【题目】WELLINGTON, New Zealand (AP) ---- About 140 pilot whales that stranded(使...搁浅) themselves on a remote stretch of New Zealand beach have died, but conservation workers and volunteers are hoping the remaining 60 or so will survive after they managed to get them refloated, an official said Saturday.

The geography of Farewell Spit on the South Island seems to work against whales, which regularly become stranded there. The stranding of 198 whales on Friday was one of the largest in recent years and inspired 80 workers and volunteers to help out.

By late Saturday, 140 of the whales had died, said Department of Conservation area manager Andrew Lamason.

He said the workers and volunteers worked throughout the day to keep the surviving whales watered and covered before refloating them during Saturday night’s high tide.

“We’ve had a really good crew of volunteers, and people have been wanting to come from all over the country,” Lamason said.

He said the surviving whales had moved to deeper water. But he cautioned that although hopes for their survival were high, whales had been refloated in the past only to return and get stranded again.

Lamason said the scale(规模) of the stranding has been tough on the helpers, both physically and mentally.

“It’s very sad, they’re very intelligent animals,” he said. “The common view is that it’s part of nature.”

The focus will now turn to the dead whales, and the enormous task of dealing with the remains, Lamason said, adding that in the past helpers have typically buried them in the sand, but that he’s not sure what the approach will be this time.

He said the department had been experimenting with moving the the dead whales into the water, which has the advantage of providing food for other sea creatures.

【1】What is the exact number of whales stranded last Friday?

A. 140. B. 60. C. 80. D. 198.

【2】 Why did the volunteers have to wait until Saturday before they could refloat the whales?

A. Because they were very busy on Friday.

B. Because they had to wait for the sea water to rise.

C. Because the whales were too intelligent.

D. Because the whales were buried deep in the sand.

【3】Which of the following words can be used to describe Lamason’s attitude towards the result of refloating the whales?

A. Doubtful. B. Optimistic.

C. Positive. D. Careless.

【4】What did Lamason say about the feelings of the workers and volunteers?

A. They were very happy to see so many whales.

B. They thought refloating the whales was not a hard job.

C. They were physically tired and emotionally hurt.

D. They believed that this is very natural.

【5】How will the volunteers deal with the dead whales this time according to Lamason?

A. They will bury them in the sand.

B. They will throw them into the ocean.

C. They do not have any exact idea yet.

D. They will feed them to other sea creatures.

【题目】 It’s well known that our human memory can fail us. People can be forgetful, and they can sometimes also “remember” things incorrectly, with damaging consequences in the classroom, courtroom, and other areas of life. Now, researchers show for the first time that bumblebees(大黄蜂) can be unreliable witnesses too.

Bumblebees are rather clever animals, which explains why Chittka has been studying learning and memory in the insects for the last 20 years.

Most times when people have studied memory in animals, errors in performance have been taken to mean that the animals failed to learn the task or perhaps learned it and then forgot. But what if animals can experience a more interesting type of memory failure?

To find out, Chittka first trained bumblebees to expect a reward when visiting a yellow artificial flower followed by one with black-and-white rings. During subsequent tests, bees were given a choice between three types of flowers. Two were the types they’d seen in the training before. The third had yellow-and-white rings, representing a mixed-up version of the other two. Minutes after the training, the bees showed a clear preference for the flower that recently rewarded them.

One or three days later, however, something very different happened when the bumblebees’ memory was put to the test. At first, the bees showed the same preference displayed in the earlier tests, but as the time went on, they began selecting the flower with yellow rings, even though they’d never actually seen that one in training before.

Chittka says that insects make similar errors in the conjunction (结合) of long-term memories as humans do. The ability to extract (提取) common features between different events in the environment might come at the expense of remembering every detail correctly. In bees, with their limited brain capacity (容量), the pressure to store main features of several objects rather than each individual object might be much greater, compared with humans.

【1】Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?

A. Human memory can fail sometimes.

B. Bumblebees make false memories too.

C. Humans are not as clever as bumblebees.

D. Bumblebees have extraordinary memory.

【2】Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the underlined word “subsequent”?

A. scientific B. accurate

C. following D. exceptional

【3】According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. Memory failure influences students’ study effects.

