Researchers have long known that routine sleep deprivation(缺乏) can cause weight gain and increase other health risks, including diabetes. But there are still some people who hope that shutting off the alarm on Saturday and Sunday will repay the weekly sleep debt and remove any ill effects.

The research, published in Current Biology, ruins those hopes. Despite complete freedom to sleep in and nap during a weekend recovery period, participants in a sleep laboratory who were limited to five hours of sleep on weekdays gained nearly three pounds over two weeks and experienced metabolic disruption(代谢紊乱) that would increase their risk for diabetes over the long term. While weekend recovery sleep had some benefits after a single week of insufficient sleep, those gains were wiped out when people returned right to their same sleep schedule the next Monday.

“If there are benefits of catch-up sleep, they’ re gone when you go back to your routine. It’ s very short-lived,” said Kenneth Wright, who oversaw the research. “These health effects are long-term. It’ s kind of like smoking once was—people would smoke and wouldn’ t see an immediate effect on their health, but people will say now that smoking is not a healthy lifestyle choice. I think sleep is in the early phase of where smoking used to be.”

Wright said that the study suggests people should prioritize sleep—cutting out the optional “sleep stealers” such as watching television shows or spending time on electronic devices. Even when people don’t have a choice about losing sleep due to child-care responsibilities or job schedules, they should think about prioritizing sleep in the same way they would think about a healthy diet or exercise.

【1】What had the researchers already known before doing the new research?

A. The actual benefits of weekend recovery sleep.

B. Harm to health caused by the lack of routine sleep.

C. People’ s habit of shutting off the alarm during holidays.

D. The relationship between body weight and sleep amount.

【2】Kenneth Wright mentioned smoking to _________.

A. call on smokers to completely abandon smoking

B. advise people to go to sleep when they want to smoke

C. show people have known the harm brought by smoking

D. show people will someday notice the bad effects of sleep deprivation

【3】What does the underlined word “prioritize” in the last paragraph probably mean?

A. Putting tasks in order of importance.

B. Getting more than enough of something to deposit it.

C. Cutting down something that is not necessary any more.

D. Treating something as being more important than others.

【4】What can be the best title for the text?

A. Weekend catch-up sleep is a lie.

B. Bad sleep habits are harmful to health.

C. Smoking is not the worst thing to health.

D. A new study has an unexpected discovery.

【1】What is the probable relationship between the speakers?

A. Strangers.B. Roommates.C. Neighbors.

【2】Where did Paul get the information about the flat?

A. From a good friend.B. From Mrs Hamilton.C. From the newspaper.

【3】How many bedrooms are there in the flat?

A. Three.B. Two.C. One.

【4】What does the woman ask Paul to do?

A. Pay the rent first.B. Come to see the flat.C. Call her this afternoon.

内容包括：1. 简单介绍太极拳。例如：是中国传统武术的一种；大约400年历史；全球有3亿太极拳练习者，等等。2. 给Chris几条有关学习太极拳的建议。

注意：1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

可能用到的词汇：Tai Chi太极拳；martial art武术：

Dear Chris,

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Yours,

Li Hua

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Dear Sir,

I’m writing to offer some advices on our winter travel. In my opinion, a one-week trip to a countryside can’t be good. The fresh air and various activities will guarantee us a healthy life here.

We may go by bike to enjoy the landscape. During the trip, we can arrange some activities, from what we will benefit a lot, such as playing snowballs, building a snowman, going skating and climb a mountain. We can even invite the local students join us, not only to improve their English but also to deepen their understanding of the countryside. I am confident to establish friendship and harvest happy from this trip.

I would appreciate it that if you could take my plan into consideration.

【1】What is the woman doing?

A. Asking for advice.B. Chairing a meeting.C. Hosting a program.

【2】When was Bergen founded?

A. In 1070.B. In the 1200s.C. In the 1830s.

【3】What does Mr Wilson suggest people do in Bergen?

A. Read a fairy tale.B. Walk around the city.C. Buy a wooden house.

Some day, our world may 【1】 (fill) with driverless cars. But.【2】 will we communicate with them if there’s nobody in the driver’s seat?

At present, drivers can make gestures like【3】 (nod) when they let us cross the street.【4】 self-driving cars don’t have this ability.

