Most sharks are dangerous. The largest kind of sharks-the whale shark-has small teeth and is quite harmless
 to people. However, blue sharks, tiger sharks, white sharks and hammerheads are enemies of man. Man-eaters
are always a danger to swimmers in shark waters. Sometimes, though, men have used strange methods when
they're suddenly faced with a shark.
     During world War Ⅱ, soldiers and sailors whose boats or planes were destroyed drifted (漂流) helplessly
on the ocean in small rafts (筏子). While waiting to be saved, the men had to struggle to stay alive and were
often attacked by sharks. In some cases, they had few weapons to protect themselves with. They found that
just splashing (溅水) water seemed to help keep the sharks away.
     One sailor was swimming for his life in the Atlantic Ocean after his boat had been blown up. He saw a
shark swimming towards him. He hit the shark with his bare fist, and that drove it off.
     Once, in Australia, a fisherman was fishing after sunset. He hooked a big fish and drew it towards the shore. His line broke when the fish was only a few yards from the shore. The fisherman waded (涉水) into the water
to try to catch it with his hands. In the dim light, it looked like the kind of fish that could be dealt with without
danger.
     He put his arms around the fish and wrestled with it. Dragging it to the beach turned out to be harder than
he had expected, but at last he pulled it in. When he turned a light on it, he was amazed. He had caught a shark.
It was small for a shark, but it was the man-eating type and was about as long as a tall man. In a word, the
best way to deal with sharks is to keep far away from them.

1. The shark that is least dangerous to man is the _______.

A. white shark
B. whale shark
C. tiger shark
D. hammerhead shark

2. This story tells you that sharks are usually ________.

A. friendly
B. small
C. afraid of people
D. dangerous

3. After the Australian fisherman found he had caught a shark, he was ________.

A. surprised
B. frightened
C. unhappy
D. angry

4. This story tells you that the best way to handle sharks is to ________.

A. hit them with your fist
B. keep far away from them
C. splash water
D. wrestle with them

5. The passage mainly tells us something ________.

A. about fishing sharks
B. about sharks
C. how to eat sharks
D. that sharks are man's enemies

     Many people believe that they   1   (suppose) to drink eight glasses of water   2   day, or about two liters.
Why? Because that is   3   they have been told all their lives.    4    a new report offers some different advice.
The experts say people should obey their bodies; they should drink as   5    water as they feel like drinking. 
     The report contains some general    6    (suggest). The experts say that women should get about 2.7 liters
of water   7  (day). Men should get about 3.7 liters. But wait in each case, that is more than eight glasses.
There is an important difference. The report does not tell people how many glasses of water to drink.  8    
fact, the experts say that    9   may be impossible to know how many glasses are needed to meet these
guidelines. This is because the daily requirement can include the water  10  (contain) in foods.

     We live in a digital world now, and a student's technology needs have changed. For the early years, say
when you are in primary school, you can get by with no technology at all. Even if you have a computer, it's a
good idea to get children familiar with libraries. At this age, trips to the library are like family outings.
     As you get closer to middle school, a computer with Internet access becomes more of a necessity.
Teachers will often give assignments that require a student to use the Internet for research. After a computer,
technology choices for students become more difficult to make - especially when it comes to cellphones. Kids
will beg their parents for a cell-phone, especially in middle school. For many parents, it's a safety issue: They
want to know that their kids can reach them quickly if necessary. For teachers, cell phones can be used to
record lessons when students are absent. But many teachers dislike cell-phones. Some kids send messages or
have talks in the class. Sending messages also raises the problem of cheating on exams. More and more schools are now forbidding the use of cellphones.
     Many kids see iPods as necessary things to have. iPods are great for music, but do they do anything good
for your children's education? Maybe they do. That's the opinion of Doug Johnson, an educator for 30 years.
Johnson says that educators should accept all new forms of technology in the classroom, including iPods.
"Some do more with their cell- phones than we can do with our laptops," he jokes."I don't think we should be
afraid. The truth is that it's easier to change the way we teach than to change the technology habits of an entire
generation."