B. Bumblebees’ memory is complicated and worth studying.

C. The bees couldn’t make out which flower had rewarded them days later.

D. Bumblebees are stupid insects with limited brain capacity.

【4】 What does the test mentioned in Paragraph 4 tell us?

A. Short-term memories serve the bees well.

B. The yellow artificial flower appeals to the bees.

C. Bumblebees like the flowers with yellow-and-white rings.

D. Bees have remarkable abilities to distinguish colors.

【5】We can infer from the passage that ______.

A. Chittka thinks that bumblebees failed to remember the color of the flowers

B. Researchers have learned that bumblebees are unreliable animals

C. There exist no similarities between the memory errors in humans and bees.

D. It is less challenging for humans than bees to store main features of several objects.

【题目】Willie's wife never gives him pocket money until he __________ clearly how he will spend it.

A. has explained B. explained

C. will explain D. is to explain

【题目】When the expression first came into being, people refused to use it but __________ they began to accept it.

A. usually B. gradually

C. frequently D. unwillingly

【题目】 As the oldest university in the English-speaking world, Oxford is a unique and historic institution. There is no clear date of foundation, but teaching existed at Oxford in some form in 1096 and developed rapidly from 1167, when Henry II banned English students from attending the University of Paris. From 1878, academic halls were established for women and they were admitted to full membership of the University in 1920. Five all-male colleges first admitted women in 1974. St Hilda's College, which was originally for women only, was the last of Oxford’s single sex colleges. It has admitted both men and women since 2008.

By 1200, the town of Cambridge had at least one school of some distinction. Then, in 1209, some scholars settled there. By 1226 the scholars were numerous enough to have set up an organisation, and seem to have arranged regular courses of study, taught by their own members. From the start there was conflict between the town and the students. Students, usually aged about fourteen or fifteen, often caused disturbances; citizens of the town, on the other hand, were known to overcharge for rooms and food. King Henry III took the scholars under his protection as early as 1231 and arranged for them to be sheltered from exploitation by their landlords.

The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a private research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Founded in 1861 in response to the increasing industrialization of the United States, MIT adopted a European university model and stressed laboratory instruction in applied science and engineering. The current 168-acre campus opened in 1916 and extends over 1 mile (1.6 km) along the northern bank of the Charles River basin.

On April 29, 1911, Tsinghua Xuetang began its first term of study, and from that year on, the Tsinghua’s anniversary has fallen on the last Sunday of April. Following the outbreak of the War of Resistance against Japan in 1937, Tsinghua University, Peking University and Nankai University combined to form the National Southwest Associated University in Kunming. After the war, Tsinghua University moved back to its original Beijing campus.

【1】The University of Oxford did not take in female students until ______.

A. 2008 B. 1878 C. 1920 D. 1974

【2】When the University of Cambridge was set up, ______.

A. there were too many scholars

B. students were mostly adults

C. King Henry III gave much help

D. the town people were very friendly

【3】The reason for founding MIT is ______.

A. to meet the need of American industrialization

B. to take advantage of the European university style

C. to cover an extended area along the Charles River

D. to stress research and education in the physical sciences

【4】Which of the four universities was once moved to another place in history?

A. Oxford. B. Cambridge.

C. MIT. D. Tsinghua.

【5】Which of the following statements is NOT true according to this passage?

A. Henry III banned students attending the University of Paris.

B. The landlords of Cambridge asked for too much money.

C. MIT covers a very large area of land.

D. Tsingua, Peking and Nankai once joined together.

【题目】Sweet memories __________ as I looked at the pictures __________ were taken at the beach last summer.

A. took out; which B. crowded in; which

C. ended up; that D. dropped by; that

【题目】 My sister-in-law is the ______ of the information, so it cant be false.

A. resource B. source

C. birthplace D. data

【题目】The two cakes are of __________ size, but the one they bought last week was twice __________ size of them.

A. the; the B. a; the

C. a; a D. the; a

【题目】 The father, ready to retire at an early age, hoped that his eldest son would ______ the family business.

A. take over B. look into

C. take up D. look through

【题目】 ______ strong and powerful China will certainly benefit ______ whole world.

A. A; a B. The; a

C. The; the D. A; the