2．Most people think that the capital of the movie world is Hollywood in the United States．However，the real movie capital is Mumbai，in India．Mumbai used to be known as Bombay，and so the film industry there is called"Bollywood．"Bollywood makes twice as many movies each year as Hollywood-more than 800 films a year．
The movies from Bollywood are very different from Hollywood movies．For one thing，Bollywood movies are much longer than most Hollywood movies．Most Bollywood movies are more than three hours long，and contain singing，dancing，action，adventure，mystery and romance（but usually no kissing）．Because Bollywood films contain so many different features，this style of film is sometimes called a"masala"film．（"Masala"is an Indian word for a mixture of species．）
Another big difference between Bollywood and Hollywood movies is the way movies are made．It takes much longer to make a movie in Hollywood than in Bollywood．In fact，filming may began on a Bollywood movie before the script is finished．The director and writer can make up the story while the film is being made．Sometimes they will even write the script by hand instead of taking time to type it．
Bollywood actors are very popular and some are in such high demand that they may work on several movies at the same time．They may even shoot（拍摄） scenes for several films on the same day using the same costumes and scenery．Since most Bollywood movies follow the same kind of story，shooting scenes for several films at the same time is not a big problem for actors or directors．This also helps keep the cost of Bollywood movies lower than the cost of Hollywood movies．The average Bollywood film，with a budget（预算）of only two million US dollars，seems very cheap compared to the average budget of sixty million US dollars for a Hollywood film，thirty times as much!

56．What is the main topic of the reading？C
A．Famous stars in Bollywood．
B．How Hollywood movies are made．
C．The difference between two movie industries．
D．The history of movie-making in India．
57．What is NOT true about Mumbai？B
A．It is the movie capital of India．
B．The new name is Bombay．
C．More movies are made there than in Hollywood．
D．It is less expensive to make films there than in Hollywood．
58．Why are Bollywood films often called"masala"films？D
A．They are very popular．
B．They show Indian culture．
C．They are much longer than Hollywood films．
D．They mix different styles of movies．
59．Bollywood films are cheap to make becauseD．
A．they are shorter than Hollywood films       
B．the scripts are written by hand
C．the movies do not use any special effects       
D．one movie can reuse things from other movies
60．Which of the statements would the writer probably agree with？A
A．Most Bollywood movies are very similar．
B．It takes a lot of money to make a good movie．
C．Only Indian people can understand Bollywood movies．
D．Hollywood movies are too short．

1．[1]For more than 40 years，robots have worked in factories，doing jobs too boring or too dangerous for humans．Now，new robots are starting to help humans at home and at work．
[2]It was an exciting night at the Detroit Symphony．A special guest was joining the band．The conductor stepped out onto the stage and lifted both arms to direct the musicians．They played a song called"The Impossible Dream"．The audience was amazed．After all，ASIMO，the conductor，is only eight years old and four feet tall．It's just one of many robots being developed to perform tasks that humans usually perform．
[3]Japan has more robots than any other country．Four Out of every 10 worker robots are there．The Japanese government is spending millions of dollars building even more robots．Why the rush for more electronic helpers？More than one fifth of Japan's population is 65 or older，so there are not enough young people in the workforce．
[4]Many of Japan's robots are designed to interact with people．One Japanese hospital has three shiny robots that help out in the waiting room．They greet patients and give directions．"Robots won't ever be doctors，"says hospital spokesperson Naoya Narita．"But they can be guides．"
[5]Since the 1960s，robots have been doing jobs that are too boring or too dangerous for humans．Some stand for long hours in factories，packaging food or putting together cars．Others milk cows on farms all day long．However，these industrial robots don't look like humans．Now that robots are moving into our homes，many are starting to look more like us．Trevor Blackwell's company，Anybots，makes robots．He built a dishwashing robot called Monty．It is as tall as a person and has humanlike hands，
[6]Will the robots of the future look more like machines or people？Either way，Blackwell is happy to let them do the chores．"I'd rather have a robot do dishes，"he says．Wouldn't you？

