graffiti．While some simply consists of collections of letters，known as tags，with little artistic value，such examples are easy to find，especially on larger spaces such as walls．
If it weren't for the fact that most graffiti is placed on private property without permission，it might be more commonly recognized as a legal form of art．Most graffiti，however，annoys the property owner，who is more likely to paint over it or remove it than accept it as art．
Many ways of removing graffiti have been developed，such as paints that  dissolve graffiti paint，or make it easy to remove．Community groups and government departments often organize graffiti-removal teams．
It hardly makes sense to encourage artists to deface （丑化） private or public property； but perhaps there are ways to work with them rather than just oppose them．Graffiti artists can，for example，create murals （壁画） for property owners，and get paid for them．
Maybe we need to start at a very basic level，and find a way to encourage the creation of graffiti art on paper or canvas rather than on walls．After all，who would remember Monet or Picasso if they'd created their masterpieces on walls，only to have them painted over the next day？Finding a solution to such a complex problem is never going to be easy，but with more and more graffiti art being recognized in galleries around the world，we do need to try．

66．What would be the best title for this passage？D
A．How to Be a Good Graffiti Artist．B．Stop Removing Graffiti!
C．Do You Like Graffiti？D．Is Graffiti Art？
67．The reason why people remove graffiti is that itA．
A．makes buildings ugly                  B．has no artistic value at all
C．robs private property                   D．takes up too much space
68．In Paragraph 4，the underlined word"dissolve"is closest in meaning toC．
A．change         B．flow          C．remove           D．freeze
69．The example of Monet and Picasso are mentioned in the passage to indicate thatD．
A．they are world-famous artists
B．they are good at graffiti
C．walls are right places to keep their masterpieces
D．their works，if painted on the wall，might not be kept long
70．The writer's attitude toward graffiti is that graffitiD．
A．should be removed by more countries      B．should be saved on larger spaces
C．should be created only on paper or canvas     D．may be accepted as art．

16．A Korean wave is sweeping across China，and You Who Came From The Star and The Heirs have been subjects of hot online discussions throughout Asia．Besides，the book，The Miraculous Journey of Edward Tulane，read by the hero in You Who Came From The Star was a hard-to-get item on Amazon for a while．
After the enormous craze generated by Great Jang-Geum in 2003，the resurgence （复活） of South Korean TV dramas can be attributed to the joint efforts of the country's government and TV series makers．The South Korean government issued regulations saying at least 80percent of the TV programs had to be domestically produced．It also fixed the minimum number of homemade TV series to be broadcast in the country．That not only helped South Korean TV productions gain a firm foothold in the domestic market，but also laid the foundation for their successful attempt into overseas markets．
Recent years have seen great innovations in South Korean TV productions in terms of themes and narrative patterns．Take You Who Came From The Star as an example．Although aliens visiting Earth is an often-used theme，You Who Came From The Star's script remains logical and fast-paced．It mixes the plot with romance and murder and keeps the audience guessing about how the story will unfold．When it comes to love stories，the new South Korean teleplays no longer use the sorrow card； instead，they introduce them with unpredictable ideas and romantic punch lines．
The three TV stations，SBS，KBS and MBC，control the majority of South Korean TV market，each specializing in a different area and appealing to people of different ages．The productions are smooth and use advanced technologies such as high-speed photography and computer-generated effects，creating a real-life visual impact．
Moreover，the filming for South Korean productions generally starts when the scripts （剧本） are just one-third ready．Many popular productions have their own websites，where scriptwriters post part of the finished scripts，inviting viewers to leave messages，discuss the plot and come up with suggestions for future series．This not only keeps viewers'interest in the TV dramas alive，but also helps scriptwriters and directors make changes to the storylines to suit the audience's demand．
Hopefully，the success of South Korean TV programs will prompt Chinese TV drama makers to think up new ideas and abandon their bad practice of copying foreign productions in order to attract more viewers at home，and possibly abroad．

67．According to the passage，which of the following is NOT one South Korean TV drama？C
A．You Who Came From The Star．               B．The Heirs．
C．The Miraculous Journey of Edward Tulane．  D．Great Jang-Geum．
68．Why are most of South Korean TV programs required to be produced within South Korea？C
A．Because the TV programs produced out of South Korea are poorly made．
B．Because they can't match up to better produced works from other countries．
C．Because South Korean TV series are encouraged to promote its development．
D．Because just South Korea can provide enough TV market for them．
69．What kind of ending does You Who Came From The Star probably have？D
A．Sad and surprising．  B．Violent and frightening．
C．Romantic and sad．    D．Romantic and happy．
70．What's the advantage of South Korean TV programs over Chinese TV dramas？D
A．Government's support．  B．Often-used theme．
C．Different technologies． D．Changeable scripts．

