Nuclearpowered aircraft carriers are considered one of the most important marine weapons in the
20th century. So far, only two countries in the world, the USA and France, have ever produced them.
But these fearful fighting machines are about to enter Asia.
     The US Navy said last month that one of its nine nuclearpowered aircraft carriers will be sent to
Japan to replace the diesel(柴油)powered carrier Kitty Hawk in 2008. In an agreement on October
30, the two countries also planned to level up their military (军事的) cooperation and the USA called
for Japan to take a larger role in alliance military moves.
     It will be the first time that a nuclearpowered carrier is based in Japan. Bombed by US forces in
World War? at Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan is the only world country to have been attacked by
a nuclear weapon. Therefore, the citizens are highly sensitive to where nuclearpowered weapons are
based.
     "A radiation leak at Yokosuka would kill 100,000 people as far away as Tokyo, and could cause
billions of dollars in damage," said Masahiko Goto, leader of a protest group in Yokosuka. His group
has collected more than 300,000 signatures of people across Japan opposed to the nuclear carrier.
     The 44 year old Kitty Hawk, the US Navy's oldest active ship, has been based in Yokosuka since
1998. It had returned to the US to be decommissioned in 2008. The new carrier, yet to be unveiled,_
will travel faster, be capable of supporting longer operations and carry with it the Navy's most modern
technology.
     Experts pointed that this change is not only to strengthen the USJapan military alliance but also to
keep the military power of China and North Korea within limits. However, even Japanese experts
don't believe that the two countries are threats to the region.
     "There is no need for Japan to have a nuclear carrier as defense," said Tetsuo Maeda, an
international relations professor at Tokyo International University. He said that the change of ship
indicates an increased military capability in the region, much more than what is needed.

     An American space company says a powerful new rocket should be ready for a test launch by the
end of 2012. The company is Space Exploration Technologies, or SpaceX. Its new rocket is called the
Falcon Heavy.
     Company officials say it'll be able to transport satellites or spacecraft weighing up to 53 metric tons
into orbit. Fiftythree metric tons is 117,000 pounds. That load weight is double the capacity of NASA
space shuttles. The space agency is retiring its shuttles after thirty years.
     Elon Musk is the chief executive officer of SpaceX. He says the Falcon Heavy will be the second
most powerful rocket ever. He says it was designed to carry satellites and other equipment into space.
He says the rocket was designed to meet NASA's ratings for human flight safety. So it could someday
be used to carry astronauts and other travelers into space.
     Mr. Musk says the Falcon Heavy could also be used for missions(任务) like carrying a robotic lander
to collect samples from Mars. He says, "It has so much more capability than any other vehicle that I think we can start to consider missions like a Mars sample return, which requires a tremendous amount of lift
capability because you've got to send a lander to Mars that still has enough propellant(推进物) to return
to Earth."
     The first launch is planned from the company’s launch site at Vandenberg Air Force Base in California. A launch from Cape Canaveral, Florida, is expected in late 2013 or 2014.
     In time, SpaceX hopes to launch ten Falcon Heavy rockets a year. It says the rocket should cut back
on launch costs to about 2,000 dollars a kilogram.
     SpaceX already has a billionandahalfdollar deal with NASA to use a smaller rocket to transport
cargo(货物) to the International Space Station. The rocket is the Falcon 9, and the deal is for after the
two last shuttles-Endeavour and Atlantis-are retired this year.
1. What do we know about the feature of the new rocket from the second paragraph?
(No more than 11 words)
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2. Why did SpaceX want to design the new rocket？(No more than 16 words)
________________________________________________________________________
3. Why can the new rocket be used to carry a robotic lander to collect samples from Mars?
(No more 6 words)
________________________________________________________________________
4. What will SpaceX do for the NASA after Endeavour and Atlantis are retired?
(No more than 14 words)
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