86．What does the passage mainly talk about？（no more than 8 words）Robots entering human's life/Robots helping humans at home and at work．
87  Why did the audience feel shocked at the Detroit Symphony？（no more than 6  words）．Because the conductor is a robot．
88．Why are the Japanese building so many robots？（no more than 10 words）Lack of enough young people in their workforce/Lacking enough young people in their workforce
89．Complete the following statement with words from Paragraph 4 in the proper form．（no more than 3 words）helping out
90．List three things that the robots have been doing for humans since the 1960s．（no more than 10 words）packing food/putting together car/milking cow．

20．Learn a foreign language is very useful．Learn改为Learning．

19．Susan Sontag（1933-2004）was one of the most noticeable figures in the world of literature．For more than 40years she made it morally necessary to know everything-to read every book worth reading，to see every movie worth seeing．When she was still in her early 30s，publishing essays in such important magazines as Partisan Review，she appeared as the symbol of American culture life，trying hard to follow every new development in literature，film and art．With great effort and serious judgment，Sontag walked at the latest edges of world culture．
Seriousness was one of Sontag's lifelong watchwords（格言），but at a time when the barriers between the well-educated and the poor-educated were obvious，she argued for a true openness to the pleasure of pop culture．In"Notes Camp"，the 1964essay that first made her name，she explained what was then a little-known set of difficult understandings，through which she could not have been more famous．"Notes on Camp"，she wrote，represents"a victory of‘form'over‘content'，‘beauty'over‘morals'"．
By conviction（信念）she was a sensualist（感觉论者），but by nature she was a moralist（伦理学者），and in the works she published in the 1970s and 1980s，it was the latter side of her that came forward．In"Illness as Metaphor"-published in 1978，after she suffered cancer-she argued against the idea that cancer was somehow a special problem of repressed personalities（被压抑的性格），a concept that effectively blamed the victim for the disease．In fact，re-examining old positions was her lifelong habit．
In America，her story of a 19th century Polish actress who set up a perfect society in California，won the National Book Award in 2000．But it was as a tireless，all-purpose cultural view that she made her lasting fame．
"Sometimes，"she once said，"I feel that，in the end，all I am really defending…is the idea of seriousness，of true seriousness．"And in the end，she made us take it seriously too．

64．The underlined sentence in paragraph l means SontagD．
A．was a symbol of American cultural life
B．developed world literature，film and art
C．published many essays about world culture
D．kept pace with the newest development of world culture
65．She first won her name throughD．
A．her story of a Polish actress
B．her book Illness as Metaphor
C．publishing essays in magazines like Partisan Review
D．her explanation of a set of difficult understandings
66．Susan Sontag's lasting fame was made uponA．
A．a tireless，all-purpose cultural view
B．her lifelong watchword：seriousness
C．publishing books on morals
D．enjoying books worth reading and movies worth seeing
67．From the works Susan published in the 1970s and 1980s，we can learn thatA．
A．she was more a moralist than a sensualist
B．she was more a sensualist than a moralist
C．she believed repressed personalities mainly led to illness
D．she would like to re-examine old positions．