1. According to author, primary school children should _____. 

A. use the computer and the Internet regularly
B. ask their parents to buy them cell-phones
C. buy iPods to listen to music
D. go to libraries to read more books

2. Why do parents agree to buy their children cell-phones?

A. They want their children to be cool.
B. They think cell-phones be helpful to their study.
C. They want to keep in touch with their children.
D. They want their children to keep up to date.

3. The following are all reasons why many teachers dislike cell-phones EXCEPT ______.

A. cell-phones can be used to cheat on exams
B. schoolchildren will send messages during class
C. cell-phones can be used to record lessons
D. schoolchildren might talk on them during class

4. What does the underlined word "that" refers to?

A. iPods can be used to listen to music.
B. iPods can be helpful for children's education.
C. iPods can be used to play games.
D. iPods are necessary for children's lives.

5. We can infer from what Doug Johnson said that _______.

A. cell-phones are not useful to students
B. teachers should let students use cell-phones
C. it's better for teachers to change their teaching methods
D. schoolchildren should follow the trends(潮流) of fashion

     One of the founding fathers of the internet has predicted the end of traditional television. Vint Serf, who
helped to build the internet while working as a researcher in America, said that television was approaching
its "iPod moment."
     In the same way that people now download their favorite music onto their iPods, he said that viewers
would soon be downloading most of their favorite programmers onto their computers. "85 percent of all
video we watch is pre-recorded, so you can set your system to download it at any time," said Mr. Cerf,
who is now the vice-president of Goggle.
     "You're still going to need live television for certain things--like news, sporting events and emergencies-
but increasingly it will be almost like iPod, where you download content to look at later."
     Although television-on-demand has not yet become a main activity in the UK, the BBC, 1TV and Channel
4 have all invested a lot of money in technology which Mr. Cerf think will enable viewers to watch their
favorite shows on their computers.
     However, some critics (批评家) have warned that the Internet will collapse (崩溃) if millions of people
try to download programmers at the same time.
     Over the next four years, scientists think the number of videos watched over the Internet will double,
with people moving from short chips to hour-long programmes.
     Broadband companies claim that the service will cause "traffic jams", which will cost millions of pounds
to solve. Mr. Cerf dismissed these warnings, saying that critics had predicted 20 years ago that the net would
collapse when people all around the world started to use it at the same time, "We're far from exhausting (用
尽) the capacity," he said. "I want every one of the six billion people in the planet to be able to connect to
the Internet."

1. Vint Cerf is all the following EXCEPT that _____.

A. a researcher in the United States
B. the vice-president of Goggle
C. one of the founders of the Internet
D. a manager of a broadband company

2. Which of the following is NOT something Vint Cerf has predicted?

A. Traditional television will soon have its iPod moment.
B. The number of videos watched over the Internet will double.
C. Viewers will be able to download TV programmers onto their iPods.
D. Viewers will be able to watch their favorite TV shows on the Internet.

3. According to the passage, people can always do all the following EXCEPT _____.

A. watch short clips over the Internet
B. download live TV over the Internet
C. download per-recorded videos over the Internet
D. listen to their favorite music on their computers

4. Some critics are now predicting _____.

A. the Internet will collapse if millions of people use it at the same time
B. people all over the world will be able to connect to the Internet
C. the Internet will crash if too many people download TV programmes at the same time
D. the videos people watch over the Internet

5. This passage mainly tells us _____.

A. a Goggle expert is predicting the end of traditional television
B. the Internet will never be used to download people's favourite shows
C. the Internet will become more popular
D. something about Vint Cerf

