3．SINCE it's home to a famous university，a lot of people think Oxford，an English city west of London，is very wealthy．In fact，that's not quite the case．Many neighborhoods in and around Oxford are quite poor Children in these areas often don't have the best opportunities  in life．Some of them never even get to go 0n holiday．
    While a student at university，I ran a charity called Vacproj   （short for"Vacation Project"）that helped such children go on holiday．Over a year，we raised money  by writing letters to businesses and standing in the street with buckets（桶），We managed to pay for 36 children to go on a holiday．They were aged from about 6 to 11 years old．Altogether，this cost more than 25，000 pounds  （232，100yuan）．
These holidays took place every summer a part of England called Sussex．Around 20 students from my university volunteered to help．Every day，we went on a different trip：one day it was ice-skating，another time we went to the zoo．One day，went on a trip to a castle．We told them old legends（传说） of the ghosts who lived there and all the kings and queens who had passed through，All these trips required a lot of preparations．For example，on a climbing trip we had to teach the kids about safety and how to use  ropes．
    The holiday was by far the most tiring experience of my life．Every day，I had to wake up at 6 am，and  I didn't get to  bed until l am．The children never，ever ran out  of energy，and we were responsible for all of  them Some of the kids were very naughty； others refused to eat  certain kinds of  food．There were always problems to deal with．We had to be their parents for the week，and care for them as parents would．
Though the trip may have been very tiring，it was also the best I've ever been on．At every new tourist site，the kids eyes lit up with excitement．They were very funny，and weren't afraid of making fun of us． We left the holiday with a new perspectiveon life； children may be the most tiring people in the world，but they're also the most interesting．
46．According to the article，the purpose of Vacproj  is toB．
    A．promote tourism in the city of Oxford    B．help poor children go on holiday
    C．raise money for poor children            D．find tour guides for poor children
47．Which of the following statements about the trips to Sussex is TRUE  according to the article？D
    A．The trip to the castles was the  favorite of the children．
    B．It is easy for the children to get tired on the trips．
    C．Most children didn't like the food during the trips．
    D．The volunteers  always made various preparations during the trips．
48．The author found the trips with the children to SussexB．
    A．boring    B．rewarding    C．unbearable    D．relaxing
49．What does the underlined word"perspective"meanD
A．Experience    B．Wealth．C．Promise．D．View
50．The article is mainly aboutB．
   A．neighborhoods in Oxford that  still suffer from poverty
    B．the author's experience with the Vacproj program
    C．how the author spent his trips to  Sussex every summer
    D．how tiring it can be to look after children．

2．AVATAR director James Cameron is now taking his camera deep into the ocean．
On March 25，he did alone submarine（潜水艇）dive nearly 11 kilometers down to the deepest place in the ocean，the Mariana Trench（马里亚纳海沟）in the westem Pacific．
Compared with the colorful forest of Avatar，the Mariana Trench is dark and icy cold  Cameron became the first person to explore the deepest valley in the ocean since two men made a 20-minute trip there in 1960．
"I felt like I literally（真正地）had gone to  another planet and come back"Cameron told the Associated Press after returning from his dive．"It's really the sense of isolation（与世隔绝），realizing how tiny you are down in this big，black and unexplored place．"
The filmmaker has spend the past few years working with his team of engineers to design and build the submarine called  Deepsea  Challenger．Unlike ordinary submarines，it is wrapped（包围）in cameras and lights so that Cameron can film the ocean from the inside．
The minute-long video that Cameron took while under the sea has been released by the National Geographic．There are no words in the video，but there is something fascinating  about this extremely quiet and  distantplace．Cameron said be was thankful that he had had the chance to go there．
"There had be a moment where I just stopped，and took it in，and said，‘This is where I am  at the bottom of the ocean，the deepest place on Earth  What does that mean？'"Cameron told reporters．
    The Mariana Trench was once thought to be of little interest to scientists．It was assumed that nothing could live under so much pressure and with so little light，But in recent years scientists have found creatures there like fish and shrimps （虾）that can resist the heavy pressure．They are also trying to figure out what role deep-sea trenches play in earthquakes．
    Cameron told the BBC that he does not want this dive to be one-time thing．He wants to use it as a platform for further ocean exploration
41．What is the point of the articleC
A．To draw public attention to the Mariana  Trench．
B．To report on the successful launch of the"Deepsea Challenger"．
C．To inform readers of Cameron's adventure to the Mariana Trench．
D．To introduce Cameron's Latest video filmed in the Mariana  Trench．
42．It can be inferred from the article that when Cameron reached the Mariana Trench，C．
A．he felt lonely and isolated
B．he was anxious about his safety．
C．he was astonished by what he experienced
D．he was excited that he had conquered the ocean
43．How does the"Deepsea  Challenger"differ from ordinary submarines？A
A．It is specially designed  for filming under the sea．
B．It is much heavier than an ordinary  submarine．
C．It is more comfortable than an ordinary submarine．
D．It enables passengers to see the outside．
44．Which of the following statements about the Mariana Trench TRUE E according to the article？B
A．Cameron is the first person to have explored the Mariana Trench so far．
B．The role that deep-sea trenches play in earthquakes is still unknown．
C．Scientists don't think that the Mariana Trench is of much scientific value．
D．There are no creatures living in the Mariana Trench due to its peculiar conditions．
45．What can we know about James Cameron according to the passage？B
A．curious．        B．Challenging．
C．Imaginable．   D．Enjoyable．