18．Microwaves may be great at warming up food，but what about warming people？
    Using microwaves to directly heat owners of a room would save much of the energy wasted by heating walls and furniture．And despite popular ideas about microwaves，this technique would be safe，according to Charles R．Burlier of the Microwave Research Center in Marlborough，New Hampshire．Low-power microwaves only penetrate （贯穿） the skin （low-power microwave penetration in a ham is about 0.2 inches，for example） and with no negative effects．
    To test this idea，Buffler subjected himself to microwaves in a special room using a standard 500-watt，2459 MHz magnetron （磁控管）．He found that a person will start to feel warmth at about 20 milliwatts per square centimeter （mw．/sq．cm．）； a satisfactory feeling of warmth occurs between 35 and 50mw．/sq．cm．By comparison，a person standing in noonday summer sun feels the amount of 85 mw．/sq．cm．And a frozen meat pie in your microwave oven receives about 1000 mw．/sq．cm．
    In houses of the future，each room could be provided with its own magnetron，says Buffler．When you stepped into the living room，for example，a motion detector （运动感应器）would turn on the magnetron，filling the room with low-power microwaves．In the same way that a microwave oven heats up a hamburger，but not the plate it's on，you would feel warmth from the microwaves without changing the temperature of your coffee table．（You could，however，make your favorite easy chair even more comfortable by treating it with a radiation-absorbing chemical．）
    While it might be some time before homeowners are comfortable enough with the idea to set up whole-body microwave heaters in houses，Buffler says microwaves may attract livestock（家畜） farmers．Lambs that are born outdoors in winter，for example，are frequently lost to cold．Microwaves could warm the lambs safely and quickly．
26．Which of the following can tell the main idea of the passage？A
A．A new heating system．
B．A new microwave oven．
C．A popular technique．
D．The magnetron．
27．According to Paragraph 2，which of the following does not describe the characteristics of a microwave heater？B
A．It directly heats people in a room．
B．It heats walls and furniture in a room．
C．It is safe．
D．It saves energy．
28．The test conducted by Buffler shows that when a person feels comfortable warmth，he receives aboutB．
A.20 mw．/sq．cm
B.40 mw．/sq．cm
C.60 mw．/sq．cm
D.85 mw．/sq．cm
29．According to Paragraph 4，which of the following fills the room with low-power microwaves？A
A．The magnetron
B．The motion detector．
C．The microwave oven
D．The radiation-absorbing chemical．
30．Which of the following statements about microwave heaters would Buffler most probably agree with？C
A．Microwave heaters will soon be widely used by homeowners．
B．Microwave heaters sometimes make people feel uncomfortable．
C．Perhaps microwave heaters will be first used by livestock farmers，who wish to protect their lambs in winter．
D．Microwave heaters cannot be accepted by the public because they are somewhat unsafe．

17．A．A careful analysis biologically  
B．What's globle warming？
C．Solution to the terrifying result
D．Greater danger of extinction 
E．Many shocking things found  F．A shocking report

76．B
The earth is getting warmer．People burn coal，oil and gas and this produces carbon dioxide，methane and nitrous oxide．These gases，called"greenhouse gases"，prevent the heat of the sun from leaving the earth's upper atmosphere and this makes the earth warmer．
77．F
A few weeks ago a group of scientists produced a report about global warming and the natural world．They wanted to find out if global warming was dangerous for plants and animals．According to what they found，the scientists say that during the next 50years about 25% of land animals and plants will become extinct．More than a million plant and animal species will be extinct by 2050．
78．C
More than 10% of all plants and animals will become extinct．It is too late to save many plants and animals because of the greenhouse gases that are already in the atmosphere．But the scientists say if we control greenhouse gases now，we could save many more plants and animals from extinction．
79．A
The scientists studied some regions of the world with a very rich biology．These regions were Europe，Australia，Central and South America，and South Africa．Their studies showed that species living in mountainous areas had a better chance of survival because they could move uphill，to get cooler．In flat areas，such as deserts，plants and animals would have to move a very long distance to get cooler，so they are in greater danger of extinction．
80．E
The scientists found that half of the 24 species of butterflies they studied in Australia would soon become extinct.60% of the species in the Kruger National Park in South Africa would also die out，and more than 100% of the 300 South Africa plant species they studied would also become extinct．One of the plants in danger of extinction is the national flower of South Africa，the King Protea．They studied 163 tree species in the Cerrado region of Brazil and found that 70 would become extinct．Many of the plants and trees that live in this region live nowhere else in the world．In Mexico，they studied 1，870 species and found that more than 30% of these were in danger of extinction．

16．"The price of books for our students is just getting higher and higher and，com-bined with the rising cost of tuition，it'S killing these students，"said Peter Jason，a col-lege professor．"Remember，students are one of the poorest groups of people in Ameri-ca．Almost half of them have at least one part-time job．In fact，one of my students has three jobs．And she still manages to have high scores and go to school full-time．"
Textbook prices are traditionally high．Adding to that problem，many college teachers change textbooks year after year；they either upgrade to a new edition or switch to an entirely different textbook．This further hurts students because if an instructor no longer uses a particular textbook，that book has no resale value．
Dr．Jason decided to make lire a little easier and a lot cheaper for his students by writing his own book on public speaking．"Many books have an increased price because of CD-ROMs，lots of color photographs and pictures．I talked to my students，and many of them，like me，prefer to keep things simple!So，a few years ago，I wrote my own textbook．Compared to most other public speaking books，mine is half the number of pages，and one-third the price．That is，﹩30 instead of﹩90．When I wrote a second edition last year，students only had to buy the 35 new pages，For only﹩7.00，they had almost a new book Now my loose-leaf textbook enjoys great popularity among the students．Maybe in the future more writers and publishers will try it．"

