“The man who donated it died, unfortunately,” said Ellen Handyside, an undergraduate student at Queen’s University. “We are really starting from scratch in determining its history Ellen Handyside is leading the research into the amber-surrounded lizard. She and her colleagues analyzed the chemical composition of the 4.7-inch -long piece of amber and learned some facts. “The amber wasn’t actually artificial,” she told Live Science, “and we found that it did match up quite well to an amber sample.”

The researchers analyzed the amber's carbon and hydrogen isotopes(同位素) and the results indicated that the amber was formed from the sap of a flowering tree. Moreover, the results suggested that the tree and the lizard, for that matter, lived in an area with a lot of rainfall and dated to the Neogene, a period that lasted from the end of the Paleogene Period 23.03 million years ago to the beginning of the present Quatemary Period. Next, the scientific team realized that the 2.7-inch-long lizard was likely a gecko(壁虎), according to a detailed, 3D, digital model of the animal’s body that the researchers created through X-ray microscopy scans.

“We looked at the skull ---the teeth are in place and the ear bones are there too. And we’ve even got some flesh, skin and its long toes,” Handyside said. “It’s fantastic!” She said she hoped that they could figure out how the creature fit into the gecko family tree. “When you think of a gecko, you think of short and fat toes and sticky pads. That isn’t what we’re looking at, but it’s more likely to live in trees. If it were a tree-living creature, then its death actually could make more sense,” Handyside said.

【1】What can probably be inferred about the amber?

A. It was obtained by a museum at a low price.

B. Its original owner knew nothing about it.

C. It was found to be a unique type of amber.

D. Its donor didn't say much about its history.

【2】What was found about the lizard through studying isotopes?

A. Its category.

B. Its shape.

C. Its living habit.

D. Its living surroundings.

【3】What can we learn from Handyside’s words?

A. The Lizard's death was caused by a gecko,

B. The lizard has fat and short toes.

C. The lizard is preserved very well.

D. The lizard belongs to the tree living creature.

【4】What does the author mainly tell us in this passage?

A. The discovery of a piece of natural amber.

B. The mystery about a piece of amber.

C. The research into a piece of amber.

D. The meaningful death of a lizard.

A calorie is the measure of stored energy in something---energy that can be released as heat when burned. The term calorie on food labels is short for kilocalorie. A kilocalorie is the amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by 1 degree Celsius. But what does boiling water have to do with your body’s release of energy from food? After all, your body doesn’t start boiling after eating. It does, however, chemically break down food into sugars. The body then releases the energy to fuel processes and activities throughout each hour of the day.

Food contains three main types of nutrients that deliver energy: fats, proteins and carbs(碳水化合物). A process called metabolism(新陈代谢) first cuts these into small pieces; Proteins break down into amino acids(氨基酸), fats into fatty acids and carbs into simple sugars. Then, the body uses oxygen to break down these materials to release heat.

Most of this energy goes toward powering the heart, lungs, brain and other vital processes. Exercise and other activities also use energy. If energy-rich nutrients aren’t used right away, your body will hoard them---first in the liver(肝脏), and then later as body fat.

In general, someone should eat the same amount of energy each day as his or her body will use. If the balance is off, they will win lose or gain weight. It’s very easy to eat more calories than the body needs. Having two 200-calorie donuts in addition to regular meals could easily put teens over their daily needs. At the same time, it’s nearly impossible to balance overeating with extra exercise. Running a mile burns just 100 calories. Knowing how many calories are in the food we eat can help keep the energy in and out balanced.

【1】How much energy does it need to lift the temperature of 5 kilograms of water by 10 degree Celsius?

A. One kilocalorie.

B. Five kilocalories.

C. Ten kilocalories.

D. Fifty kilocalories.

【2】What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?

A. How the nutrients are classified.

B. How oxygen works in human body.

C. How the food types affect metabolism.

D. How the body gets heat from nutrients.

【3】What does the underlined word “hoard” in Paragraph 4 mean?

A. Store.

B. Remove.

C. Replace.

D. Burn.

【4】What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A. It is good for our health to do exercises.

