You can make the
                                                                     difference between
                                                                       this…and this 
     This summer, join the International Conservation Scouts on a fun-filled holiday with a difference. Year after
year, young people from all around the world get together at one of our sixteen conservation (环境保护) camp. Their shared aim? To help protect the countryside and its wildlife.
      Many animals and plants are in danger of disappearing forever. The dormouse, a kind of mouse, for
example, needs woodland plants for food and trees to stay in. Its habitat (栖息地) is being destroyed by man
and it needs our help to survive.
     On a conservation camp holiday you will learn all about nature and how to protect it. Our trained leaders
will accompany you and tell you everything you need to know. Because of this you don' t need any experience,
just energy and enthusiasm. You will explore the countryside and work to ensure the survival of hundreds of
animals and plants and still have plenty of time to enjoy the camp's excellent sports facilities and organized
nature paths through beautiful scenery.
     The International Conservation Scouts is a worldwide organization, so there must be a camp near you, You
can spend a splendid holiday at any of the camps for as little as f 60 including accommodation and food.
     For more information send for a free conservation camps handbook today.
                                                          International Conservation
                                                         Scouts Stanton St John
                                                           Oxford shire OX7 1TL
                                              THEKEY TO SAVING WILDUFE IS TO
                                         FROTECT NATURAL HABITATS: YOUR WORK
                                                    WILL MAKE A DIFFERCNCE

1. The main purpose of this passage is ______.

A. to offer young people a fun-filled holiday
B. to attract young people to attend a conservation camp
C. to persuade people into exploring the countryside
D. to raise funds for the International Conservation Scouts

2. According to the passage, you can ______ at the conservation camps.

A. experiment on the dormouse
B. practise your favorite hobbies
C. enrich your knowledge of wildlife
D. have free accommodation and food

3. Judging from the writing style of the passage, it is ______.

A. a piece of advertisement
B. a science report
C. a passage for professional reading
D. a passage for arguing an opinion

      We've all seen them: perfectly toned famous people on late-night television telling us that we too can
develop rock-hard abdominal muscles (腹肌). It's easy! Just pay $149.99 for the Torso Track or $149.75
for the Ad-Doer and watch those unwanted inches leave your waist. Americans spend tens of millions of
dollars on various products to firm up their fat around the waist. And did they work? Not necessarily.
Independent studies have concluded that most of these products-no matter who approved them or how
expensive they are-shape your midsection no better than old-fashioned stomach crunches (仰卧起坐). Some
can even cause injury- like the $518.99 Body Shaper-Q8SP, which left electrical burns on some researchers
at the University of Wisconsin, La Crosse. Others, like the popular Ab-Doer, typically burn less energy than
a gentle walk, according to a study to be published in September by the American Council on Exercise.
     The fact is that many Americans don't have the biological makeup to develop an obvious abdominal
muscles. They are either unable to get the necessary muscle mass or they can't lose enough fat to make a
difference. Even if the underlying muscles are well developed, all it takes to hide it is one-sixteenth of an inch
of fat. That's enough to exclude most healthy women as well as plenty of guys who do crunches every day.
     So what works best? In its new study, the exercise experts researched on the results of the popular
Ab-Doer. A lengthy TV advertisement promises that just 10 minutes a day performing such movements as
"Body Boogies" and "Good Mornings" will "help form those muscles the fun and easy way without diets."
Steven Loy, professor at California State University, Northridge, tested the promise by measuring the
electrical activity produced by the abdominal muscles during three Ab-Doer movements. He and his colleagues
then compared the results with those produced during traditional exercises. They determined that the muscles
were no more active, and in some cases less so, when exercisers were using the Ab-Doer.
     Taking a broader approach, researchers at San Diego State University compared 13 abdominal exercises
for their ability to develop the central abdominal muscles. They concluded, in a report published in May, that
the most effective exercises kept turning the body and worked the muscles the entire time. Among the
winners: the bicycle movements-so called because it looks as if you are riding a bike while lying flat on the
floor-and exercises performed on the "Captain's Chair", a product typically found in gyms that helps hold the
body in the air while you raise your legs up toward your chest. Researchers suggested that a varied routine
of the different exercises could deliver the best results.

1. Which of the following is the most effective in building abdominal muscles?

A. Torso Track.
B. Ab-Doer.
C. Captain's Chair.
D. Body Shaper-Q8SP.

2. According to the author, it's difficult for many Americans to get visible firm abdominal muscles
   mainly because _____.

A. they do not put in enough efforts
B. injuries interrupt their exercise frequently
C. they change their exercise routine regularly
D. how big their muscles will be is determined by birth

3. The author convinces the readers by _____.

A. describing successful cases
B. offering professional suggestions
C. presenting findings of researches
D. comparing advertisements of products

4. What's the main purpose of this passage?

A. To research and develop in order to create the perfect stomach and exercise machine.
B. To promote proven exercise techniques and to advise against false advertisements.
C. To indicate that diet and exercises are necessary factors for a fit midsection.
D. To sponsor rich healthy lifestyle based on advanced product research.