1．Brain scientists at Toroiiro's Sunnybrook，Hospital are revolutionizing the way patierits with tremors are treated--without surgery or allesthetic．
  Doctors have successfully used ultrasound wave（起声波） to reach an area deep inside the brains of patients suffering from a condition known as"essential tremor"，the most common movement disorder that is often resistant to medical treatment．
  With the guidance of an，MRI（核磁振成像），more than．l，000 ultrasound beams are delivered to a small target in the brain，killing the cells that cause the uncontrollable shaking．The procedure does not require a general anesthetic and the patient is awake the entire time．Although only five patients have been treated with ultrasound waves in Canada so far，experts at Sunnybrook say the procedure seems to be safe，with"limited"side effects．
  Tony Lightfoot，68，is among the Paticiits Who underwent the procedure to treat his shaky arms and hands．Many patients with tremor have a verr difficult time using their hands to eat，drink or write，and for Lightfoot．the simple tasks ofdrinking water or buttoning his shirt were hard．He said the opportunity to undergo the ultrasound treatment was a"great hope for the future"．
"I am hoping to be able to write again，"he said．"I am hoping to write with a cup of coffee in my hand，withorit spilling．I am hoping to sit with a friend and if he offers me a cup of tea or coffee，I can hold it instead of throwing it all over the place．"
   Dr．Andres L．ozano of Toronto Westem Hospital's Krembi Neuroscience Centre，which is working together with Sunnybrook，said the results of the ultrasound wave treatmeht are immediate．"As soon as we burn the cells that cause the tremor，it goes away，"he said．"This is the kind of surgery that allows you to come here and go home an hour later．
   Dr Micliael Schwartz，the man researcher，said the results so far are very exciting．"Here's a chance to do something without making a hole in the patient，so there is no risk of damage and yet we can achieve the same results as surger）r，"he said．

51．The underlined word"tremors"in Paragraph I can be replaced byB．
A．illnesses     
B．shakes           
C．fevers            
D．cancers
52．What can you leam about"Essential tremor"according to the passage？D
A．It is often cause by viruses．
B．It is often passed on to patients'children．
C．It can be cured without any medical treatment．
D．Medicine hardly has any effect on it．
53．Which of the following is NOT the advantage of the ultrasound treatment？A
A．It needs only a little anesthetic．
B．It has limited side effects．
C．It will get a quick result．
D．It is very safe．
54．We can infer that Dr．Andres LozanoC．
A．is a doctor ofToronto's Sunnybrook Hospital
B．is in charge of the ultrasound treatment research
C．is involved in the ultrasound treatment research
D．is leading Western Hospital's Krembil Neuroscience Centre
55．What is the main  idea of the passage？D
A．Patients with tremors are treated with ultrasound waVes．
B．Doctors at Sunnybrook Hospital use surgery to Cure tremors．
C．Canadian doctors have found a cure to essential tremors．
D．Revolutionary treatmeni makes use of ultrasound to stop tremors．