15．February 27is International Polar Bear Day，which celebrates everyone's favorite furry beasts of the Arctic．In honor of the occasion，Live Science brings you some wacky facts about the furry beasts．
The bears are tiny when they're born，weighing only about 0.5kg．However，An adult male polar bear typically weighs between 351to 544kilograms，or the weight of about five to seven men．The largest polar bear ever recorded was a male weighing 1，000kg，according to Polar Bear International．By contrast，adult females weigh only half as much as males，or 50to 295kg．
If a polar bear doesn't eat for seven to 10days，it can slow its metabolism （新陈代谢） until it finds its next meal．They survive off of fat reserves from their diet，which consists mostly of seals．But climate change is making food more scarce and driving some bears to kill themselves．
The bears don't sleep in winter，but mother bears live in habitats while they raise their babies．While mama bears are in their habitats （generally between January and March），they don't eat or drink．
Although polar bears appear white，their fur is actually transparent．It only appears white，because it reflects visible light．Under their fur，polar bear skin is actually black．To humans and other animals that can see only in visible light，the bears appear to blend in with their snowy surroundings．But reindeer，which polar bears sometimes hunt for，can see in ultraviolet light （紫外线），which makes polar bears stand out from their snowy environment．
Polar bears have a keen sense of smell，which they use to find prey．A polar bear can sniff out a seal on the ice 32kilometers away，and can smell a seal's breathing hole in the ice more than half a mile away，according to the National Zoo．
Polar bears rely on sea ice to hunt，and studies predict that global warming could melt enough sea ice to lead to the disappearance of two-thirds of polar bears by 2050．The decline in sea ice has forced the bears to swim longer distances，consuming energy they cannot afford to use．
The United States listed polar bears as a threatened species under the Endangered Species Act in May 2008，and Canada and Russia have listed them as a species of special concern．Unless climate change slows，eventually there may not be any bears around to celebrate Polar Bear Day．

51．The underlined word"wacky"in the first paragraph probably meansB．
A．ridiculous          B．unusual       C．strange          D．common
52．We can learn from the passage thatA．
A．Male Polar bears can weigh as much as half a dozen men
B．Only mother bears can go days without eating
C．Polar bears'fur is white and their skin is black．
D．Polar bears have a sharp sense of smell and sight．
53．In the eyes of reindeer，polar bears areC．
A．white          B．transparent           C．black         D．purple
54．What mainly causes the possibility that two-thirds of polar bears may disappear by 2050？D
A．Scarce food．B．energy-consuming swimming．
C．Too much ice water．D．Global warming．

14．San Francisco's Chinatown is the biggest and oldest in the country．It's the third most visited tourist destination in the city．It's also the city's most densely populated neighbor-hood．So why are．businesses in Chinatown struggling？
   In this week's paper，I outline some of the reasons for why Chinatown's crowded streets and busy shops might be declining．Underneath the surface，Chinatown is falling．And the city，local organizations and businesses are trying to figure out what they can do to turn things around．
While numbers of people visit Chinatown，they don't stay long and they don't spend a lot of money．And beyond annual festivals，1ike Chinese New Years，this month's Moon Festival and last month's Sunday Streets-which drew about 15，000 t0 20.000 people-the neighborhood has a hard time attracting locals．
Can you remember the last．time you went to Chinatown？If you can't，You're not alone．Locals told me that Chinatown doesn't have much to offer them-that the stores are all the same．There are some good eating joints，people said，but they don't know how to find them．Some people even told me that they sometimes go to extreme measures to avoid the neighborhood altogether．But when asked if the-v would like to see Chinatown gone，the answer was always a strong no．
Locals are hopeful that things will get better and traffic will increase when the Central Subway is complete．But chat's not for another five years．at least．And if'new shops or restaurants don't make their way into Chinatown．the same problem of attracting locals will exist．
   Not that Chinatown's going to die．The dragon still has some fire in its belly．And many people are rooting for positive change．The question is，how does Chinatown change without losing the very importance of what makes it unique？
29．Which can we know about Chinatown according to the passage？C
A．Businesses in Chinatown are going well．
B．Local people like going shopping there．
C．A great number of people visit it every year．
D．No period has seen a more prosperous Chinatown．
30．According to the locals we can know thatB
A．Chinatown doesn't love to offer them assistance
B．shops in Chinatown lack their own characteristics
C．it is hard to buy quality goods at proper prices
D．they feel annoyed to see so many familiar faces
31．What is the author's attitude towards Chinatown？C
A．Negative．B．Sympathy．C．Hopeful．D．Indifferent．
32．It can be inferred from the passageA
A．the Central Subway is under construction
B．Chinatown has to make way for subway
C．many restaurants have been closed down
D．the locals hope Chinatown will be extinct．