B. It’s really difficult to control our weight.

C. It is important to control the calories we take.

D. It is good for our body to eat the same type of nutrients.

1写信目的；

2性格优点(外向、热情、友好等)；

3语言优势(懂英语、了解一些中外文化等)。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Tony,

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Yours truly,

Li Hua

【题目】阅读理解
Have you ever found yourself in his situation: You hear a song you used to sing when you were a child-a bit of nostalgia(怀旧) or “blast from the past,” as we say. But it is not a distant childhood memory. The words come back to you as clearly as when you sang them all those years ago.
Researchers at the University of Edinburgh studied the relationship between music and remembering a foreign language. They found that remembering words in a song was the best way to remember even one of the most difficult languages.
Here is what they did. Researchers took 60 adults and randomly divided them into three groups of 20. Then they gave the groups three different types of “listen-and-repeat” learning conditions. Researchers had one group simply speak the words. They had the second group speak the words to a rhythm, or beat. And they asked the third group to sing the words.
All three groups studied words from the Hungarian language for 15 minutes. Then they took part in a series of language tests to see what they remembered.
Why Hungarian, you ask? Researchers said they chose Hungarian because not many people know the language. It does not share any roots with Germanic or Romance languages, such as Italian or Spanish. After the tests were over, the singers came out on top. The people who learned these new Hungarian words by singing them showed a higher overall performance. They did the best in four out of five of the tests. They also performed two times better than those who simply learned the words by speaking them.
Dr. Katie Overy says singing could lead to new ways to learn a foreign language. The brain likes to remember things when they are contained in a catchy 3, or memorable 4, tune 5.
Dr. Ludke said the findings could help those who struggle to learn foreign languages. On the University of Edinburgh's website Dr. Ludke writes, “This study provides the first experimental evidence that a listen-and-repeat singing method can support foreign language learning, and opens the door for future research in this area.”
（1）The “song” mentioned in the first paragraph is intended to__________.
A.recall the past
B.attract the readers
C.introduce the topic
D.compare the childhood with the present
（2）According to the passage which language doesn't share the same root with Germanic or Romance languages?
A.Hungarian
B.Spanish
C.Italian
D.English
（3）Based on the last two paragraphs, we can conclude that __________
A.singing is the best way to learn a language.
B.the brain probably works best when the foreign language learners sing the words.
C.a listen-repeat method is very effective for any language learner.
D.Dr. Katie Overy and Dr. Ludke disagree with each other.
（4）In which situation can the finding of the research be applied?
A.A mother is going to teach her baby how to speak.
B.A child is going to have his first music lesson.
C.A student is going to learn a new English song.
D.An American is going to learn some Chinese.

In Beijing Opera, facial painting can be quite complex(复杂的). However, in the 【3】 (begin), only three colours【4】(use)-red, white and black. Now, many other colours, such 【5】 yellow, purple, blue and green, are used for facial painting.

Red is a colour for【6】(brave) and loyalty. Guan Yu, a general from the Three Kingdoms Period(AD 220-280) is a good example of this kind of character. He is famous 【7】 being very loyal to his emperor, Liu bei.

White means all 【8】 is bad in human nature. One of the typical white-faced characters is Cao Cao, a【9】 (power) and cruel prime minister from the Three Kingdoms Period.

Black face paint is 【10】(usual) used for someone who is fierce and violent. One typical example is General Zhang Fei from the classic novel, The Romance of the Three Kingdoms.

All these different colours are used in Beijing Opera facial painting to show a clear picture of each character.