20．Many of us mistakenly believe thai it's wrong to think we have any good qualities．We may spend a lot of time blaming ourselves for our negative qualities，thinking that self criticism is the key to improvirtg our pcrformance．However，a constallt focus on our supposed shortcomings can stop our efforts to make friends with other people．How can we believe that others could like  us if we believe our inner being is flawed？
 If someone seems to dislike you，the reason for that dislike might have little or nothing to do with you．The person who doesn't like you miglit be fearful，or shallow．or busy or shy．Perhaps you and that person are simply a mismatch for each other at this particular time．
Don't take yourself out of the game by deciding that your flaws are bigger than your good qualities．In fact，some of the very qualities you consider to be flaws may be irresistible to someone else．Aliliough some factors that migllt cause one person to reject you，there are at least many factors that will work in your favor．
You might be thirty pounds over your ideal weight，but you may have a wonderful laugh and a real enthusiasm for life．There are many people who don't mind your extra pounds．You may drive a shabby car，but you might be a great dancer and a loyal friend．There are people out there  looking for loyalty，or fun，or sweetness，or wisdom，and the package it comes in is not important．If you are worried that you are not beautiful enough to attract friends，keep in mind that not everyone is looking．for physical beauty in their friends．You can decide to feel inferior because you don't have much money and you don't drive a nice car．You can believe that this is the reason  that you don't have many friends in your life．On the other hand，if you are very wealthy you may  be suspicious that everyone is after V our money and that nobody really likes you as a person．
 The point is that you can focus on just about anything and believe it's the reason you do  not have friends and cannot make any．

46．According to the passageDplays an important role in making friends．
A．admitting your shortcomings
B．self criticism
C．modesty'
D．confidence
47．If you are not liked  by a person，C．
A．you should find the reason in yourself
B．you'd better talk with the person face to face
C．you may not be the one to be blamed
D．you and that person misunderstand each other
48．We can leam from the third paragraph thatB
A．your good qualities may make you earn more money
B．your weakness may also be y our strengths in some way
C．your negative qualities may cause you to lose friends
D．you'II have few friends if you don't like playing games
49．Which of the following is true according to the author？C
A．It is important to lose weight．
B．It is easier for a wealthy person to make friends．
C．Inner qualities are more important than physical appearance．
D．Ifyou are not beautifu!enough，try to improve your physical beauty．
50．What do you think the author is most likely to suggest if he continues to write？A
A．How to find your good qualities．
B．How to make friends．
C．How to make self criticism．
D．How to keep slim．

19．Science Fiction
The science fiction type of entertainment is considered by most to be fathered by Jules Verne （A Journey to the Center of the Earth and Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea） and H．G．Wells （The Time Machine and The War of the Worlds）．Sci-Fi，as it is commonly shortened，is a fictional story in which science and technology have a significant influence on the characters and plot．Many such works are guesswork about what the future holds and how scientific findings and technological advances will shape humankind．
Writing in the late 1800s，Jules Verne was remarkably successful in his 10guesses about future technologies of air conditioning，automobiles，the Internet，television，and underwater，air，and space travel．Unbelievably，of all places from which to choose，Jules Verne guessed Tampa，Florida，USA as the launching site of the first project to the Moon，which was only 200kilometers away from the actual 1969location at Cape Canaveral，Florida．
One of the best-known science fiction books is Nineteen Eighty-Four by George Orwell．Published in 1949，it was not meant as a prediction，but as a warning：Orwell was describing what he saw as the outcome of the ideas，trends，and emerging technologies of his time．Many invented terms from this novel have become common in everyday use，such as"big brother"and"doublethink"．Even the author's name has been made into an adjective-Orwellian-and has become a warning descriptor for situations where privacy is lost and the individual becomes sacrifice under a totalitarian（极权主义） government．Nineteen Eighty-Four was translated into sixty-five languages within five years of its publication，setting a record that still stands．
What helps bring science fiction into being is usually a new discovery or innovation．The author creates an analysis of the potential influence and consequences and then wraps it in a pleasant story．For example，the beginning of space exploration was followed a few years later by the Star Trek television program and movie series．Advances in genetics（遗传学） cause fantasies of the end of disease，horrors of eugenics（优生学），and thrillers where creatures disappearing long ago are brought back to life．The science fiction author's self-determined role is that of field glasses for humanity-searching the world of future possibilities upon the road which we are traveling．

