Bushfires are disasters that occur each year in many parts of the world. The worst bushfires usually involve eucalypt trees, 【1】 leaves burn easily. A eucalypt tree can explode in 【2】 ball of fire. Therefore, eucalypt forest fires can be extremely violent.

The most severe bushfire in the world is burning in south-eastern Australia and its 【3】 (surround) areas in this dry season. The current summer 【4】 (present) the perfect storm for wildfire so far. Climate change is making Australian wildfires more powerful 【5】 (large) due to its effects on dryness and fire weather. Australia’s climate has warmed by more than one degree Celsius over the past century. The ongoing climate change originating from human activities is virtually certain 【6】 (increase). This assessment of the science evidence has been repeated in countless 【7】 (report), including the IPCC’s report, 【8】 (publish) in August 2019.

Apart from being more severe, the fire seasons are becoming longer. October used to be recognized 【9】 the start of the fire season. But with the season starting in August, we are now facing a new 【10】 (real) and should pay special attention.

Animal dissection has always divided people: Is it right to dissect frogs, pigs or other animals in school science classes, particularly when computers can show detailed images of the parts of animals?

“Especially with all the violence in the US, it is important we teach children compassion for all living beings, said Mysti Lee, assistant campaign manager for PETA.

The American Anti-Vivisection Society reports that 18 states, including Illinois, have laws allowing students to choose alternatives to dissection. And in recent years, biology classes have moved toward the study of cells, molecules and genetics. “Dissection is horrific and unnecessary,” protester Victor Przysiezny said.

However, most biology teachers believe that dissection is an important part of education when done right. “It’s one thing to see it on a computer screen,” said Jaclyn Reeves. “Its another to see the size and scale. Science is about getting your hands dirty.” She added that dissection can inspire students to take up a career in biology or put them off.

At its recent protest in Highland Park, PET A singled out Bio Corp., a company that provides frogs, pigs, turtles, rabbits, cats and other animals and their parts for educational purposes. Following the charges of animal cruelty, Bill Wadd, co-owner of Bio Corp., invited city officials to tour Bio Corp. He said that more than 98 percent of the animals Bio Corp received last year were already dead. “We just take what people would throw away,” Wadd said. “Instead of throwing it in the trash, why not have students learn from it?”

District 113 spokeswoman Christine Gonzales said that district officials would think about using computer images in class instead. “We are always looking for new and innovative methods, because we do want to ensure our kids get the best instruction and are kind to all creatures,” she said.

【1】Who opposes animal dissection?

A.Illinois’ local residents.B.Victor Przysiezny.

C.Jaclyn Reeves.D.Bill Wadd.

【2】What does the underlined phrase in Pharaoh 5 mean?

A.Getting personally involved in a task.B.Becoming involved with something illegal.

C.Observing an operation on a computer screen.D.Making your hands unclean by hard work.

【3】What do we know about Bio Corp.?

A.It gets rid of dead animals as trash.B.It is a member company of PETA.

C.It gets along very well with local officials.D.It offers mostly dead animals for research.

【4】What is the attitude of District 113 to ending animal dissection?

A.Supportive.B.Cautious.

C.Disapproving.D.Doubtful.

1.时间、地点；

2.讲座主题；

3.可能的收获。

注意:

1.词数100左右

2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇:《论语》The Analects of Confucius 儒家思想 Confucianism

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

New York City police caught a cow in Prospect Park on Tuesday. The confused creatures wandered around the park and the artificial grass field normal used for human sporting events. Officers used soccer goals fence the cow in. Therefore, it then dashed and moved through one of the nets, knocked down a police officer. The police eventually trapped the cow among two vehicles parked there. An officer then shot an arrow to put him to sleep. Then officers waited for the drug to take an effect. After it fall asleep, they loaded the cow into a horse trailer. It was not clear what the cow came from or how it got lost.

Each Chinese dialect is effectively another language but Mandarin(Putonghua in Chinese, which means the common language)is considered the official tongue in modern China. They all share roughly one evolving writing system, referred to as written language invented for administering a large, diverse empire.