56．What did Dr．Jason say about students at college？A
A．They are short of money．       B．They need better textbooks
C．They should do part-time jobs． D．They are trying to get high scores．
57．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 refer to？A
A．The high prices of textbooks．  B．The low resale value of books．
C．Too many different，new books． D．NO coour pictures in textbooks．
58．What did  Dr．Jason decide to do to help the students？
A．To choose cheaper textbooks． B．To write a textbook himself．B
C．To speak to his students．    D．To use old textbooks．
59．How much does a public speaking textbook usually cost？D
A．About 7 dollars．      B．About 30 dollars．
C．About 37 dollars．     B．About 90 dollars．
60．Which of the following can be inferred from the passage？C
A．Dr Jason's textbook has CD-ROMs and nice pictures．
B．More writers and publishers will write simpler textbooks．
C．Dr．Jason teaches public speaking at a college．
D．Dr-Jason's textbook is not well received．

15．The National Park Service in the United States will mark its one hundredth anniversary in 2016．As it nears its second century，the Park Service plans to increase its educational programs for students and teachers．
The plans include transportation support for one hundred thousand students each year to visit national parks to learn about nature and history．Yellowstone is believed to have been the world's first national park when it was established in 1872．Other students will get a chance to see parks in faraway places through Skype and other online programs．
The National Park Service also works with partners to provide education．One of its partners is a nonprofit organization called NatureBridge．NatureBridge is celebrating its fortieth anniversary and says one million young people have taken part in its programs．The organization works with students from kindergarten through twelfth grade and uses national parks as its classrooms．It provides field science programs at Yosemite National Park and four other locations in California and the northwestern state of Washington．
Now，NatureBridge is launching an East Coast center with a four-million-dollar grant from Google．The program will begin in April at the Prince William Forest Park in Virginia．Students stay for three to five days in NatureBridge programs．The activities are aimed at developing their science skills．For example，they learn about different soils and study water quality under a microscope．Jason Morris，executive vice president of NatureBridge says when they are not sleeping，eating or in a laboratory，the students spend their time outdoors．
Julia Washburn is associate director of education and interpretation for the National Park Service．She says in a time of budget cuts，the agency has to find ways to still meet its goals．And one of the most important services that the Park Service provides every day is nature interpretation．

66．The text is intended to tell us thatB．
A．the National Park Service will celebrate its 100th anniversary
B．more educational programs will be started in national parks
C．NatureBridge plans to work with the National Park Service
D．students are encouraged to learn about nature and history
67．Which of the following is true of the National Park Service？D
A．It plans to make NatureBridge its branch．
B．It provides programs for college students．
C．It was established earlier than Yellowstone．
D．It offered some educational programs before．
68．According to the text，NatureBridgeC．
A．finances all the programs alone
B．is aimed at laboratory activities
C．has benefited quite a lot of students
D．provides online field science programs
69．What will be further talked about after the last paragraph？C
A．Ways to raise money．    B．Budget cuts．
C．Nature interpretation．  D．Better services．
70．You can probably read this text in the section ofB．
A．Travel         B．Education      C．Entertainment      D．Health．