【题目】阅读理解
Years ago I moved to Woodland Hills to take a job in a small hospital's emergency department. No one wanted to work on Christmas Eve, so the shift（轮班）went to me. I kissed my family goodbye and went off to spend the night in the hospital. It was a thankless job.
At 9 pm, the ambulance brought in a man in his 60s who was having a heart attack. His face was pale, and he was frightened. The whole night I did my best to save his life. Before I left in the morning to spend Christmas with my family, I stopped by to see how he was doing. It was still tough, but he had survived the night and was sleeping.
The following year I got Christmas Eve duty again. At 9 pm sharp, the ward clerk told me there was a couple who wanted to speak with me. When I approached them, the man introduced himself as Mr. Lee and said, “You probably don't remember me, but last Christmas Eve you saved my life. Thank you for the year you gave me.” He and his wife hugged me, handed me a small gift, and left.
The following year a new doctor had joined the group, but I wanted to see if Mr. and Mrs. Lee would return. This time, I volunteered for the shift. I kept an eye on the door. Once again, at exactly 9 pm, the Lees appeared, carrying a warmly wrapped bundle. It was their new grandchild. Mr. Lee, his family and I spent 13 Christmas Eves together.
The last year I saw him, he brought me a gift. I carefully opened the package and found a crystal bell inside. It was carved with a single word: Friendship. Now, my family, friends and I ring that bell every Christmas Eve at exactly 9 pm and offer our best wishes to the man who we won't forget.
（1）The author had to work the night shift on Christmas Eve probably because ______.
A.she was a new arrival
B.she was more experienced
C.her colleagues had no passion for working
D.her colleagues wanted to give her a surprise
（2）When the author left the hospital the next morning, ______.
A.Mr. Lee's heart sank
B.Mr. Lee insisted on leaving hospital
C.Mr. Lee got very angry with her
D.Mr. Lee was out of immediate danger
（3）What does the author ring the bell every Christmas Eve for
A.To honor an old friend of hers.
B.To offer best wishes to her family and friends.
C.To show off her special gift.
D.To fill her family and friends with hopes.
（4）What could be the best title for the passage?
A.A Kind Couple
B.A Severe Heart Attack
C.A thankless task
D.A Special Appointment

【题目】短文改错。假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dear Tom,
I'm glad to hear that you are considering make up with Peter. If I am you, I would consider a bike as a birthday present for him.
As far as I know it, Peter is always in poor health so he can take more exercises by riding a bike to build up his body. In the meanwhile, you can often go outing by bike together, which is helpfully in rebuilding your friendship. Beside, taking a bike is an environmentally-friendly means of transport. It's convenient him to get around as well.
Apart from giving him the gift, you can also adopt other means, such as traveling, seeing a movie, having dinner and going shopping. No matter how you do, being sincere was the most important. I really hope that you can be good friends forever.
Best wishes!
Li Hua

【题目】书面表达。假定你是李华，高考(National Matriculation Test)后想去澳大利亚旅行15天，主要想更多地了解当地文化和大学。给你的澳洲朋友Joe写信，请他根据你的时间和旅行目的对你附件中的行程(itinerary)进行一些修改。
注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Interviews are never very easy, but you can improve your chances of getting the job of your dreams by following our advice.

Smell nice

Experts warn against arriving for an interview the moment after smoking or drinking any alcohol as it gives a bad impression.【1】

Sound impressive

The tone of your voice says a lot about you. So, practice reading things aloud—even recording yourself so you can hear what you sound like.【2】

Look the part

Make sure you dress properly. And pay close attention to your shoes. Obviously，your shoes say a lot about you. 【3】Experts say it shows you care a lot about punctuality (准时).

Keep eye contact

【4】This creates a very bad impression. Eye contact suggests confidence And if you're being interviewed by a group of people, make sure you make eye contact with Interviewers。

Have some pre-prepared questions

Asking a few questions shows interest, so prepare some ahead of time. Experts suggest asking about your future with the company as it gives the impression that you see yourself here in the long term. Something like “【5】” is the sort of thing to ask.

A. will there be a training?

B. Act as if you belong there.

C. Oh, remember to wear a watch.

D. Remember to turn off your mobile phone!

E. Do you speak too slowly or too loudly?

F. When were nervous, we often stare at our feet.

G. Also, avoid food that gives you had breath before the interview.

1. 表示歉意:

2. 解释具体原因，并希望他能谅解;

3. 告诉他下次练习的时间、地点及话题。

注意:1. 词数100 左右;

2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

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