To complicate(使复杂)the matter further, there are two main types of written Chinese characters under the same writing system: the traditional Chinese used in Hong Kong and Taiwan and the simplified Chinese in mainland China. For example, fly is written as 飛 in traditional Chinese and 飞 in simplified Chinese. They’re basically the same character written in two different ways but pronounced differently when spoken in different dialects.

Each written word when spoken is mutually incomprehensible between a Mandarin speaker in Beijing and a Cantonese speaker in Hong Kong. If you think that’s odd, consider our number system: the symbol “9” is universally recognized but it’s pronounced “nine” in English and “devet” in Slovenian.

Every word must be memorized separately as you can’t guess its pronunciation from the script-but one could say the same of English if you consider plough, dough and tough.

Meanwhile, dictionaries list words according to stroke(笔画)count. These go from one to over 60 strokes. The archaic character zhé- which appropriately, means “verbose” - has 64 strokes.

And then there are the pronunciation challenges. There are four tones in Mandarin: high pitch (say G in a musical scale), rising pitch(like from C to G), falling(from G to C)and falling low then rising(C to B to G)- and if you think that’s difficult, there are nine tones in Cantonese. In Mandarin, there is a whole poem, “The Lion-Eating Poet in the Stone Den” with just the syllable “shi” repeated 107 times in various tones. In other words, if you are tone-deaf you might as well give up now.

【1】What do all Chinese dialects have in common?

A.They were invented by the emperor.

B.They have the same writing system.

C.They evolve in the same way.

D.They serve the same purpose.

【2】Why does the author mention the symbol “9” in Paragraph 4?

A.To prove different pronunciations of Chinese dialects

B.To indicate the similarities in all languages.

C.To show that Chinese is an odd language.

D.To compare English with Slovenian.

【3】What challenge does the author think is difficult to overcome?

A.Complicated scripts and strokes.

B.Different types of characters.

C.Various tones.

D.Too many dialects.

【4】What is the main idea of this passage?

A.Chinese has different dialects.

B.Chinese is very difficult to learn.

C.Chinese is an ever-developing language.

D.Chinese sounds like music and poems.

Almost no one can get away from “teams” that are supposed to be able to create something that is greater than the sum of its parts. There are five measures that need to be taken before you can get the most out of a team:

【1】

There must be a clear reason for the team to exist. And all the members should realize the value and significance of their functions. What they are hoping to achieve should be something achievable but at the same time tough and inspiring enough to attract the members and keep their motivation alive.

Open Communication

【2】 For example, they may discuss a sensitive topic. Should they keep their conclusion within the team or share it with other employees? In the case, any individual voice is by no means a sure thing. So an honest discussion is expected to make sure all the members agree on.

Respect to All Team Members

It is easy to think that a junior team member may have less to contribute than more experienced ones. 【3】 People that have nothing to contribute should not have been selected for the team in the first place. Since they have become members of your team, you need to make sure that each of them has an opportunity to add his or her thoughts to discussions.

Conflict Solving

Disagreements are natural and, in fact, heated debate should be encouraged. 【4】 Consequently, there should be rules on how lengthy disagreements should be handled. For example, team meetings may not be the most appropriate place for a dispute that involves only two people, so “under-the-table” method may be effective.

Leadership

【5】 A good organizer should be able to play to individuals’ strengths and help them overcome their weaknesses. He must be skilled in motivating people, sharing responsibility and providing constructive feedback on how the tasks went. Successful team working is marked by how confidently each of its members completes his or her assigned tasks with a sense of achievement and pride.

A.Measuring Progress against Goals.

B.Common Goals with Challenging Target.

C.Most high-performing teams are well organized.

D.This is not only discouraging, it also makes no sense.

E.A team made up only of “yes men” can make disastrous decisions.

F.Choose a role on the team that is best suited to your particular strengths.

G.Team members must be able to express their opinions freely without fear of being criticized.

1. 推荐一门选修课；

2. 说明推荐的理由；

3. 提出学习这门课程的建议。

注意：1. 词数不少于100；

2. 邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Jim,

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

The International Olympic Committee took the extraordinary step Tuesday of 【1】 (postpone) the 2020 Tokyo Games, which 【2】(schedule) to start on July 24, because of the coronavirus outbreak.