     After blogging regularly for two months, people felt they had better social support and friendship networks
than those who didn't blog. Blogging can help you feel less isolated, more connected to a community and more
satisfied with your friendships. Both online and face-to-face, a new Australian research has found.
     Researchers James Baker and Professor Susan Moore from Swinburne have written two papers investigating
the psychological benefits of blogging-regularly updating personal web pages with information that invites others
to comment.
     The first, published in the latest issue of the journal CyberPsychology and Behaviour. compares the mental
health of people intending to blog with that of people not planning to blog. Moore says the researchers messaged
600 MySpace users personally and directed them to an online survey. A total of 134 completed the questionnaire.
84 intended to blog and 50 didn't.
     "We found potential bloggers were less satisfied with their friendships and they felt less socially integrated;
they didn't feet as much part of a community as the people who weren't interested in blogging …"Moore says.
"It was as if they were saying 'I'm going to do this blogging and it's going to help me'."
     And it seemed to do the trick, as the researchers' second study shows. This study which is yet to be
published, was conducted two months later. The researchers sent out questionnaires (调查问卷) to the same
group of MySpace users, this time 59 responded Bloggers reported a greater sense of belonging to a group of
like-minded people and feeling more confident because they could rely on others for help. All respondents,
whether or not they blogged, reported feeling less anxious, depressed and stressed after two months of online
social networking.
     "So going onto MySpace had lifted the mood of all participants in some way," Moore says. "Maybe they'd
just made more social connections."
     Moore acknowledges this is early research and hopes to follow a larger group of people for a longer period time to test some of the research findings.

1. What does the passage mainly tell us?

A. The mental health of bloggers.
B. Blogging improves one's social life.
C. What kind of people are likely to blog.
D. Blogging has become more and more popular.

2. It can be inferred from the fourth paragraph that _____.

A. those who were not interested in blogging didn't have good mental health
B. people were likely to become bloggers if they felt socially isolated
C. potential bloggers were those who had mental health problems
D. potential bloggers usually held a wrong view about blogging

3. The purpose of the second study is to find out _____. 

A. what people do on MySpace
B. how many people became bloggers
C. how people felt after blogging for two months
D. how many people kept blogging after two months

4. The second study shows that _____.

A. online social networking can do people good
B. only bloggers benefit from online social networking
C. not many potential bloggers became real bloggers
D. not all bloggers found the help they needed

5. The main purpose of people going onto MySpace is probably to _____.

A. exchange goods
B. entertain themselves
C. seek help
D. exchange views

     After blogging regularly for two months, people felt they had better social support and friendship networks
than those who didn't blog. Blogging can help you feel less isolated, more connected to a community and more
satisfied with your friendships. Both online and face-to-face, a new Australian research has found.
     Researchers James Baker and Professor Susan Moore from Swinburne have written two papers investigating
the psychological benefits of blogging-regularly updating personal web pages with information that invites others
to comment.
     The first, published in the latest issue of the journal CyberPsychology and Behaviour. compares the mental
health of people intending to blog with that of people not planning to blog. Moore says the researchers messaged
600 MySpace users personally and directed them to an online survey. A total of 134 completed the questionnaire.
84 intended to blog and 50 didn't.
     "We found potential bloggers were less satisfied with their friendships and they felt less socially integrated;
they didn't feet as much part of a community as the people who weren't interested in blogging …"Moore says.
"It was as if they were saying 'I'm going to do this blogging and it's going to help me'."
     And it seemed to do the trick, as the researchers' second study shows. This study which is yet to be
published, was conducted two months later. The researchers sent out questionnaires (调查问卷) to the same
group of MySpace users, this time 59 responded Bloggers reported a greater sense of belonging to a group of
like-minded people and feeling more confident because they could rely on others for help. All respondents,
whether or not they blogged, reported feeling less anxious, depressed and stressed after two months of online
social networking.
     "So going onto MySpace had lifted the mood of all participants in some way," Moore says. "Maybe they'd
just made more social connections."
     Moore acknowledges this is early research and hopes to follow a larger group of people for a longer period time to test some of the research findings.

1. What does the passage mainly tell us?

A. The mental health of bloggers.
B. Blogging improves one's social life.
C. What kind of people are likely to blog.
D. Blogging has become more and more popular.

