New research funded by the National Institutes of Health found brain changes among kids using screens more than seven hours a day and lower cognitive(认知的) skills among those using screens more than two hours a day.

When studies find links between screen time and negative outcomes, some have argued that this is just the latest moral panic over technology.After all, didn't today's grandparents once worry that their kids were watching too much TV or talking on the phone too much? Those kids( today's parents )turned out OK, right?

In a new paper, my co-authors and I found that children who spent four or more hours a day on portable devices(设备)--compared with no time-were over 44 percent more likely to sleep not enough.TV time was also connected to less sleep, but not as strongly or consistently.

For one thing, TV is not so psychologically stimulating(刺激性的)as a portable device like a smartphone, which, unlike TV.doesn’t exist to simply consume media.Smartphones have also become a huge part of social life, whether it's texting with friends or interacting with them on social media.

And unlike TV, portable devices can be silently carried into the bedroom or even the bed, resulting in some teens using them throughout the night.

That might explain why lack of sleep among teens spiked after 2012-just as smartphone use became common.

So what is a parent-or anyone who wants to sleep well-to do?

First, it's best for smartphones and tablets to stay out of the bedroom after"lights-out"time.Nor is it a great idea to use the devices within an hour of bedtime, as their blue light influences the brain’s ability to produce melatonin (褪黑激素).Finally, as a general rule, two hours a day or less spent on portable devices is a good guideline.These rules apply to parents, too -not only kids.

【1】What is the third paragraph mainly about?

A.Today's parents' health condition.

B.Grandparents’ influence on their kids.

C.Bad effects of too much screen time on kids.

D.Some people,'s opinion on the findings of the studies.

【2】What is a reason for portable devices' being more strongly associated with less sleep?

A.They only consume media.B.They are convenient to carry.

C.They are better used in daytime.D.They are independent of social life.

【3】What does the underlined word"spiked" in paragraph 7 probably mean?

A.rose quickly.B.stood still.

C.grew equally.D.decreased abruptly.

【4】What's the author's advice on how to get a good sleep?

A.Never bring screens into the bedroom.

B.Allow parents to adapt the rules for themselves.

C.Avoid the devices within an hour of bedtime.

D.Spend exactly two hours a day on the devices.

A. in order that　　B. because　　　 C. so as to　　 D. in order to

1. 提供单独的房间; 2. 房子的地点; 3. 免费提供生活用品（洗衣机等）; 4. 每月房租。

请根据以上内容写一篇100词左右的电子邮件，开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总字数，可适当增加细节。参考词汇： 住宿家庭 host family

Dear Sir/Madam:

I am going to study in the UK next year.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Look forward to your early reply.

Sincerely yours,

Li Hua

In the 1830s, William Procter and James Gamble started a small factory in Cincinnati, in which candles and pieces of soap 【1】 (produce). However, the market for candles suddenly fell as a result of Thomas Edison’s 【2】 (invent) of the electric light. The situation appeared to be hopeless for Mr. Procter and Mr. Gamble, 【3】 an accident saved their company.

One day in 1879, a forgetful worker forgot 【4】 (stop) his machine when he went to lunch. A lot of air made its way into the mixture. Instead of 【5】 (throw) away the mixture, he made it into soap. The soap was cut, packed and shipped. Filled with air bubbles (气泡), the new soap was 【6】 (light) than water. 【7】 (nature), it floated. The soap was given the name “Ivory Soap”.

To 【8】 (they) surprise, Mr. Procter and Mr. Gamble received lots of letters 【9】 the buyers for that “accidental” soap. They wanted more of 【10】 soap, which floated!

You may wonder why that product was so popular. In Cincinnati, many people bathed in the Ohio River and the floating soap would never get lost. Ivory Soap became a best selling thing because of the worker’s mistake.

A major source of teen stress is school exams, and test anxiety is not uncommon. When you recognize your teen is under stress, how can parents help your teen stay calm before an exam?

Be involved. Parents need to be involved in their teen’s work.【1】What they look for is your presence — to talk, to cry, or simply to sit with them quietly. Communicate openly with your teen. Encourage your teen to express her worries and fears, but don’t let them focus on those fears.

Help them get organized.【2】Together , you and your teen can work out a time—table in which she can study for what she knows will be on the test.

Provide a calm setting. Help your teen set up a quiet place to study and protect his privacy. Give them a nutritious diet. It is important for your teen to eat a healthy, balanced diet during exam times to focus and do her best.【3】If this happens, encourage your teen to eat light meals or sandwiches. A healthy diet, rather than junk food, is best for reducing stress.

【4】Persuade your teenager to get some sleep and /or do something active when she needs a real break from studying. Making time for relaxation, fun, and exercise are all important in reducing stress. Help your teen balance her time so that she will feel comfortable taking time out from studying to spend time with friends or rest.

Show a positive attitude.【5】Your panic, anxiety and blame contribute to your teen’s pressure. Make your teen feel accepted and valued for her efforts. Most importantly, reassure your teen that things will be all right , no matter what the results are.