Just how extraordinary was the step? This marks only the 【3】(four) time since the first modern Olympics in 1896 that the Games have been affected 【4】outside forces. The other three occasions were cancellations during the first and second World Wars. So this is the first time the Olympics have been postponed, rather than【5】(cancel).

“The Tokyo Olympics will still be held,” Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe told reporters in Tokyo after a call with International Olympic Committee President Thomas Bach on 【6】matter.

The IOC later said in a 【7】(state) that the Games will be “rescheduled to a date beyond 2020 but not 【8】(late) than 2021!”

This time around, it’s a pandemic(疫情), not a war, 【9】 is changing the Olympics schedule. The IOC said that “The leaders agreed that the Olympic Games in Tokyo could stand as a beacon of hope to the world during these times and that the Olympic flame could become the light at the end of the tunnel in which the world finds 【10】(it) at present.”

His house, known as Cubo, could be produced in a week, constructed in four hours and costs 60 per square meter. Its use of bamboo—which releases 35％ more oxygen into the environment than trees—was praised by the judges. The ability of the houses to be constructed in any bamboo-producing area was one of the key attractions.

“The world’s cities are growing all the time and there is a real need to make sure they are safe, clean and comfortable places to live in,”John Hughes, the competition’s head judge and then president at RICS, said. “As we look at our competitors, who are our next generation of leaders， I believe that real progress will be made in tackling the world’s biggest issues.

Forlales has already identified a suitable area of land to start building his Cubo houses. He plans to begin the work next year with experts from the RICS in an attempt to help relieve the huge pressure on housing in Manila, where a third of the 12 million population live in poor districts. He said, “I would like to thank RICS for the opportunity, and look forward to working with them to put this money to good use in Manila and then hopefully elsewhere around the world.”

【1】What contributes most to Forlales’ winning the prize？

A.The material of his house.B.The shape of his house.

C.The design of his house.D.The expense of his house.

【2】Which word can best replace the underline word “tackling” in Paragraph 3?

A.Facing.B.Treating

C.Covering.D.Handling.

【3】What can we infer about the Cubo house？

A.It is created by Forlales and his parents

B.It is environmentally friendly and economical.

C.It has already been built in Forlales’ hometown.

D.It can be constructed in a week.

【4】Which of the following can be a suitable title？

A.A Competition in House BuildingB.A Man Devoted to City Development

C.The Bamboo House Winning a top PrizeD.The Way to Solve Housing Shortage

The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Grain Buds (小满), the 8th solar term of a year, begins on May 20 this year, and ends on June 4. In China, the 24 solar terms were created thousands of years ago to guide agricultural production. 【1】. Let's see what we can do during the "Grain Buds" period.

A good season for eating fish

During the Grain Buds period, the summer harvest is about to begin. A saying about rain during this time mentions, "A heavy rainfall makes the river full." Because of the great increase in rainfall, rivers are full of water, which gives rise to great tasting fish and shrimp. This is a good time to enjoy them. 【2】.

Eating herb of common sow thistle

Grain Buds is a season for eating the herb (草药) of the common sow thistle, which tastes a little bitter and sour, but also sweet. It has the function of cooling the blood and detoxifying the body. It can be made into different types of dishes. 【3】. Some people boil the herb with water and then squeeze out the juice, which can be used to make soup.

Tips on health preserving in Grain Buds

【4】. The increase in temperature over this season may also give rise to all sorts of skin diseases. It is also important to exercise to keep healthy during the hot summer days. Walking, jogging and practicing tai chi are popular.

【5】

This time is a good period of the quick growth of flowers. It is also a season when plant diseases and pests are at an all-time high, which makes caring for your garden even more critical. Flower trimming and clipping is important. And a systematic fertilized water system should be carried out.

A.Key period for flower management

B.It is also harvest season for fishermen

C.A lot of water and extra care for wild flowers

D.But the solar term culture is still useful today to guide people's lives

E.It means that the seeds from the grain are becoming full but are not ripe

F.People in Ningxia like to eat it blended with salt, vinegar, peppers or garlic

G.High temperatures and humidity are common during the Grain Buds period