2. It can be inferred from the fourth paragraph that _____.

A. those who were not interested in blogging didn't have good mental health
B. people were likely to become bloggers if they felt socially isolated
C. potential bloggers were those who had mental health problems
D. potential bloggers usually held a wrong view about blogging

3. The purpose of the second study is to find out _____. 

A. what people do on MySpace
B. how many people became bloggers
C. how people felt after blogging for two months
D. how many people kept blogging after two months

4. The second study shows that _____.

A. online social networking can do people good
B. only bloggers benefit from online social networking
C. not many potential bloggers became real bloggers
D. not all bloggers found the help they needed

5. The main purpose of people going onto MySpace is probably to _____.

A. exchange goods
B. entertain themselves
C. seek help
D. exchange views

     Each cell in the human body contains about 25,000 to 35,000 genes, which carry information that determines
your traits. Traits are characteristics you inherit from your parents; this means your parents pass some of their
characteristics on to you through genes. For example, if both of your parents have green eyes, you might inherit
the trait of green eyes from them. Or if your mom has freckles, you might inherit that trait and wind up with a
freckled face. And genes aren't just in humans - all animals and plants have genes, too.
     Genes hang out all lined up on thread-like things called chromosomes. Chromosomes come in pairs, and there
are hundreds, sometimes thousands of genes in one chromosome. The chromosomes and genes are made of
DNA, which is short for deoxyribonucleic acid.
     Chromosomes are found inside cells, the very small units that make up all living things. A cell is so tiny that
you can only see it through the lens of a strong microscope, and there are billions of cells in your body. Most
cells have one nucleus. The nucleus, which is sort of egg-shaped, is like the brain of the cell. It tells every part
of the cell what to do. How does the nucleus know so much? It contains our chromosomes and genes. Tiny as
it is, the nucleus has more information in it than the biggest dictionary you've ever seen.

1. What is the best title of this passage?

A. What Is a Gene?
B. How Do Genes Work?
C. What Does A Gene Consist of?
D. How Do Nucleus Command Cells?

2. What does the underlined word "inherit" probably mean in the first paragraph?

A. carry
B. send
C. obtain
D. pass

3. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. The parents pass some characteristics on to their children.
B. All living things receive traits from the old generations.
C. One's green eyes might be passed on from the parents.
D. A mother's freckled face might affect her young's face.

4. From the passage we can know that _____.

A. genes can decide all your characteristics from parents
B. genes exist inside cells that make up all living things
C. genes tells every part of the cell what to do
D. Chromosomes come in pairs containing genes.

5. From the passage we can conclude that _____.

A. not all cells have one nucleus inside
B. not all living things are made up of cells
C. genes aren't in humans but in animals and plants
D. DNA is made of chromosomes and genes

     [1]It seems parents have long been right. Going to bed early is key to getting enough sleep and helping
adolescents feel on top of the world, a new study reported.
     [2]A lack of sleep among youngsters may trigger depression and suicidal thoughts, according to the
study by the Columbia University Medical Center.
     [3]"Our results are consistent with the theory that inadequate sleep is a risk factor for depression, working
with other risk and protective factors through multiple possible causal ways to the development of this mood
disorder," said lead author James Gangwisch.
     [4]"Adequate quality sleep could therefore be a preventative measure against depression and a treatment
for depression," he added in the study published in the Friday issue of Sleep magazine.
     [5]The study followed the nightly habits of some 15,659 college and high-school students, and found those
who consistently turned in after midnight had a 24 percent higher risk of depression than those who _______ 
before 10:00 pm. Night owls also ran a 20 percent higher risk of battling suicidal thoughts, the study added.
     [6]The American Academy of Sleep Medicine recommends that adolescents should sleep at least nine hours
or more a night. Those who were tucked in before 10:00 pm reported they slept on average about eight hours
and 10 minutes. But that amount of sleep dropped significantly for those in bed after midnight.
     [7]And adolescents who slept five hours or less a night were 71 percent more likely to suffer depression
and 48 percent more at risk of becoming suicidal, the study said.
     [8]"It is a common perception and societal expectation that adolescents do not need as much sleep as pre-
adolescents. Yet studies suggest that adolescents may actually require more sleep." said Gangwisch.
     [9]"Studies have found that adolescents do not go to bed early enough to make up for earlier school start
time. And transitions to earlier school start times have been shown to be associated with significant sleep
deprivation."