67．What can science fiction offer to people？A
A．A forecast of how a new discovery could influence mankind．
B．A thoughtful look at the present drawbacks of technology．
C．An analysis of why a new technology could be used to harm human．
D．A thoughtful look at the past and what brought us to this point in history．
68．Which of the following best summarizes the description of Nineteen Eighty-Four？B
A．A prediction of future technologies．
B．A warning of cruel and unfair ruling．
C．The consequence of scientific findings．
D．An imaginary perfect world of freedom．
69．From the passage we can learn thatD．
A．Nineteen Eighty-Four adopted some popular terms
B．H．G．Wells predicted the Internet in the late 1800s
C．Cape Canaveral was mentioned in Jules Verne's fiction
D．Star Trek movie series were based on space exploration
70．According to the author，what is the role of science fiction in society？D
A．A moral compass．
B．A reference of technology．
C．A record of science development．
D．A consideration of possibilities．

18．Does money buy happiness？Not!Ah，but would a little more money make us a little happier？Many of us smirk（傻笑，假笑） and nod．There is，we believe，some connection between financial fitness and emotional fulfillment．Three in four American college students-nearly double the 1970 proportion-now consider it"very important"or"essential"that they become"very well off financially"．Money matters．
But a surprising fact of life is that in countries where nearly everyone can afford life's necessities，increasing wealth matters surprisingly little．The connection between income and happiness is"surprisingly weak，"observed University of Michigan researcher Ronald Inglehart in one 16-nation study of 170，000people．Once comfortable，more money provides diminishing returns（报酬递减）．The second piece of pie，or the second﹩100，000，never tastes as good as the first．Even lottery winners and the Forbes'100 wealthiest Americans surveyed by University of Illinois psychologist Ed Diener have expressed only slightly greater happiness than the average American．Making it big brings temporary joy．But in the long run wealth is like health：its complete absence can create suffering，but having it doesn't guarantee happiness．Happiness seems less a matter of getting what we want than of wanting what we have．
Has our happiness，however，floated upward with the rising economic tide？Are we happier today than in 1940s，when two out of five homes lacked a shower or tub？Actually，we are not．Since 1957，the number of Americans who say they are"very happy"has declined from 35 to 32 percent．Meanwhile，the divorce rate has doubled，the teen suicide（自杀） rate has increased nearly three times，the violent crime rate has gone up nearly four times，and depression has mushroomed．Economic growth has provided no boost to human morale．When it comes to psychological well being，it is not the economy．
I call this soaring wealth and shrinking spirit"the American paradox．"More than ever，we have big houses and broken homes，high incomes and low confidence，secured rights and reduced civility．We are good at making a living but often fail at making a life．We celebrate our prosperity（繁荣） but long for a purpose．We treasure our freedoms but long for connection．In an age of plenty，we feel spiritual hunger．

63．Which of the following statements best expresses the author's view？C
A．The more money we earn，the less returns we have．
B．The more money we earn，the happier we would be．
C．In the long run，money cannot guarantee happiness．
D．In the long run，happiness grows with economy．
64．"The second﹩100，000 never tastes as good as the first"becauseD．
A．it is not so fresh as the first﹩100，000
B．it is not so important as the first﹩100，000
C．profit brought by it is less than that from the first﹩100，000
D．happiness brought by it is less than that from the first﹩100，000
65．According to the passage，people do well in making a living but don'tC．
A．have any primary aim
B．know how to spend money
C．know how to enjoy life 
D．keep in touch with other people
66．The things that happened after 1957are given to show thatA．
A．people's spiritual needs cannot be fulfilled by wealth
B．family problems become more and more serious
C．young people are not happy about their life
D．social crimes have increased significantly．

17．My favorite English teacher could draw humor out of the driest material．It wasn't forced on us either．He took Samuel Johnson's dictionary，Addison's essays，and many other literary wonders from the eighteenth century and made them hilarious，even at eight o'clock in the morning．The thing that amazed me most was that the first time I read these works on my own some of them seemed dead，but the second time，after his explanation，I couldn't believe that I hadn't seen the humor．The stories and poems and plays were suddenly filled with allusions（典故） and irony and hilarious moments．I learned more from him than from any other teacher．
My least favorite English teacher also made people laugh．Some students found him to be wonderfully funny．Many others did not．He assigned journals over a six week period，to be written in every day．At the end of the six weeks I had a notebook full of bits and pieces about my ideas，short stories，reactions to what we had read，and so on．Our teacher announced that we would be grading each other's journals．Mine was passed to Joe，that class clown，who always behaved in a funny or silly way．He saw it fit to make joke of and said，"This writing isn't fit to line the bottom of a birdcage．"Our teacher laughed at that funny remark．It hurt me so much that the anger from it has driven my writing and teaching ever since．
So what makes the difference？Humor is one of the most powerful tools teachers or writers have．It can build up students and classes and make them excited about literature and writing，or it can tear them apart．It is true that humor is either productive or counter-productive and self-defeating．