E. The best thing is simply to listen.

F. Help your teen think about what she has to study and plan accordingly.

G. Your teen may also make negative comments about themselve

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

Dear Sir,

Thank you very much for invite me to the summer English course in your school. As for my choice between the two courses, I prefer the four-week course because of this will allow me more time to do some traveling but make a few new friends. Of all the subject I’m learning at school, I like English best. I had been learning English for eleven years but my spoken English remains to be poorly. So I really hope to take this chance to improve them. If possible, I’d like to stay with a family for a couple of days so that I can learn some customs in England, that I’m particularly interesting in. I believe I will have good time this summer.

Yours truly,

Li Hua

【1】我们不仅应该要勇敢，而且要谨慎。

Not only __________ ________ be brave, but also be cautious.

【2】直到10点他才回家

It was __________ __________ ten o’clock __________ he went back home.

【3】被告知了很多次，他仍然犯同样的错误。

_________ _________ _________ many times, he still repeated the same mistake.

【4】父亲极力反对我的婚事。

My father _________ violently __________ _________ my marriage.

【5】孩子们该睡觉了。

__________ __________ __________ children ___________ to bed.

I think my mom sensed I was a little . That was why she was always there to pick me up right after school when I could have ridden the bus. I would sit in the front seat her and tell her all about my . Sometimes we would even read a book and until all the cars and the buses had left before we home. I felt so safe and peaceful when we sat in the car together. I those special times when I had my mom all to myself. Beginning the new challenge of school didn’t seem so when I knew I could talk about it with her. Being a tiny, little kid in a big scary wasn’t so bad either. I knew my mom loved me and that was all I to be loving, joyful, and strong.

I look back on those happy times, I can see now that they also me for what I would find later in life. Even after she too soon, I could still feel her love flowing down from Heaven.

The next time this world seems too scary or hard, then don’t . Instead, invite love to the of your soul, close the doors, and spend some time alone together.

【1】A. tools B. toys C. animals D. fruits

【2】A. politer B. cleverer C. bigger D. richer

【3】A. celebration B. holiday C. program D. birthday

【4】A. allowed B. shown C. pushed D. guided

【5】A. village B. class C. home D. Neighborhood

【6】A. afraid B. tired C. hungry D. excited

【7】A. faithfully B. easily C. luckily D. happily

【8】A. under B. behind C. next to D. in front of

【9】A. trip B. day C. plan D. experiment

【10】A. perform B. play C. argue D. wait

【11】A.drove B. moved C. rushed D. stepped

【12】A. imagined B. ignored C. valued D. forgot

【13】A. clear B. dangerous C. difficult D. strange

【14】A. community B. factory C. city D. world

【15】A. afforded B. offered C. agreed D. needed

【16】A. As B. Until C. Although D. Since

【17】A. forgave B. prepared C. praised D. rewarded

【18】A. built up B. came back C. set off D. passed away

【19】A. turn up B. look around C. run away D. break in

【20】A. car B. way C. side D. part

Ferrigno, who once worked as a tailor before starting a family, got the idea for her unique hand-made suit last August.She was at a family picnic and saw on of the other guests carrying a purse made from re-purposed plastic bags.It attracted her, so she and her daughter searched for instructions on how to make one on You Tube.The 75 -year-old ended up making a purse from colorful plastic bags.But that was only the beginning.After finishing her second plastic bag purse, Ferrigno realized she needed something to match it with, so last November she told her daughter she was going to make a skirt and jacket suit out of plastic bags, as a winter project.

Rosa started by cutting up the plastic bags into strips(A.)and then tying them together to make longer, yarn- like strips that could be knitted.But to knit the plastic yarn, she needed that didn't exist on the market so she made them on her own.

The suit took Rosa two months to complete.The jacket was made out of 170 plastic bags, and the skirt required another 140.Although she didn’t even use a pattern when knitting the impressive suit, it ended up fitting her perfectly, and when she finally showed it off at the supermarket earlier this month, everyone went crazy.

“We love it when our customers reuse or recycle grocery bags, but never have we seen a work of art like Rosa's! It's really fantastic "Jo Natale, the supermarket chains vice president of media relations, said.

【1】What makes Rosa Ferrigno,s new suit special?

A.Its unique way of knitting.B.Its unusual knitting material.

C.Its being knitted by an old lady.D.Its being able to sing when touched

【2】How did Rosa learn to make purses out of plastic bags?

A.By modelling a guest.B.By consulting her daughter.

C.By watching You Tube videos.D.By asking a tailor for instructions.

【3】What do Jo Natale's words in the last paragraph suggest?

A.She thinks highly of Rosa’s behavior.

B.Rosa's work of art will become popular.

C.The potential of grocery bags needs further developing.

D.She thinks all customers should follow Rosa’s footsteps.

【4】What can be inferred about Rosa from the text?

A.She is quite able and patient.

B.She is good at matching clothes.

C.She does nothing without careful planning.

D.She likes showing off her knitting

删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。

注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者(从11处起)不计分。

Dear Sir/Madam,

I’m one of your customer. I ordered a set of books on your website two weeks ago, but I didn’t received it until yesterday. And much to my disappointment, the books were too poorly packed up that the cover of one book were torn. To make matters worse, it is not a complete set, as I found one book missed.

I’m sorry to have received such poorly service, and I believe I have every right ask you to deal with this problem. I hope that you either return my money back or deliver a new set of books to me. Beside, I’d like to be informed of the process of you deal with my complaint.

Looking forward to your reply.