13．A decades-old tradition，illustrated in a modem children's book，links the sweetness of honey with the joy of learning to read．
The grandpa held a jar of honey so that all the family could see．He then dipped a spoon into it and put some honey on the cover of a small book．
The little girl had just turned five．Stand up，little one，"he asked the girl softly．"I did this for your mother，your uncles，your
old brother，and now you!"
Then，he handed the book to her．"Taste f"
She touched the honey with her finger and put it into her mouth．
"What  is  the  taste？"the  grandpa  asked．
The little girl answered，"Sweet!"
Then all．the family said in a single voice，"Yes，and so is knowledge，but knowledge is from the bee that made that sweet honey，you have to go after it through the pages of a book!"The little girl knew that the promise to read was at last hers．Soon she was going to learn to read．
This is the beginning of a profoundly moving children's book entitled Thank You，Mr．Falker．
In this book，Patricia Polacco writes of her own passion to read，inspired by the honey on the book．It wasn't until fifth grade that she met her beloved teacher who provided the help that she needed to finally unlock the magic of the written world．
The child learning to read is admitted into a collective memory by way of books．And with the printed words that are active with．meaning，the child bees acquainted（熟悉的） with a common past which he or she renews，to a greater or lesser degree，in every reading．Much as the author of the book Thank You，Mr．Falker puts it，"Almost as if it were magic，or as if light poured into her brain，the words and sentences started to take shape on the page as they never had before-And she understood the whole thing---Then she went into the living room and found the book on a shelf，the very book that her grandpa had shown her so many years ago．She spooned  honey on the cover and tasted the sweetness---Then she held the book，honey and all，close to her chest．She could feel tears roll down her cheeks，but they weren't tears of sadness-she way happy，so very happy．"

28．The girl who tasted the honey on the book wasC．
A．nearly six years old                     B．less than five years old
C．a little more than five years old        D．more than six years old
29．It can be inferred from this passage thatD．
A．the girl's mother and uncles were good scholars
B．Mr．Falker helped Patricia Polacco write her book for children．
C．the girl who tasted the honey on the book grew into an artist
D．the honey-on-book tradition has been practiced for many generations
30．The book entitled Thank You，Mr．Falker is aboutC．
A．the early life of Mr．Falker
B．the magic power of oral words on children
C．Polacco's early experience with reading
D．how the honey on the book makes children feel happy
31．The last paragraph implies that the happiness of the little girl came fromA．
A．the ability to read books               B．the honey she tasted
C．the book her grandpa had shown her      D．the collective memory that accepted her．

12．The connection shared by grandparents and grandchildren is something very special and despite the changing family situation，it still remains strong across generations．For most of us，our grandparents were our first best friends，the ones with whom we shared our secrets and our pain．
In majority of the cases，grandparents would have babysat their grandchildren while parents were busy working and didn't have much time for their children．Even as a kid grows up，the love and affection for grandparents never dies，and for many teens，visiting grandparents or living with them in the same house is a pleasure．Kedar Patwary，a mass communication student，says，"I often end up having long conversations with my grandfather about the evolution of Indian society and I really admire him for the patience with which he answers all my questions．"
     Many teenagers feel that their parents treat them as grown-ups，while their grandparents give them much freedom．
Leela Narayanan，a grandmother．says that she loves to pamper her grandchildren and cook favorite dishes for them．She further adds that her eldest granddaughter，who is now 19，was brought up by her till she was four and the closeness they shared remains the same even now．
     At times，the gap m generations plays a negative role，when grandparents find it difficult adjusting to the modern lifestyle．Technology is what works against this relationship．Youngsters'eing crazy about with gadgets leaves them with no time for their loved ones．
     Maria Kutty，is a grandmother t0 12 kids．Her face lights up every time her grandchildren are mentioned．But she has one complaint．"All my children stay close to me but when they come to visit and I want to spend time with them，I can't find them anywhere．They only have time for clickety-clackety things in their hands．Sometimes they listen to loud music and talk about things I don't understand．I feel very sad when I think of all those times，"she says．
21．The author uses Kedar Patwary as an exampleC．
A．to show Indian society is full of perfect harmony
B．to stress all the children admire their grandparents
C．to show grandparents get on well with grandchildren
D．to indicate grandparents are all good babysitters
22．What does the underlined word"pamper"mean in the passage？A
A．Spoil．B．Raise．C．Manage．D．Educate．
23．The gap generation sometimes is negative becauseC．
A．grandchildren can't fit in with modern lifestyle
B．grandparents are eager to know more technology
C．grandchildren are addicted to their digital products
D．grandparents spared no time with their grandchildren
24．How does the author develop the passage？A
A．By giving example．
B．By following the order of time．
C．By making comparisons．
D．By his personal experience．