59．The passage mainly discussesC．
A．teaching      B．literature     C．humor     D．knowledge
60．The underlined word"hilarious"in Paragraph 1probably meansA．
A．funny      B．tiring       C．inspiring    D．brilliant
61．With his favorite English teacher，the writer found it most amazing thatC．
A．his teacher was very learned
B．his teacher was very humorous
C．the works by Johnson and Addison were very humorous
D．few were able to find humor in works by Johnson and others
62．The English teacher the writer disliked mostB．
A．was not able to make students laugh
B．hurt his students'feelings
C．didn't let his students do the grading
D．had no sense of humor．

16．Submitting Assignment Online
In order to upload an assignment （work given to students） to the system properly，you must save the assignment using one of the following applications：Microsoft Word，Corel WordPerfect，or Microsoft Excel．
After you complete an assignment，it is important to save your work．This ensures that assignment being uploaded to the system is the most updated version．Your word processing program may attempt to save the assignment to a folder on your computer．We recommend creating a new folder，named after your course，in a location that is easy to remember，such as"My Documents．"
File Name Requirements
Select a file name for the assignment that is easy to remember．The file name must NOT contain spaces．Any spaces used in the file name will prevent the file from uploading to the system．File names using the extensions．rtf，．html，．zip，．jpg，or．exe are NOT allowed．
Assignment Upload Procedure
Make sure you save the assignment using one of the applications previously identified and ensure that it meets the file name requirements described above．When the file is ready to upload，follow these steps：
Sign in the system．
Enter your address information and click the CONTINUE button．You will be routed to the"Directions"screen．
Review the directions and click the CONTINUE button．You will be routed to the"Special Assignment Upload"screen．
Click the SEARCH button．The"Choose File"pop-up window appears．
Find the location on your computer where you saved your assignment，and select the file．
After you have selected the file，click the UPLOAD button to upload your assignment to the system．Assignment Submission Dates
Assignments must be submitted by midnight on the specified due date．Submit your assignment on time so that it reaches the system on or before the due date．No late assignments will be accepted or marked．Assignments delivered after the due date will not be assessed and will be failed．Please manage your time carefully as family and work demands will not be accepted as excuses for late or non-submissions．Tutors and administrators do not have the authority to grant extensions．

56．Which of the following file names is acceptable for submitting assignment？C
A．research paper．doc
B．research paper．pdf
C．researchpaper．doc
D．researchpaper．rtf
57．Students are advised to save an assignment to a specific folder in order toB．
A．sign in the system
B．remember where the document is
C．choose the appropriate application
D．remember the document name quickly
58．If you summit your assignment late，youD．
A．can have a second chance
B．should ask a tutor for help
C．may apply for an extension
D．will get a fail for the work．

15．Birds Can"Read"Human Gaze
We all know that people sometimes change their behavior when someone is looking their way．Now，a new study reported online on April 2nd in Current Biology shows that jackdaws-birds related to crows with eyes that appear similar to human eyes-can do the same．
"Jackdaws seem to recognize the eye's role in visual perception，or at the very least they are extremely sensitive to the way that human eyes are oriented（朝向），"said Auguste von Bayern，formerly of the University of Cambridge and now at the University of Oxford．
When presented with a preferred food，hand-raised jackdaws took significantly longer to get the reward when a person was directing his eyes towards the food than when he was looking away，according to the research team led by Nathan Emery of the University of Cambridge and Queen Mary University of London．The birds hesitated only when the person was unfamiliar and thus potentially threatening．
In addition，the birds were able to interpret human communicative gestures，such as gaze alternation and pointing，to help them find hidden food，they found．The birds were unsuccessful in using unmoving cues，including eye gaze or head orientation．
Unlike most birds，jackdaws'eyes have a dark pupil surrounded by a silvery white iris．The researchers said they believe jackdaws are probably sensitive to human eyes because，as in humans，eyes are an important means of communication for them．The hand-raised birds examined in the study may be even better than wild jackdaws at attending to human gaze and responding to the gestures of the people who have raised them．
The findings are particularly notable given that most other species investigated so far，including our closest relatives the chimpanzee and"man's best friend，"the dog，are not particularly sensitive to eye orientation and eye gaze，von Bayern said．Rather，she continued，chimps and dogs seem to rely on other cues such as head or body orientation in determining the looking direction of others．The results suggest that birds may deserve more respect for their mental abilities．
"We may have understated the psychological world of birds，"von Bayern said．"Jackdaws，among many other birds，form pair ties for life and need to have much in common and work together with their partner，which requires an efficient way of communicating and sensitivity to their partner's viewpoint．"

