But now opera companies around the country are loosening their ties and kicking off their shoes in an attempt to keep opera alive and take it to a younger and not so wealthy audience.

Opera producers have found that to attract this crowd, they need to associate opera with the common people.That means no formal suits, old－styled theatre or bank－breaking ticket prices.And because young people don't or won't come to the opera, companies are bringing the opera to them, giving performances in such usual places as parks, libraries and public schools.

The Houston Grand Opera's choice is the public library, where it performs “mobile operas”， shortened versions of child－friendly operas.This summer's production is Hansel & Gretel.By performing smaller versions of large productions, producers are able to make people interested while keeping costs at a reasonable level.The San Francisco Opera, which will be celebrating its 75th anniversary this year, is staging Cinderella free of charge, keeping costs down by employing students from its Young Artists' Training Program.

【1】Which is the main idea of this passage？

A. Opera is famous for its long history.

B. Opera is only performed for rich people.

C. Opera companies are trying to keep opera alive.

D. Young people are not interested in opera.

【2】The underlined phrase in the second paragraph means____.

A. breaking up the old rules

B. changing the dresses

C. making the audience at ease

D. advertising themselves

【3】Opera companies prefer to perform short versions because ____.

A. they can be performed in public libraries

B. short versions are easy to perform

C. it is hard to find long versions

D. they can make people interested

【4】The San Francisco Opera employs students in order to____.

A. celebrate its 75th anniversary

B. reduce the costs

C. attract young people

D. make Cinderella popular

In the United States, people greet each other with a handshake in a formal introduction. The handshake must be firm. If the handshake is weak, it is a sign of weakness or unfriendliness. Friends may place a hand on the other's arm or shoulder, some people, usually women, greet a friend with a hug.

Space is important to Americans. When two people talk to each other, they usually stand about two and a half feet away and at an angle, so they are not facing each other directly. Americans get uncomfortable when a person stands too close. They will move back to have their space. If Americans touch another person by accident, they say, “Pardon me.” or “Excuse me.” Americans like to look at the other person in the eyes when they are talking. If you don't do so, it means you are bored, hiding something, or are not interested. But when you stare at someone, it is not polite.

For Americans, thumbs-up; means yes, very good, or well done. Thumbs-down means the opposite. To call a waiter, raise one hand to head level or above. To show you want the check, make a movement with your hands as if you are singing a piece of paper. It is all right to point at things but not at people with the hand and index finger. Americans shake their index finger at children when they scold them and pat them on the head when they admire them.

Learning a culture's body language is sometimes confusing. If you don't know what to do, the safest thing to do is to smile.

【1】If you are introduced to a stranger in the USA, you should _________.

A.greet him with a hugB.place a hand on his shoulder

C.shake his hand firmlyD.shake his hand weakly

【2】Which behavior is acceptable when people talk to each other in the USA?

A.Facing each other directly.B.Touching each other.

C.Not looking at the other person in the eyes.D.Not standing too close.

【3】When your American friend gives you the thumbs-up, he, in fact,_________.

A.shows his rudeness to youB.shows his anger to you

C.expresses his satisfaction to youD.expresses his worries about you

A.to awardB.awardingC.to have been awardedD.being awarded

How much money should I spend each month? This is asked by college students at the start of every term, and it’s become a hot topic of discussion following a controversial online post. The post was about a college student who demanded 4,500 yuan for monthly living expenses from her mom, reported China Daily

In the post, this new college student explained that her school is in a top-tier city and that her expenses included skin-care products and new clothes. Her mother did not agree and “only” gave her 2,000 yuan.

The post started a heated debate. Some people came to her defense. Girls invest a lot in skin-care products and new clothes while boys invest much in shoes, latest electronic devices and equipment for games.

However, someone thinks 4,500 yuan is too much. According to a 2019 report, students in 15 cities spent more than 1,500 yuan a month on average. Beijing topped the list at 2,400 yuan, and Shanghai followed close behind at 2,300 yuan. In some cities, a parent may only earn a monthly salary of 4,000 or 5,000 yuan. Nevertheless, some students insist on buying Dyson vacuum cleaners (吸尘器) for their dormitories instead of common brooms. Others demand Apple laptops to study at Starbucks, instead of going to the library.

（写作内容）

1．用约 30 个词概括上文内容；

2．用约 120 个词谈谈你对这一现象的看法，包括如下要点：

（1）分析哪些原因造成了大学生生活开销的上涨（不少于两点）；

（2）你觉得文中该大学生的要求是否合理？请阐述你的理由或建议（不少于两点）。

（写作要求） 不能直接引用原文句子。

1. 活动介绍；

2. 作品要求；

3. 欢迎Peter参加。

注意：1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：微电影 microfilm

Dear Peter,

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Looking forward to your participation.