14．The gift of being able to describe a face accurately is a rare one，as every experienced police officer knows to his cost．As the Lancet put it recently，"When we try to describe faces precisely，words fail us，and we resort to identikit （拼脸型图） procedures．"
Yet，according to one authority on the subject，we can each probably recognize more than 1，000faces，the majority of which differ in fine details．This，when one comes to think of it，is a tremendous feat，though，curiously enough，relatively little attention has been devoted to the fundamental problems of how and why we acquire this gift for recognizing and remembering faces．Is it an inborn property of our brains，or an acquired one？As so often happens，the experts tend to differ．
Thus，some argue that it is inborn，and that there are"special characteristics about the brain's ability to distinguish faces"．In support of this，they note how much better we are at recognizing a face after a single encounter than we are，for example，in recognizing an individual horse．On the other hand，there are those，and they are probably in the majority，who claim that the gift is an acquired one．
The arguments in favor of this latter view，it must be confessed，are impressive．It is a habit that is acquired soon after birth．Watch，for instance，how a quite young baby recognizes his mother by sight．Granted that his other senses help-the sound，his sense of smell，the distinctive way she handles him．But of all these，sight is predominant．Formed at the very beginning of life，the ability to recognize faces quickly becomes an established habit，and one that is，essential for daily living，if not necessarily for survival．How essential and valuable it is we probably do not appreciate until we encounter people who have been deprived of the faculty．
This unfortunate inability to recognize familiar faces is known to all，but such people can often recognize individuals by their voices，their walking manners or their spectacles．With typical human ingenuity，many of these unfortunate people overcome their handicap by recognizing other characteristic features．

72．It is stated in the passage thatD．
A．it is unusual for a person to be able to identify a face satisfactorily
B．the ability to recognize faces unhesitatingly is an unusual gift
C．quite a few people can visualize faces they have seen
D．few people can give exact details of the appearance of a face
73．What the author feels strange about is thatB．
A．people have the tremendous ability to recognize more than 1，000 faces
B．people don't think much of the problem of how and why we acquire the ability to recognize and remember faces
C．people don't realize how essential and valuable it is for them to have the ability to recognize faces
D．people have been arguing much over the way people recognize and remember faces
74．What is the first suggested explanation of the origin of the ability？C
A．It is one of the characteristics peculiar to human beings．
B．It is acquired soon after birth．
C．It is something we can do from the very moment we are born．
D．It is learned from our environment and experiences．
75．This passage seems to emphasize thatA．
A．the ability to recognize individuals is dependent on other senses as well as sight
B．sight is indispensable （必需的） to recognizing individuals
C．the ability to recognize faces is a special inborn ability of the brain
D．the importance of the ability of recognizing faces is fully appreciated by people．

13．When I asked my daughter which item she would keep； the phone，the car，the cooker，the computer，the TV，or her boyfriend，she said"the phone"．Personally，I could do without the phone entirely，which makes me unusual．Because the telephone is changing our lives more than any other piece of technology．
Point 1：cIn the same way that more roads create more traffic．My daughter comes home
from school at 4：00pm and then spends an hour on the phone talking to the very people she has been at school with all day．If the phone did not exist，would she have anything to talk about？
Point 2：a"The mobile saved my life．"says Crystal Johnstone．She had an accident in
her Volvo on the A45between Otley and Skip ton．Trapped inside，she managed to make the call that brought the ambulance to her rescue．
Point 3：d It allows marketing manager of Haba Deutsch，Carl Nicolaisen，to ring his
sales staff all round the world at any time of the day to ask where they are，where they are going，and how their last meeting went．
Point 4：bAntonella iBramante in Rome says，"We worked in separate offices but I could
see him through the window．It was easy to get his number．We were so near--bul we didn't meet for the first two weeks J"
Point 5：The telephone allows us to reach out beyond our own lives．Today we can talk，to several complete strangers simultaneously （同时地）on chat lines．We can talk across the world．We can even talk to astronauts while they're space-walking．And，with the phone line hooked up to the computer，we can access the Internet，the biggest library on Earth．

68．Choose the most suitable topic sentence from the four （a、b、c and d） and match it with each point．C
a．The mobile phone means that we are never alone．
b．The telephone separates us．
c．The telephone creates the need to communicate．
d．The mobile removes our secret．
A．Point 1一4：a-c-b-d  B．Point 1-4：b-a-c-d
C．Point 1-4：c-a-d-b   D．Point 1～4：d-b-a-c
69．The passage is mainly aboutB．
A．the different pieces of technology
B．the important functions of the mobile phone
C．a communication between the child and the parent
D．an interview report from the author's daughter
70．Where is the text most likely to have been taken from？A
A．The section of lifestyle in a newspaper．  B．A magazine about business．
C．A report from researchers and scientists． D．An advertisement．