【题目】Leadership is the most significant word in today’s competitive business environment because it directs the manager of a business to focus inward on their personal abilities and style. Experts on leadership will quickly point out that“how things get done”influences the success of the outcomes and indicates a right way and a wrong way to do things. When a noted leader on the art of management, Peter Drucker,coined the phrase“Management is doing things right; leadership is doing the right things, he was seeking to clarify the distinctions he associates with the terms.

When Stephen Covey,founder and director of the Leadership Institute, explored leadership styles in the past decade, he focused on the habits of a great number of higllly effective individuals. His Seven Habits of Highly Effective People became a popular bestseller very quickly. His ideas forced a reexamination of the early leadership example, which centered on the feature that was found in the character ethic(道德)and the personality ethic. The former ethic suggested success was founded on modesty,loyalty,courage, patience, and so on. The personality ethic suggested it was one’s attitude, not behavior,that inspired success, and this ethic was founded on a belief of positive mental attitude. In contrast to each of these ideas, Covey advocates that leaders need to understand universal principles of effectiveness, and he highlights how vital it is for leaders to first personally manage themselves if they are to enjoy any hope of outstanding success in their work environments; To achieve a desired vision for your business, it is essential that you have a personal vision of where you are headed and what you value. Business leadership means that managers need to“put first things first,” which implies that before leading others, you need to be clear on your own values, abilities, and strengths and be seen as trustworthy.

【1】【改编】 What does the first passage infer?

A. Leadership is doing the right thing.

B.Leaders should be good at doing things right.

C.Leaders should be good at ignoring distinctions.

D. Leaders needn't associate with the terms.

【2】【改编】What does Stephen Covey say?

A.When people have little determination, they will be successful.

B.When people have good behaviour, they will gain success.

C.If people have positive mental attitude, they are likely to succeed.

D.If people have negative mental attitude, they are certain to succeed.

【3】【改编】 To be good leaders, what must managers pay close attention to?

A．Universal principles of effectiveness．

B．Values，abilities and strengths．

C．Good qualities such as modesty．

D．Courage as well as patience．

【题目】As Internet users become more dependent on the Internet to store information, are people remember less? If you know your computer will save information, why store it in your own personal memory, your brain? Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how.

In a recent study, Professor Betsy Sparrow conducted some experiments. She and her research team wanted to know the Internet is changing memory. In the first experiment, they gave people 40 unimportant facts to type into a computer. The first group of people understood that the computer would save the information. The second group understood that the computer would not save it. Later, the second group remembered the information better. People in the first group knew they could find the information again, so they did not try to remember it.

In another experiment, the researchers gave people facts to remember, and told them where to find the information an the Internet. The information was in a specific computer folder (文件夹). Surprisingly, people later remember the folder location (位置) better than the facts. When people use the Internet, they do not remember the information. Rather, they remember how to find it. This is called “transactive memory (交互记忆)”

According to Sparrow, we are not becoming people with poor memories as a result of the Internet. Instead, computer users are developing stronger transactive memories; that is, people are learning how to organize huge quantities of information so that they are able to access it at a later date. This doesn’t mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent, but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing.

【1】The passage begins with two questions to ________.

A. introduce the main topic B. show the author’s altitude

C. describe how to use the Interne D. explain how to store information

【2】What can we learn about the first experiment?

A. Sparrow’s team typed the information into a computer.

B. The two groups remembered the information equally well.

C. The first group did not try to remember the formation.

D. The second group did not understand the information.

【3】In transactive memory, people ________.

A. keep the information in mind

B. change the quantity of information

C. organize information like a computer

D. remember how to find the information

【4】What is the effect of the Internet according to Sparrow's research?

A. We are using memory differently.

B. We are becoming more intelligent.

C. We have poorer memories than before.

D. We need a better way to access information.

【题目】人们完成工作的方式通常有两种：独立完成与合作完成，两种方式各有特点。请你以“Working Individually or Working in a Team”为题，按照以下要点写一篇英语短文：

(1)独立完成：自行安排，自己解决问题；

(2)合作完成：一起讨论，互相学习；

(3)我喜欢的方式及理由。

要求： 词数不少于80；开头已给出，不计入总词数。

Working Individually or Working in a Team

There are basically two ways to get work done.