Yours,

Li Hua

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

删除：把多余的词用（\）划掉。

【1】He walked around stiffly carried a walking stick.

【2】This character was social failure but was loved for his optimism and determination to overcome all difficulties.

【3】Like so many others, the little tramp has rushed there in search for gold, but without success.

【4】Charlie cuts off the leather top of the shoe and shared the shoe with the other fellow.

【5】In 1972 he gave a special Oscar for his outstanding work in films.

【6】When we met yesterday, he moved very close to me as I introduced himself.

【7】They shook hands and then kissed each other twice with each cheek.

【8】After half an hour of waiting for their flight to arrive, I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curious.

【9】She stepped back appearing surprising and put up her hands, as if in defence.

【10】Men from Middle Eastern and other Muslim countries will often stand quite closely to other men to talk but will usually not touch women.

Respect Difference

The mere presence of individuals from different backgrounds with different points of view in your everyday life creates an atmosphere in which people can better respond to change.

Change Environments

A change in your everyday life may provide the force needed to change the direction of your thinking. For some people, small changes might help reorganize your desk or take a new route to work, whereas for others, more adjustments are required.

Shirt into Positivity

Unlike negative emotions that bring about specific reactions, positive emotions prompt us to broaden our attention, explore our environment, and open ourselves to absorbing information. Take a few moments to think about the things in your life that are going well and for which you are grateful; this will automatically brighten your mood-and free your brain.

Look as if You’ve Never Seen

A Zen Buddhist concept for approaching even routine situations as if you were encountering them for the first time, “beginner’s mind” allows you to remain open to new experiences despite any expertise you may have. For instance, when you brush your teeth, take a moment to look at the toothbrush as if you’ve never laid eyes on such an object and notice its color and shape. Think about the flavor of the toothpaste and notice how your mouth feels as you move the brush back and forth.

【1】What may be the benefit of small changes in life?

A.Reducing one’s workload.B.Focusing one’s attention.

C.Leading to adjustments.D.Better responding to changes.

【2】How can you find something new in routine situation?

A.By shifting into positivity.B.By respecting difference.

C.By changing environments.D.By looking as if you’ve never seen.

【3】What’s the purpose of the article?

A.To introduce skills of broadening one’s thinking.

B.To compare the attitudes to thinking.

C.To give advice on thinking positively.

D.To explain the reasons for being open.

I recently heard a story about a famous scientist. When he 【1】(ask) why he was able to succeed, he gave the answer. It all came from an experience with 【2】 mother when he was about two years old. “I was trying to get a bottle of milk from the fridge when I lost the bottle and it fell, spilling (溢出) the milk all over the floor-a sea of milk! I got 【3】 (frighten) and I didn’t know what to do!” he said.

Instead of 【4】(punish) him, his mother asked him to play in the milk for a while. Then she said, “ You know, we failed in how to 【5】(successful) carry a big milk bottle with two tiny 【6】(hand) just now. Let’s go out in the yard and fill the bottle 【7】 water to see if you can discover a way to carry it.”

This famous scientist then remarked that it was at that moment that he 【8】(know) he didn’t need

to be afraid to make mistakes 【9】 were actually opportunities for learning something new. Even if the experiment “doesn’t work”, we usually learn something 【10】(value) from it

English is the international working language so it is 【1】 (wide) used in the world. English has gone through three periods: Old English, Middle English and Modern English.

In the fifth century, three Germanic groups — the Anglos, the Saxons and the Jutes invaded (入侵) Britain and they spoke similar languages, which developed into 【2】 we now call Old English.

Unlike Old English, Middle English can 【3】 (read), although with difficulty, by modern English-speaking people. Many factors contributed to (促成) the 【4】 (develop) of Middle English. However, in 1066, the Normans (法国诺曼底人) took control of England, 【5】 did not have the same result that the Germanic invasion had about 600 year 【6】 (early). But French still had a big influence on English. This led to even more pairs of similar words.

From the 16th century, the British 【7】 ( begin) to communicate with many peoples from around the world. This meant many new words and phrases entered the language. Modern English, quite different from Old English and Middle English, 【8】 (contain) many Latin and Greek words. As we all know, people will keep 【9】 (invent) new words and English will be changing over 【10】 time.

【1】欧式足球运动在80多个国家开展，这使它成为世界上最受欢迎的体育运动。（Ving作状语）

European football is played in 80 countries,______________________________in the world.

【2】他长大后不想住在乡下，也不想生活在城里。

He doesn’t want to live in the country when he grows up,____________________in the city.

【3】他是首批研究外层太空的科学家之一。

He is one of______________________outer space.

【4】哪个城市有可能举办2019年亚运会？

Which city_______________________the 2019 Asian Games?

【5】在操场上踢足球的那个男孩是我的弟弟。（用Ving形式作定语）

The boy______________________is my younger brother.