1. What's the main idea of the passage? (Please answer within 8 words)
    _____________________________________________________________________________________
2. What theory are the study results similar to? (Please answer within 20 words)
    _____________________________________________________________________________________
3. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 5 with proper words. (Please answer within 6 words)
    _____________________________________________________________________________________
4. Which sentence in the text is the closest in meaning to the following one? It's widely accepted that the
    youngsters needn't sleep as much as the child. 
    _____________________________________________________________________________________
5. Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 9 into Chinese. 
    _____________________________________________________________________________________

     It's not easy being a teenager (13至19岁青少年)-nor is it easy being the parent of a teenager. You can
make your child feel angry, hurt, or misunderstood by what you say without realizing it yourself. It is important
to give your child the space he needs to grow while gently letting him know that you you'll still be there for
him when he needs you.
     Expect a lot from your child, just not everything. Except for health and safety problems, such as drug use
or careless driving; consider everything else open to discussion. If your child is unwilling to discuss something,
don't insist he tell you what's on his mind. The more you insist, the more likely that he'll clam up. Instead, let
him attempt to solve (解决) things by himself. At the same time, remind him that you're always there for him
should he seek advice or help. Show respect for your teenager's privacy (隐私). Never read him his mail or
listen in on personal conversions.
     Teach your teenager that the family phone is for the whole family. If your child talks on the family's
telephone for too long, tell him he can talk for15 minutes, but then he must stay off the phone for at least an
equal period of time. This not only frees up the line so that other family members can make and receive calls,
but teaches your teenager moderation (节制). Or if you are open to the idea, allow your teenager his own
phone that he pays for with his own pocket money or a part-time job

1. The main purpose of the text is to tell parents _____.

A. how to get along with a teenager
B. how to respect a teenager
C. how to understand a teenager
D. how to help a teenager grow up

2. What does the phrase "clam up" in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A. become excited
B. show respect
C. refuse to talk
D. seek help

3. The last paragraph is about how to teach a teenager _____.

A. to use the phone in a sensible way
B. to pay for his own telephone
C. to share the phone quickly
D. to answer the phone quickly

4. What should parents do in raising a teenager according to the text?

A. Nor allow him to learn driving or take drugs
B. Give him advice only when necessary
C. Let him have his own telephone
D. Not talk about personal things with him

     For centuries, the only form of written correspondence (通信) was the letters were, and are, sent by
some form of postal service, the history of which goes back a long way. Indeed, the Egyptians began
sending letters from about 2000 BC, as did the Chinese a thousand years later.
     Of course, modern postal service now are march more developed and faster. depending as they do on
cars and planes fore delivery. Yet they are still too slow for some people to send urgent documents (紧急
文件) and letters.
     The invention of the fax (传真) machine increased the speed of delivering documents even more. When
you send a fax you are sending a copy of a piece of correspondence to someone by telephone service. It
was not until the early 1980s that such a service was developed enough for businesses to be able to fax
documents to each other.
     The fax service is still very much in use when copies of documents require to be sent, but, as a way of
fast correspondence, it has been largely taken the place of by email. Email is used to describe messages sent
form one computer user to another.
     There are advantages and disadvantages with emails. If you send some one an email,then he will receive
it extremely quickly. Normal postal services are rather slow as far as speed of delivery is concerned.
     However, if you write something by email, which you might later regret, and send it immediately, there
is no chance for second thoughts. At least, if you are have to address and seal (封) the envelope and take it
to the post box. There is plenty of time to change your mind. The message is think before you email!

1. We can learn from the text that _____.

A. the postal service has over the years become slower
B. email is less popular than the fax service
C. the postal service has over the years become faster
D. the fax service has a history as long as the postal service does

2. It can be inferred from the text that _____.

A. the fax machine was invented after the 1980s
C. the fax service had been fully developed by the 1980s
B. letters have been used in China for about 1,000 years
D. letters have been used in Egypt for about 2,000 years

3. In the last paragraph, the write mentions "think before you email" to show that _____.

A. you'd better not send your email in a hurry
B. you may regret if you don't seal your envelope
C. you may regret before you send something by email
D. you need plenty of time to send an email

4. The text mainly deals with _____.

A. the invention of fax machines
B. the advantage of fax machines
C. the advantage of emails
D. the progress in correspondence