_____________________________________________________________________

【题目】根据中文提示完成句子 （共7小题，满分7分）

【1】His hard work ______ ______ (得到回报) and he got first place in the competition.

【2】There are a good many parking lots ______ ______ （标明，画出）outside the museum.

【3】People were disappointed at the news ______ ______ _______ of the miners couldn’t find the gold. （听到大多数矿工找不到金子的消息，人们很失望)

【4】They ______ _______ ________ （保持、维持）the strange custom for centuries.

【5】______ ______ _______ _____ ______（使他沮丧的是） was that he failed the driving test again.

【6】I _____ ______ _____ ______ （反对他来）to my party as he still owes me an apology.

【7】It ______ ________ ________ ______（我突然想起） that I had a similar experience before.

【题目】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

First aid is of ___【1】__ (important) in our life. There is no doubt ___【2】___ it is necessary to know some knowledge of first aid as dangers lie everywhere and accidents happen from time to time. If a person has an accident, he needs medical care before a doctor can__【3】___(find) . But in the process of first aid, 【4】 the injured will be properly treated _【5】___(depend) on your knowledge of first aid . As ___【6】__ famous journalist, Yan Song leads a very simple life. But he not only has a good nose ___【7】___news, but also has __【8】__(admire) professional first aid skills, because he thinks if we know ___【9】__about first aid, perhaps a life can be saved.

Everybody should know some first aid in order to save other people's lives. Let’s take delight in __【10】__(acquire) skills of first aid.

【题目】

假定你是李华，从小喜爱大熊猫（panda）,一直通过有关网站(website)关注三年前在美国圣迭哥动物园出生的大熊猫“苏琳”和她的母亲“白云”。现在苏琳即将三岁。请根据以下要点给动物园工作人员写一封信：

自我介绍；祝贺苏琳生日；感谢工作人员；索取苏琳三岁生日照。

注意：1、词数100左右；

2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3、开头语已为你写好。

Dear Sir/Madam,

Greetings from China!

_____________________________________________________________________

Yours truly,

Li Hua

【题目】Experts have put forward detailed plans for a tunnel to join Taiwan with the Chinese mainland.

The shortest proposed route would be 126 kilometers—more than twice the length of the English Channel Tunnel.And the longest proposed route would be 207 kilometers.

A recent conference in Xiamen，Fujian Province brought together more than 70 experts.The event was co-sponsored（共同发起） by universities from Taiwan and the Chinese mainland.

Fujian is the province where both proposed routes would begin.

There is no direct passenger access between the mainland and Taiwan by air or sea at the moment.

Experts say that it is better to start research sooner rather than later，although there is a lack of government funding.There are no technical problems to build a Taiwan tunnel.But it will require an improved political relationship across the Straits（海峡）.

A professor of Tsinghua University said，“A special feature of huge projects is that the period of preparation is longer than the period of construction.”

For example，he said，the English Channel Tunnel took 14 years of planning and had been discussed for two centuries.And preparations for the huge Three Gorges（三峡） dam on the Yangtze River began in the 1950s.

The Xiamen conference focused on the longest southern route，which would use the Taiwan-controlled islands of Jinmen and Penghu as stepping stones.

The first stage of the new project could be a bridge to cross the five kilometres between Xiamen and Jinmen.This would mean that travelling from Xiamen to Jinmen by car would only take five minutes.

The longest tunnel now being planned anywhere in the world is the 54-kilometre land tunnel to link Lyon in France with Turin in Italy.The tunnel will not be completed until 2015-2020.

【1】Which is the longest tunnel in the world at present？

A. The English Channel Tunnel.

B. The tunnel between Lyon and Turin.

C. The Taiwan Straits tunnel.

D. The passage doesn’t mention it.

【2】The example of the English Channel Tunnel shows

.

A. it’s not easy to complete a huge project

B. there are many problems to be solved before doing something

C. discussions among countries usually take a lot of time

D.the preparation takes longer time than the construction

【3】 Which of the following is NOT true?