67．A hand-raised jackdaw hesitates to take a preferred food when the feederD．
A．is looking away from the food
B．holds the food in his hand
C．is looking at the food
D．is unfamiliar to the bird
68．According to the researchers，jackdaws can notice human eye orientation probably becauseA．
A．like humans，they also use eyes to communicate
B．they are far more intelligent than other birds
C．they are mostly hand-raised by humans
D．their eyes also have a dark pupil
69．Why does the author refer to chimpanzees and dogs？B
A．To suggest that they are much better at interpreting gaze alternation．
B．To reflect how unique jackdaws are in being able to notice gaze orientation．
C．To show that they communicate more frequently with humans than jackdaws．
D．To make clear that they rely on other means in determining people's intention．
70．What does the research finding uggest？B
A．Not all jackdaws are good at attending to human gaze．
B．We may have understated jackdaws'mental abilities．
C．We know embarrassingly less about birds than we assume．
D．The closer we communicate with animals，the better we understand them．

14．Boys'schools are the perfect place to teach young men to express their emotions and involve them in activities such as art，dance and music．
Far from the traditional image of a culture of aggressive masculinity （阳刚），the absence of girls gives boys the chance to develop without pressure to conform to a stereotype．a US study says．
Boys at single-sex schools were said to be more likely to get involved in cultural and artistic activities that helped develop their emotional expressiveness，rather than feeling they had to conform to the"boy code"of hiding their emotions to be a"real man"．
The findings of the study go against received wisdom that boys do better when taught alongside girls．
Tony Little，headmaster of Eton，warned that boys were being failed by the British education system because it had become too focused on girls．He criticized teachers for failing to recognize that boys are actually more emotional than girls．
The research argued that boys often perform badly in mixed schools because they become discouraged when their female peers do better earlier in speaking and reading skills．
But in single-sex schools teachers can tailor lessons to boys'learning style，letting them move around the classroom and getting them to compete in teams to prevent boredom，wrote the study's author，Abigail James，of the University of Virginia．
Teachers could encourage boys to enjoy reading and writing with"boy-focused"approaches such as themes and characters that appeal to them．Because boys generally have more acute vision learn best through touch，and are physically more active，they need to be given"hands-on"lessons where they are allowed to walk around．"Boys in mixed schools view classical music as feminine （女性的） and prefer the modern genre （类型） in which violence and sexism are major themes，"James wrote．
Single-sex education also made it less likely that boys would feel they had to conform to a stereotype that men should be"masterful and in charge"in relationships．"In mixed schools boys feel compelled to act like men before they understand themselves well enough to know what that means，"the study reported．

63．The author believes that a single-sex school wouldC．
A．force boys to hide their emotions to be"real men"
B．help to cultivate masculine aggressiveness in boys
C．encourage boys to express their emotions more freely
D．naturally reinforce in boys the traditional image of a man
64．According to the passage，in mixed schools boysD．
A．grow up less healthily
B．behave less responsibly
C．get an unequal education
D．perform relatively worse
65．What does Tony Little say about the British education system？C
A．It fails more boys than girls academically．
B．It focuses more on mixed school education．
C．It fails to give boys the attention they need．
D．It places more pressure on boys than on girls．
66．According to Abigail James，one of the advantages of single-sex schools isB．
A．teaching can be designed to promote boys'team spirit
B．teaching can be made to suit the characteristics of boys
C．boys can choose to learn whatever they are interested in
D．boys can focus on their lessons without being distracted．