When it comes to being responsible for our own rubbish, the best way to approach it is by following the three golden rules of waste management, or the'3 Rs'-Reduce, Reuse and Recycle.

"The order is important.【2】，" says Eugene Tay, Director of Green Future Solutions in Singapore. "Recycling still affects the environment and should be done last after reduce and reuse."

But, when our efforts to reduce and reuse still result in an overflowing rubbish bin, the advantages of recycling cannot be ignored. "【3】," says Amy Ho, Managing Director of World Wide Fund For Nature in Singapore. "The damage to our environment could then be slowed down as a result. "

In fact, by recycling just one plastic bottle, you are saving not just the material to make a new one, but you also stop it from getting thrown into a landfill（垃圾掩埋场）for up to 700 years-and that's before it even starts to rot. 【4】.

Recycling is so important that we really have no excuse not to do the simplest of household tasks that will make a difference.

"【5】，" says Ho. "Starting with recycling grey water for gardening purposes, to recycling materials such as glass, paper and iron-it all reduces the use of raw materials."

A. We put it in the bin and don't think too far beyond that

B. The collective action of individuals can make a significant effect

C. It's important for every household to make good use of grey water

D. Waste reduction and reuse is usually the best way to decrease waste

E. The three rules of waste management should be followed by every household

F. Recycling reduces the use of raw materials and so protects our natural resources

G. Recycling just 10% plastic bottles would keep 90 million kilograms of plastic out of landfills

The problem of robocalls has become so severe that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they don’t know. By next year, half of the calls we receive will be scams（欺诈）. We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools, apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through. Unfortunately, it’s too little, too late. By the time these “solutions” become widely available, scammers will have moved onto cleverer means. 【1】 Soon you will also question whether the voice you’re hearing is actually real.

That’s because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation and automation technologies that are about to become widely available for anyone to use. At this year’s I/O Conference, a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human-sounding voice that it was able to speak to receptionist and book a reservation without detection.

【2】 The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision. A decade of data breaches（数据侵入）of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother’s name, and far more. Armed with this knowledge, they’re able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people. This means, for example, that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank teller’s, tricking you into “confirming” your address, mother’s name, and cark number. Scammers follow money, so companies will be the worst hit. A lot of business is still done over the phone, and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships. 【3】.

We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks. 【4】 That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images, showing when and who they were made by, or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards data-based communications -- using apps like FaceTime or WhatsApp, which can be tied to your identity.

Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose, and the problem is only going to get harder from here on out.

A. Voice manipulation technologies may weaken that gradually.

B. There are many challenges in robotics that need to be addressed in order to solve the voice manipulation and assembly problems.

C. In the near future, it’s not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt.

D. It’s high time that the government should spare no effort to tackle the problem immediately.

AB. Phone carriers and consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real.

AC. Those developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much worse.

1.表示祝贺；

2.推荐旅游路线；

3.期待回复。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

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增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

In the young generation, their lifestyle is different from old people. They like to stay up and join in many night activity, so he wake up very late. The new expression of brunch fits them so much, that means they have a meal combining breakfast and lunch. But their health was under threat. Some young people's stomachs hurt but can't digest food well. In order to keep healthy, we need to do some exercise and eat food regular. What's more, a balance diet is very important. As the saying goes, apple a day keeps the doctor away. A healthy lifestyle can make us to live happily.

【1】The airline company has paid the passengers to ___________ ___________ __________（弥补）the serious delay.

【2】It was time we ___________ _________ ________（开始做某事）some serious work.

【3】Sue tried to smile，but her voice _________ ___________（出卖，使……暴露）her sadness.

【4】You need to ________ _________ ___________（设定可实现的目标），or you may always _____________（推迟） your work.

【5】_________ ___________（无论） age, everyone is welcome to join the club, which ________ __________ （由……组成）people from different countries.

【6】The broken window has _________ _________ _______（替换）a new one.

【7】Last year，he finally achieved ________ ________ ______（突破了极限） and ________ ___________ _____________（做出了突破）.

As we all know, the earth would be freezing or burning hot without C02. However, CO2 is a greenhouse gas, meaning it traps energy from the sun as/heat. That makes temperatures near the ground rise. Human activities, especially the widespread burning-of fossil(化石）fuels，have been sending extra greenhouse gases into the air. This has led to a rise in average temperatures across the globe.

Studies had shown forests readily absorb C02，but there hadn’t been much data on whether city trees grow， die and absorb CO2 at the same rate as forest trees do. So some researchers decided to find out.

To figure out how quickly trees were growing, researchers tracked their diameters (the width of their trunks) between 2005 and 2014. A tree’s diameter increases as it grows, just as a person’s waist size increases as they gain weight. About half the weight of a tree is carbon, research has shown. Most of the rest is water. Over the nine years’ tracking, the researchers found city trees absorbed four times as much carbon from the air as forest trees. However, they were twice as likely to die. So over the lifetime of each type of tree, forest trees actually absorbed more C02.

City trees grew faster because they had less competition for light from their neighbors. In a forest，trees tend to grow close together，shading their neighbors. Street trees also benefit from higher levels of nitrogen (氮）in rainwater. Nitrogen helps plants grow. Waste gases from gas-burning cars also contain nitrogen, thus enriching city air with nitrogen. Later, rainwater may wash much of it to the ground. Some street trees may also have better access to water than trees in the country because the underground water pipes can leak.

【1】What can he known about CO2 from paragraph 2?

A.It is one of the side effects of greenhouses.

B.It greatly accelerates the process of global warming.

C.It results from the widespread burning of fossil fuels.

D.It prevents the earth from becoming unsuitable to live on.

【2】Why did researchers track the diameters of trees?

A.To know about their growth rates.

B.To find out how much they weigh.

C.To check whether they were healthy.

D.To assess the carbon amounts in them.

【3】What advantage do city trees have over forest trees?

A.They are more likely to access growth promoters.

B.They can enjoy more water coming from the air.

C.They can enjoy more shade from neighbors.

D.They are better at competing for light.

【4】What will probably be talked about if the passage is continued?

A.How urban trees can live longer.

B.Why city living makes trees die young.

C.How trees respond to dry soil conditions.

D.Why faster-growing trees absorb more C02.

【1】There is a limit to what one person can t__________ (to accept something or someone that is annoying or unpleasant).

【2】They are s__________ (to try to find something) for a solution to this problem.

【3】The milkman was responsible for d__________(to take something to a place) milk to the households in this neighborhood every day in the morning.

【4】She used to be a p__________(host of a TV or radio program) of a gardening program.

【5】This book is highly r__________ (to say something is good or useful) by teachers.

【6】He p__________ (to touch somebody or something gently several times with your hand) her gently on the shoulder and then walked away.

【7】He r__________ (to give something to somebody because of their efforts service or help) us with a lot of money for helping him when he was in difficulty.

【8】Recently, they have just u__________ (to make something modern, usually by adding new parts or it or giving new information) their software.

【9】I accidently s__________(to cause liquid to flow out of its bottle) my drink all over him.

【10】I woke up just before d_______________ (the beginning time of a day when light first appears in the sky).

1.剪纸的悠久历史和重要性；

2.邀请他来中国参观。

注意：

1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

注意：1. 词数100左右；

2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

提示词：低头族 phubbing

The phenomenon that people are always phubbing is becoming more and more popular.

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