A. Universities both at home and abroad have sponsored the plan.

B. If the project is completed，the world’s longest tunnel will appear.

C. You can’t reach Taiwan from the mainland directly at present.

D. The starting point of the proposed tunnel is in Fujian.

【4】 What is the possible difficulty in carrying out the plan？

A. The lack of money for the project from the government.

B. Improving the relationship between Taiwan and the mainland.

C. The detailed plans for the tunnel.

D. The technical problems with the tunnel.

【题目】Think about the different ways that people use the wind.You can use it to fly a kite or to sail a boat.Wind is one of our cleanest and richest power sources （来源），as well as one of the oldest.Evidence shows that windmills （风车） began to be used in ancient Iran back in the seventh century BC.They were first introduced to Europe during the 1100s,when armies returned from the Middle East with knowledge of using wind power.

For many centuries,people used windmills to grind （磨碎） wheat into flour or pump water from deep underground.When electricity was discovered in the late 1800s,people living in remote areas began to use them to produce electricity.This allowed them to have electric lights and radio.However,by the 1940s when electricity was available to people in almost all areas of the United States,windmills were rarely used.

During the 1970s,people started becoming concerned about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to produce electricity.People also realized that the supply of coal and gas would not last forever.Then,wind was rediscovered,though it means higher costs.Today,there is a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind.

【1】From the text we know that windmills .

A. were invented by European armies

B. have a history of more than 2,800 years

C. used to supply power to radio in remote areas

D. have rarely been used since electricity was discovered

【2】What was a new use for wind power in the late 19th century?

A. Sailing a boat.

B. Producing electricity.

C. Grinding wheat into flour.

D. Pumping water from underground.

【3】One of the reasons wind was rediscovered in the 1970s is that .

A. wind power is cleaner

B. it is one of the oldest power sources

C. it was cheaper to create energy from wind

D. the supply of coal and gas failed to meet needs

【4】What would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?

A. The advantages of wind power.

B. The design of wind power plants.

C. The worldwide movement to save energy.

D. The global trend towards producing power from wind.

【题目】Food serves as a form of communication in two fundamental ways. Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust. Food can also have a specific meaning, and play a significant role in a family or culture's celebrations or traditions. The foods we eat—and when and how we eat them—are often unique to a particular culture or may even differ between rural (农村的) and urban areas within one country.

Sharing bread, whether during a special occasion (时刻) or at the family dinner table, is a common symbol of togetherness. Many cultures also celebrate birthdays and marriages with cakes that are cut and shared among the guests. Early forms of cake were simply a kind of bread, so this tradition hits its roots in the custom of sharing bread.

Food also plays an important role in many New Year celebrations. In the southern United States, pieces of corn bread represent blocks of gold for prosperity (兴旺) in the New Year. In Greece, people share a special cake called vasilopita. A coin is put into the cake, which signifies (预示) success in the New Year for the person who receives it.

Many cultures have ceremonies to celebrate the birth of a child, and food can play a significant role. In China, when a baby is one month old, families name and welcome their child in a celebration that includes giving red-colored eggs to guests. In many cultures, round foods such as grapes, bread, and moon cakes are eaten at welcome celebrations to represent family unity.

Nutrition is necessary for life, so it is not surprising that food is such an important part of different cultures around the world.

【1】According to the passage, sharing bread______.

A. indicates a lack of food

B. can help to develop unity

C. is a custom unique to rural areas

D. has its roots in birthday celebrations

【2】What does the coin in vasilopita signify for its receiver in the New Year?

A. Trust. B. Success.

C. Health. D. Togetherness.

【3】The author explains the role of food in celebrations by______.

A. using examples B. making comparisons

C. analyzing causes D. describing processes

【4】What is the passage mainly about?

A. The custom of sharing food.

B. The specific meaning of food.

C. The role of food in ceremonies.

D. The importance of food in culture.

【题目】语境填词

【1】Do e__________ as I tell you.

【2】He o____________ what the manager was doing.

【3】Did you n________ a young man enter the shop?

【4】He said that he was f________ to his boss.

【5】To him that was a m________ moment.

【6】The prisoner wanted to ________ (逃离) from the prison.

【7】The young writer learned a great deal from the works written by __________ (大师) in literature.

【8】They had only a ________ (模糊的) idea where the place was.

【9】Parents’ natural desire to protect their children should be ______________ (使……平衡) by the child’s need for independence.

【10】He said nothing，________ (仅仅，只是) smiled and watched her.