The US car maker Ford and its partner Virginia Tech 【5】 (try) to solve this problem. The team is testing a method 【6】 uses light signals. For example, a slow-blinking tight shows the car is coming to 【7】 stop, and a rapidly flashing light tells passers-by that the car is about to speed up.

【8】 (test) the method on real roads, the team has designed a special suit that looks like a car scat. When a driver wears it, it appears as if the car were driverless.

The team has 【9】 (successful) collected more than 1,500 hours of data, which has recorded how people interacted with a “driverless” car. Ford says it plans to share the data 【10】 11 other car makers, which should lead to a signaling system that will be used in every driverless car.

【1】Where are the speakers?

A. At the theater.B. At the hospital.C. At the railway station.

【2】What does the woman do?

A. She’ s a driver.B. She’ s a singer.C. She’ s a doctor.

【3】What did the man do to help the woman?

A. Book the hotel.B. Look after Alan.C. Play in the concert.

Try to sleep at the same time every day

Your body’s internal clock will become accustomed to going to sleep and waking up at the same lime every day. Going to sleep at 10 pm and waking up at 6 am is a good method of getting enough sleep. 【1】

Get the right mattress（床垫）

Having the right bed and mattress is very important for getting a good sleep. Having an uncomfortable place to sleep at will cause you to wake up during the night. This will have a negative effect on your sleep cycle. 【2】 These beds can be customized for what you need.

【3】

In the modem age, it is too easy to get distracted by technology. Many people have television In their bedrooms and use their smart phones when they should be sleeping. If someone previously has difficulty in getting to sleep, It is likely that he will give up and watch a show instead. He tells himself that it will help him to get to sleep. 【4】

Exercise regularly

【5】 The afternoon or the evening is a pretty popular time for people to work out. It can sometimes be difficult if you have a full-time job, but things can usually be rearranged a bit.

A. Get rid of distractions

B. Improve your sleep habit

C. Actually, the opposite of this is true

D. Sleep can make them happy and watching am help sleep

E. Adjustable beds are something that you could consider

F. Having a regular exercise pattern will improve the quality of sleep that you get

G. Waking when the sun rises should leave you feeling nice and refreshed for the day ahead of you.

Over the past decade, foodborne illnesses have caused many people to get sick. Food like spinach（菠菜）, ground beef and cantaloupes（甜瓜）has been sent back to producers, because it is bound to contain germs and bacteria that cause illnesses.

Among the most common problems are dangerous bacteria that cause stomach pains and food poisoning. Often these illnesses occur when food is undercooked or improperly prepared. While not all illnesses are reported, the FDA estimates that nearly 130,000 Americans a year are hospitalized for food-related problems.

The two new rules proposed by the FDA are called Preventive Controls for Human Food and Standards for Produce Safety. Each rule is described in detail on the FDA’s website. Readers can submit comments, which the FDA will use as feedback to mike future adjustments to the proposals.

The first rule demands manufacturers should have formal plans for preventing contamination and for fixing problems when contamination occurs. This regulation is applied to food produced in the US and overseas.

The second rule k specific to food that is eaten raw. It requires strict standards of growing harvesting, and packing fruit and vegetables. Workers must make sure the materials used in soil are safe and free of contamination.

The FDA believes these new rules will not just improve Americans’ health but also make a positive economic impact. The regulations can lead to major savings in medical costs for people who get sick because of the contamination food.

If manufacturers are able to fix problems at source, they will prevent future issuer However, putting the proposals into action will lake lime and money.

【1】Why are the two proposals released by the FDA?

A. To make sure food is safe B. To increase the variety of food

C. To raise people’s health awareness D. To prevent disease from s|>reading

【2】Which way will you use to express your opinions about the two rules?

A. E-mail the FDA B. Call the FDA office

C. Visit the FDA website D. Write a letter to the FDA

【3】Who are the two new rules proposed by the FDA intended for?

A. Food suppliers B. Food manufacturers

C. Consumer D. Food processors

【4】What can you learn from the last two paragraphs?

A. More people will buy vegetables

B. Fewer patients will go to hospital for eating contamination food

C. Patients will spend more money on medical care.

D. The regulations are expected to come into effect soon.

1. 社团成立时间、目的；

2.即将开展的活动；

3. 报名方式：TaiJiClub.@sina.com

注意：1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。太极拳：Taijiquan

Dear Tim,

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Looking forward to your reply.

Yours,

Li Hua