11．Teachers say the digital age has had a good influence-and a not-so-good influence-on this generation of American teenagers．More than 2，000 teachers took an online survey．Three-quarters of the teachers said the Internet and digital search tools have had a"mostly positive"effect on their students'research habits and skills．But 64 percent said the technologies"do more to distract（使------分心） students than to help them academically．"And 87 percent agreed that these technologies are creating an"easily distracted generation with short attention spans．"
The Pew Internet Project did the survey with the National Writing Project．Judy Buchanan is the vice director of the National Writing Project and a co-author of the report．Ms．Buchanan says digital research tools are helping students learn more and faster．"Teachers really favor these tools because they are ways to make some of the learning exciting and engaging．Young people favor these tools．The goal is to really help them become creators of meaningful content，and not just sort of consumers．"
But one problem the survey found is that many students lack digital literacy．They trust too muck of the information they find on the Internet．Judy says these students haven't developed the skills to determine the quality of online information．"It's something that really has to be taught and paid attention to．Because in a world in which things happen quickly，you do need to step back，reflect and analyze the information you have．"
Another problem is blamed on something that might not seem like a problem at all：being able to quickly find information online．Teachers say the result is a reduction in the desire and ability of their students to work hard to find answers．They say students are overly dependent on search engines and do not make enough use of printed books or research libraries．
Many teachers are also concerned that the Internet makes it easy for students to copy work done by others instead of using their own abilities．
32．The text mainly tells usD．
A．all the students use digital tools
B．the Internet is playing a key role
C．teachers encourage using digital tools
D．digital tools bring about benefits and problems
33．Which of the following best shows the structure of the text？A

34．The underlined sentence in the third paragraph probably meansD
A．students do not have the right digital tools
B．students do not always have access to the Internet
C．students haven't the ability to adjust themselves
D．students can't judge online information properly
35．Some students don't tend to work hard becauseA
A．they can get answers on the Internet quickly
B．printed books and libraries around aren't enough
C．the Internet can't make students concentrate
D．they can copy each others'work without being punished．

10．The recent publication of autobiographies by two of Britain's great scientists，biologist Richard Dawkins and physicist Stephen Hawking，is a wonderful opportunity to compare and contrast these two remarkable men．Surprisingly，they have rather more in common than we think．
Most striking is the similarity in their backgrounds．They were born in the early 1940s to middle class families---not wealthy but comfortably off，with a strong commitment to academic excellence and public service．Both families were keen to send their boys to Oxford University---and both succeeded，Dawkins studying zoology and Hawking physics．
Neither author has a very positive view of his early university life．Hawking describes the attitude at Oxford in the 1950s and 1960s as very anti-work，"You were supposed to either be brilliant without effort or fail．Hard work was looked down upon by students and we all pretended that nothing was worth making an effort for．"He estimates that he studied for no more than an hour a day as an undergraduate student （本科生）．
Undergraduate life was somewhat more rewarding for Dawkins．Like Hawking，he wasn't particularly hard-working and never attended his lectures．But he found Oxford's system of weekly essay-based lessons with an academic tutor useful，"It was really only the tutorial system that educated me．"
For both men，scientific life really got going as postgraduates after 1962．Dawkins，who remained at Oxford，describes brilliantly the academic competition among the postgraduate students，which he believed helped push him to develop the ideas that formed the basis of his most famous book，The Selfish Gene．This volume transformed scientific thinking about Darwinism evolution．
Hawking，on the other hand，moved to Cambridge University after graduation，where his research into the universe would eventually make him the most famous physicists since Albert Einstein．He writes movingly about the disease which progressively crippled his entire body，leaving him unable to move and only able to communicate using a computer controlled by his eyes．Although communication is slow---he can write only 3 words a minute using the machine---his illness has not affected his mind or his research on space-time and origins of the universe．
Each book is recommended individually as a personal introduction to an important scientific thinker．Read together，they provide a superb background to the academic and social climate of postwar British research．
 
