1. 时间和地点；

2. 课程内容。

注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

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1. Fly a lot.

This is the most common way to earn a free upgrade. Most airlines reserve some spaces for travelers who fly at least 5，000 miles per year. Five years ago，this meant half or more of domestic（国内的）first class travelers sat up front for free. But now，airlines are selling more high-price seats，so on popular routes it is not unusual for more than 20 travelers to compete for one or two upgrades. But on routes with fewer business class travelers，free upgrades remain more plentiful.

2. Use miles.

If you're not a frequent traveler but still have some miles to fly，you may be able to use them for an upgrade. Be careful，though，as many airlines now ask not just for miles but also a cash co-pay. One example: on flights to Europe，American Airlines charges 5，000 miles，plus $110，for a one-way upgrade from discounted economy class to business class. For most domestic upgrades，American Airlines wants 15，000 miles plus $ 75.

3. Get lucky.

Sometimes airlines overbook coach（经济舱），and a few travelers get no seats. Agents try to ensure the airline's most loyal travelers get the nod（被选中）. Agents usually have some flexibility to make sure the plane is full and takes off on time. So it's the easiest way for them to do it-they might upgrade someone else out of order.

4. Save a life.

Flight attendants don't usually upgrade passengers, even when empty seats remain. Doctors and nurses who answer an emergency call are sometimes an exception. If they comfort a passenger, flight attendants might allow them to sit in business or first class for the rest of the flight.

【1】What might be the main topic of the passage?

A. The ways to get upgraded on a plane.

B. How to get on the flight safely and on time.

C. The best ways to get free flight tickets.

D. How to save a life on a plane quickly.

【2】Who can have the chance to get a free upgrade?

A. The person who always obeys the rules on the flight.

B. The person who doesn't have to look after a patient.

C. The person who is a friend of the flight attendants.

D. The person who flies a lot and has a long flying distance.

【3】Why might medical personnel be allowed to sit in business or first class sometimes?

A. Because they would like to talk with flight attendants kindly.

B. Because they want to have a better rest after a long journey.

C. Because they need to treat a passenger who is in emergent condition.

D. Because they are tired of staying with common passengers.

【4】Where can we find the passage?

A. A life guide.B. A travel guide.

C. A shopping guide.D. A pilot guide.

Chinese researchers have developed a robot designed to help doctors treat the new coronavirus and other【1】 (high) contagious (传染的) diseases. The machine has a long robotic arm attached to a base with wheels. It can perform some of the same medical examination tasks【2】 doctors. Cameras record the robot’s activities, 【3】 are controlled remotely so doctors can avoid【4】 (come) in close contact with infected patients. Doctors and other medical【5】 (worker) can operate the machine from a nearby room, or from much farther away.

The robot’s main【6】 (design) is Zheng Gangtie, an engineer and professor at China’s Tsinghua University in Beijing. He said that he got the idea for the device around the time of the Lunar New Year in January. At the time, 【7】 number of cases of the COVID-19 virus was rising quickly in the city of Wuhan. COVID-19 is the disease【8】 (cause) by the new coronavirus.

“Doctors are all very brave,” Zheng said. “But this virus is just too contagious. We can use robots to perform the most【9】 (danger) tasks. I would like to build more of the robots, but money from the university【10】 (run) out so far. Each robot costs about $72,000 to make.”

Now research shows the night is getting even brighter. From 2012 to 2016 the earth’s artificially lit area expanded by about 2.2 percent a year, according to a study published last November in Science Advances. However, the measurement does not include light from most of the energy–efficient LED lamps that have been replacing sodium-vapor (钠气灯) technology in cities all over the world ,says Christopher Kyba, a postdoctoral researcher at the German Research Center for Geosciences in Potsdam.

The new data came from a NASA satellite instrument called the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIRS). It can measure long wavelengths of light, such as those produced by traditional yellow-and-orange sodium-vapor street lamps. But VIIRS cannot see the short-wavelength blue light produced by white LEDs. This light has been shown to disturb human sleep cycles and nocturnal animals’ behavior.

The team believes the ongoing switch to LEDs caused already bright countries such as Italy, the Netherlands, Spain and the U.S. to register as having stable levels of lighting in the VIIRS data. In contrast, most nations in South America, Africa and Asia brightened, suggesting increases in the use of traditional lighting.

In 2016, a study showed that one third of the world’s population currently lives under skies too bright to see the Milky Way at night. Between 2012 and 2016 the median nation pumped out 15 percent more long-wavelength light as its GDP increased by 13 percent. Overall, counties' total light production correlated with their GDP.

【1】Which of the following can best describe artificial light?

A.Convenient but unnatural.B.Useful but energy-consuming.

C.Progressive but uncomfortable.D.Civilized but harmful.

【2】What can we know about the already bright countries?

A.Traditional lighting is not used in those countries.

B.LED lights are increasingly used in those countries.

C.Efforts to reduce harmful light work in those countries.

D.People do enjoy stable lighting in those countries.

【3】Why does the author mention “the median nation” in the last paragraph?

A.To show artificial light has an association with GDP.

B.To demonstrate GDP plays an important part in the median nation.

C.To stress the median nation was to blame for the light problem.

D.To suggest artificial light should be banned in the future.

【4】Where is the passage most probably taken from?

