Environmental DNA can be used in two ways. One is to identify the creatures that live in a certain place. The other is to confirm the presence or lack of a specific creature.

Caren Goldberg is one of the first biologists in the northwestern United States to take the technology from the testing stage to actually using it. She sees e-DNA as a way to get answers more efficiently, and with less destruction compared to traditional survey techniques. Until recently, scientists depended on diving deep, netting or using an electric current to temporarily catch fish.

This newer way to identify what lives in the environment is becoming popular around the world. Animal experts in Vietnam are using the e-DNA to find the last, wild Yangtze giant softshell turtles. One researcher on the Caribbean island of Trinidad is using the sampling technology to find endangered golden tree-frogs. And in Madagascar, it is being used to identify amphibian (两栖动物) diseases.

Ms. Goldberg has used e-DNA testing to confirm the local extinction of a leopard frog in the American state of Idaho. She has also been asked to document the spread of the New Zealand mud-snail in the state of Washington. The creature has been found in lakes and other waterways across the state.

Scientists working with the technology say they do not expect robots to replace field biologists anytime soon. But the old-fashioned field work could soon be more targeted.

【1】By using e-DNA, Caren Goldberg has ________.

A.succeeded in catching many fishes.

B.found the existence of golden treefrogs.

C.documented the spread of softshell turtles.

D.proved the disappearance of the leopard frog in Idaho.

【2】What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A.Robots will replace scientists soon.

B.Some scientists are against using e-DNA.

C.The old-fashioned field work may disappear.

D.Many biologists are unwilling to do the field work.

【3】The passage can be sorted as a(n) ________.

A.science fictionB.experiment report

C.science reportD.bio-diversity discovery

【1】What is the woman’s speech mainly about?

A.Storms.B.Rising sea levels.C.Dying ocean plants.

【2】Which part of the speech is the woman worried about?

A.The introduction.

B.The general speech.

C.The question and answer period.

【3】What advice does the man give the woman?

A.To research her topic.

B.To give the speech to others.

C.To look for speech tips on the Internet.

【1】What is the man’s challenge in learning French?

A.Practicing speaking.

B.Finding time to study.

C.Learning the grammar.

【2】What do the speakers plan to do together in the future?

A.Watch French movies.

B.Join a French class.

C.Go on a trip.

My mother reacts very sensitively to my feelings. That is typical of Alzheimer’s patients. When I visit her, feeling hectic and tense, she reacts immediately, takes on my mood, and becomes nervous and negative. But when I appear cheerful and attentive, she is happy. This has taught me to pay more attention to my own feelings when I am with other people.

Through the illness my mother has developed a childlike tactlessness (不得体). Eating out in restaurants, for example, is a bit embarrassing when she shouts at the waiter that the food is so bad or talks about people at the next table in a loud voice. Of course I make sure that my mother doesn’t hurt anyone, but I’ve stopped complaining about others and have become more tolerant.

I have also learned that everything has special value. When my mother got sick I didn’t want to burden my two daughters with it. They are young and have enough going on with their education, and starting their careers. I felt that it was simply my job as my mother’s daughter. The most wonderful discovery I’ve made through my mother’s disease may be that my children not only offer to help me, but that they take care of my mother on their own actively. They visit her often, play cards with her, and look at photo albums together with her. It shows me that it’s all worth it.

【1】What does the underlined “hectic” in the Paragraph 2 mean?

A.delighted.B.touched.

C.surprised.D.stressed.

【2】Which of the following is the common behavior of Alzheimer’s patients?

A.Being particular about clothes.B.Being curious about feelings.

C.Being afraid of strange people.D.Being sensitive to others’moods.

【3】What can we know about the writer’s daughters according to the passage?

A.They are naughty.B.They are considerate.

C.They are traditional.D.They are selfish.

【4】What is the passage mainly about?

A.How I Cared for My Sick Mother.B.How I Became More Tolerant.

C.What I Have Learned from Alzheimer’s.D.Why I Am Feeling stressed.

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

The best advice I received in my childhood was from my dad. He always gives me some advice, but I seldom took them seriously. One day he encouraged me to participate in a speech competition. So I signed up and after the competition, I did my best to be full prepared. But the moment when I stood on the stage, I was such nervous that my mind completely went blank.

The experience of lose a competition was really painful. Then, my dad said, “My son, life is like battlefield. You have to lose many time to win the final victory.” Thanks for his advice, I will never give up when I do anything.

In the digital times, everyone desires 【1】(have) a robot. You won’t be 【2】(alarm) if 【3】(accompany) by a robot unless you want to be left alone. It obeys your orders and sets down the numbers that ring you 【4】. What you may not know is that it can help deal with office affairs and scan piles of office papers so that you can set aside much time 【5】(stay) with your family. Some robots can even help furnish your room to make it look more elegant.

In my opinion, a robot like this is more a friend 【6】 a machine. To tell you the truth, I’m strongly 【7】favour of the research and development of robots and I can’t resist my 【8】(affect) for the robots. I suggest you possess such a robot. If so, you’ll 【9】(envy), which will of course give you a sense of 【10】(satisfy).

【1】Where did the man get the information about the disaster?

A.From TV.B.From a friend.C.From her family.

【2】What happened to the town this weekend?

A.A bridge broke.

B.A storm killed people.

C.A flood ruined many houses.

1. 表示难过； 2. 感谢他的付出； 3. 希望给他一些帮助。

注意：1. 词数:100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Smith,

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours，

Li Hua

A.In an office.B.In a restaurant.C.In a cake shop.

When you don't have a greenhouse or enough room on the balcony for a few pots, you can still grow【1】(you) a few tasty home-grown tomatoes in hanging baskets ans window boxes if you stick to short varieties. I’ve even heard of these being grown by canal-boat【2】(owner) on their cabin（船舱）roof, since they’re short enough to fit under the bridges.

You might have trouble【3】(find) suitable plants later but there’s still time to raise your own form seed if you start straight away. Look for small “tumbling”（下垂的）varieties such 【4】Totem and Gartenperle. If you live in a【5】(nature) cold area, it’s worth looking out for a unique variety called Sub-Arctic Plenty, which has【6】similar size and habit but performs better than most in cooler climates.

All of these will make short plants ideal for pots; they can【7】(place) anywhere with limited space, as long as it’s sheltered and【8】 (sun). What’s more, tumbling tomatoes are very easy【9】(grow)because they don’t need to have any side shoots removed and【10】do they need more than a few short sticks for support. Simply water, feed and pick.