41．Which of the following describes a similarity in Hawking's and Dawkins'backgrounds？D
A．They were both from wealthy families．
B．They studied the same subject in university．
C．They graduated from the same secondary school．
D．They both came from families that valued good education．
42．Why did Hawking study very little as an undergraduate student？B
A．He preferred doing his own research and experiments．
B．Students considered it inappropriate to study too much．
C．The materials discussed in lectures were very easy for him．
D．He was more interested in making friends with his classmates．
43．According to Dawkins，what helped him develop his most important ideas？D
A．His hard work as an undergraduate．
B．The support he received from his family．
C．The excellent tutors at Oxford University．
D．The competition from other postgraduate students．
44．What can we reasonably infer about the two scientists from the passage？D
A．Dawkins worked much harder than Hawking as an undergraduate．
B．Hawking is more respected by the scientific community．
C．They knew each other during their studies a t Oxford．
D．Hawing has experienced more physical difficulties．
45．What is the function of the last paragraph？B
A．To state which book the writer prefers．
B．To recommend the reviewed books to readers．
C．To summarize the achievements of the two scientists．
D．To suggest the order in which the books should be read．

9．No one knows why people dream，but some dreams might be connected to the mental processes that help us learn．In a recent study，scientists found a connection between nap-time （午睡时间） dreams and better memory in people who were learning a new skill．
So perhaps one way to learn something new is to practice，practise，practise---and then sleep on it．
"I was surprised by this finding，"Robert Stickgold，a Harvard University scientist who led the study．
In the study，100 college students each spent an hour on a computer，trying to get through a virtual maze （虚拟迷宫）．The maze was difficult，and the study participants had to start in a different place each time they tried---making it even more difficult．
Then，for the first 90 minutes of a five-hour break，half of the participants were required to stay awake while half were told to sleep．Participants who stayed awake were asked to describe their thoughts．Participants who slept were asked to describe any dream they had．
Stickgold and his colleagues wanted to know about NREM，or non-REM sleep．REM stands for"rapid eye movement"，which is what happens during REM sleep．This period of sleep often brings strange dreams to a sleeper，although dreams can happen in both kinds of sleep．Stickgold wanted to know what people were dreaming about when their eyes weren't moving，during NREM sleep．Other studies have found a connection between NREM bring activity and learning ability．
Four of the 50 people who slept said their dreams were about the maze．Later，when these four people tried the computer maze again，they were able to complete it faster．
Stickgold believes the dream itself doesn；t help a person learn---it's the other way around．He suspects that such dreams are caused by the brain processes associated with learning．
All the maze-dreamers had done the task poorly the first time，which makes Stickgold wonder if the NREM dreams show up when a person finds a new task particularly difficult．People who had other dreams，or people didn't sleep，didn't show the same improvement．
 
36．In the first stage of the study，the participants were asked toB
A．design a maze on computer
B．find their way out of a maze
C．decide where to begin a maze
D．remember a location in a maze
37．What happened to the participants during the break？D
A．Half of them were woken up when they started to dream．
B．Half of them were asked to dram about the maze．
C．All of them were asked to describe their thoughts．
D．Half of them were asked to sleep for 90 minutes．
38．What can we learn from the passage？D
A．Everyone will dream about a new skill after learning it．
B．Stickgold was the first to study dreams and learning．
C．During NREM sleep，people usually don't dream．
D．Unusual dreams often occur during REM sleep．
39．In the first stage of the study，the participants were asked toB
A．design a maze on computer
B．find their way out of a maze
C．decide where to begin a maze
D．remember a location in a maze
40．Which of the following statement best summarizes the study's conclusion？A
A．Dreams have a role in learning．
B．Dreams have no basis in reality．
C．Dreams are important for health．
D．Dreams are the best way to study．