A.A biology textbook.B.A book review.

C.A science magazine.D.A science fiction.

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Last week I take part in a farm work programme with my classmates in the suburbs. Before the activity, our teacher told us some specific arrangements about the activity which theme was “Labor is the most glorious thing”. Meanwhile, he stressed on the importance and value of working by our own hand. When I got home, I packed up for trip excitedly. On the farm, we helped picking watermelons and carried them to the truck. While worked, I realized how tougher it was to work in the fields in the burning sun. When I came back home, I shared your experience with my parents during dinner. Happy and proud ，they spoke high of my behavior.

The Amazon is key to the health of the entire planet. It is the largest rainforest in the world, 【1】 (rough) half the size of the United States. Statistics show that nearly 20% of the oxygen 【2】 (produce) by the Earth’s land comes from the Amazon rainforest. It also puts an enormous amount of water into the atmosphere at a time 【3】 cities are drying up. The Amazon is sucking in carbon and greenhouse gases while slowing the rising temperatures. 【4】 it’s now burning at a record rate - with images from space 【5】 (show) the smoke covering much of Brazil.

It’s not the only major forest in danger Nearly half of the world’s forests that 【6】 (stand) when humans started farming are now gone. The chief reason is the expansion 【7】 agriculture into forested areas. In Brazil it’s cattle ranching, soy production and logging, according to Nigel Sizer, tropical forest ecologist. “It is responsible for 80% to 90% of 【8】 loss of tropical forests around the world.” Environmental groups say these activities can 【9】 (slow) in a much more sustainable way.

However, you can help reforest parts of the world through the Rainforest Trust and Rainforest Alliance. The Rainforest Trust allows you to restrict your donations to a specific project. The Rainforest Alliance says 100% of your 【10】 (contribute) will help stop deforestation in Brazil right now.

Here are some tips for getting started with TOERL:

Plan ahead —【2】Do not expect a big lift in your test results in two weeks. There is no easy way to improve your score quickly. You will have to spend a lot of time and energy.

Master the basics first —【3】.If you score below 500 on the PBT or 70 on the iBT, study the fundamentals for a few months and come back to the TOEFL later.

Get a study guide It is easy to find study guides for the iBT. 【4】 The best study guides will have explanations in the answer key. PBT study guides are difficult to find because the test is being phased out.

【5】— Remember, you are learning a language, not a test. You can improve your TOEFL part of your daily life. Some simple ways are listening to podcasts, watching movies, reading newspapers, sending and reading text messages in English, and writing online comments in English.

A.Know English well.

B.Use various resources.

C.It is still used in some developing countries.

D.Raising your score will take months of intensive work.

E.If you have a choice, take the iBT if it is not too pricey.

F.Pearson, Barron’s，ETS, and Kaplan all produce quality materials.

G.You should have at least an upper- intermediate English level before you attempt the test.

It began in 2017 while she was volunteering for Build A Miracle and building a home for a family in need in Tijuana, Mexico. Daniella found it so fulfilling that she took the lead in building another home with the support of her family and friends.

To date, she has raised $32,000 for her cause and recently headed to Tijuana to begin building her team’s second home.

“It has been an unbelievable experience,” Daniella, a freshman at Cathedral Catholic High School in San Diego, said. She learned about Build A Miracle through her previous school, Notre Dame Academy. It is a nonprofit organization that takes a family in need from a shack (棚屋) to a new home with electricity, bedrooms, kitchen and a bathroom. It has built more than 350 homes since 1999.

During this most recent trip to Tijuana, Daniella and her team poured the foundation (基金) for the second new home. Additionally, she used her other volunteering position as a member of KIDBOX’s Kids board of directors to help distribute $10,000 worth of brand new KIDBOX clothing to her BAM community’s kids.

Between BAM and KIDBOX, the busy teen said she would continue to volunteer both locally and in Mexico to “stay humble.” She isn’t about to stop helping others; in fact, it’s something she treasures. “I’ve been working with BAM for about a year and a half. I got involved at the end of seventh grade when my previous school sponsored the building of a school sponsored home; my mom forced my family and me to go down to TJ to actually help build the house,” she said. “Meeting the family and seeing their delight and relief when they walked into their new home was priceless and is what inspired me to keep doing this.”

【1】What made Daniella stand out among teens?

A.Her constant efforts to help those less fortunate.

B.The building of a school sponsored home.

C.Her attempt to raise a fund for her cause.

D.The organizing of Build A Miracle.

【2】How did Daniella make connections between BAM and KIDBOX?

A.She encouraged KIDBOX to collect money for BAM.

B.She promoted a donation to BAM from KIDBOX.

C.She held leading positions in both organizations.

D.She built a platform for them to communicate.

【3】What chiefly inspired Daniella to keep helping others?

A.The support from her parents.B.Carmel Valley’s traditional values.

C.Tijuana families’ happy reactions.D.The influence from her previous school.

1. 讲座目的；

2. 讲座时间， 内容；

3. 欢迎收看。

注意: 1. 词数 100 左右;

2. 可以适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯。

Dear foreign friends,

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Student Union

1. 提出邀请并简述原因；

2. 约定见面时间和地点；

3. 提出观影后活动建议。

注意：1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3. 开头及结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。

Dear Chris,

How is everything?

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Best wishes.

Yours,

Li Hua