     Psychology (心理学) has a new application in the field of medicine. Many doctors, together with their
patients, are looking for alternative methods of treatment of physical problems. In large hospitals, modern
therapy (疗法) seems to focus on the physical disease. Patients may feel they are treated like broken
machines. Some doctors have recognized this as a problem. They are now using psychological therapy, in
which the patient is working with the doctors against the disease with the help of medicine. The patient does
not wait for the medicine and treatment to cure him or her, but instead the patient joins in the fight.
     The doctor knows that a disease affects a patient's body physically. The body of the patient changes
because of the disease. He is not only physically affected, but also has an emotional response to the disease.
Because his mind is affected, his attitude and behavior change. The medical treatment might cure the patient's
physical problems, but the patient's mind must fight the emotional ones. For example, the studies of one
doctor, Carl Simonton, M. D., have shown that a typical cancer patient has predictable attitudes. She typically
feels depressed, upset, and angry. Her constant depression makes her acts unfriendly toward her family,
friends, doctors, and nurses. Such attitudes and behaviors prevent recovery. Therefore, a doctor's treatment
must help the patient change that. Simonton's method emphasizes treatment of the"whole" patient.
     The attitude of a cancer patient receiving radiation therapy, an X-ray treatment, can become more positive.
The physician who is following Simonton's psychological treatment plan suggests that the patient imagine that
he or she can see the tumor (肿瘤) in the body. In the mental picture, the patient"sees" a powerful beam of
radiation like a million bullets of energy. The patient imagines the beam hitting the tumor cells and causing
them to shrink. For another cancer patient, Dr. Simonton asks him to imagine the medicine going from the
stomach into the bloodstream and to the cancer cells. The patient imagines that the medicine is like an army
fighting the diseased cells and sees the cancer cells gradually dying and his blood carry away the dead cells.
Both the medical therapy and the patient's positive attitude fight the disease.
     Doctors are not certain why this mental therapy works. However, this use of psychology does help some
patients because their attitudes about themselves change. They become more confident because they use the
power within their own minds to help stop the disease. Another application of using the mind to help cure
disease is the use of suggestion therapy. At first, the doctor helps the patient to concentrate deeply. The
patient thinks only about one thing. He becomes so unaware of other things around him that he is asleep, or
 rather in a trance (催眠状态). Then the physician makes"a suggestion" to the patient about the medical
problem. The patient's mind responds to the suggestion even after the patient is no longer in the trance. In
this way, the patient uses his mind to help his body respond to treatment. Doctors have learned that this use
of psychology is helpful for both adults and children. For example, physicians have used suggestion to help
adults deal with the strong pain of some disease. Furthermore, sometimes the adult patient worries about her
illness so much that the anxiety keeps her from getting well. The right suggestions may help the patient to
stop being anxious. Such treatment may help the patient with a chronic(慢性的) diseases. Asthma (哮喘) is
an example of a chronic disorder. Asthma is a disease that causes the patient to have difficulty in breathing.
The patient starts to cough and sometimes has to fight to get the air that he or she needs. Psychology can
help relieve the symptoms of this disorder. After suggestion therapy, the asthma patient breathes more easily.
     Physicians have learned that the psychological method is very useful in treating children. Children respond
quickly to the treatment because they are fascinated by it. For example, Dr. Basil R. Collison has worked with
121 asthmatic children in Sydney, Australia, and had good results. Twenty-five of the children had Excellent
results. They were able to breathe more easily, and they did not need medication. Another forty-three were
also helped. The symptoms of the asthma occurred less frequently, and when they did, they were not as
strong. Most of the children also felt better about themselves. Doctors have also used suggestion to change
habits like nail-biting, thumb-sucking, and sleep-related problems.
     Many professional medical groups have accepted the medical use of psychology and that psychology has
important applications in medicine.

1. What does the passage mainly discuss?

A. How suggestion therapy benefits adults and children.
B. How modern therapy focuses on the disease.
C. Responses from the medical world.
D. How to use the mind against disease.

2. How does psychological therapy work?

A. The patient waits for the medicine and treatment to cure him.
B. The doctor uses medical treatment to cure the patient's problems.
C. The doctor, the medicine, and the patient work together to fight disease.
D. The patient uses his mind to cure himself.

3. What can we learn from the studies of Carl Simonton, M. D.?

A. The medical treatment can cure the patient's mental disease.
B. The treatment of a patient by treating the body and the mind is necessary.
C. The mental treatment is more important than medical treatment.
D. Few patients have emotional response to the disease.

4. The use of psychological therapy is helpful to some patients in that _____.

A. the medical effect is better with psychological therapy than without it
B. the patients can see a powerful beam of radiation hitting their tumor cells
C. the patients' attitudes towards themselves have changed
D. the patients are easy to accept the methods the doctors use to treat them

5. It can be learned from the passage that suggestion therapy cannot be used to _____.

A. help adults deal with the strong pain of some diseases
B. help the patients with chronic diseases
C. help change some bad habits
D. help cure patients of insomnia(失眠症) .

6. According to the passage, which of the following remains unknown so far?

A. The value of mental therapy.
B. The effectiveness of suggestion therapy.
C. The working principle of suggestion therapy.
D. The importance of psychology in medical treatment

     Swimming cycling, jogging, skiing, dancing, walking or any of dozens of other activities can help your
heart.   1  . Whether it is a structured exercise program or just part of your daily routine, all exercise adds
up to having a healthier heart. Here are some tips for exercise success.
     ☆ Choose activities that are fun and add variety. Develop several activities that you can enjoy.   2   
     ☆ Wear comfortable, properly fitted shoes and comfortable, loose-fitting clothing appropriate for the
weather and the activity.
     ☆ Find a convenient time and place to do activities.   3   . If you miss an exercise opportunity, work
activity into your day another way.
     ☆ Use music to keep yourself entertained.
     ☆   4   Decide what kind of support you need. Do you want them to remind you to exercise? Exercise
with you regularly or occasionally? Be understanding when you get up early to exercise?Spend time with the
children while you exercise? Try not to ask you to change your exercise routine? Share your activity time
with others. Ask your family members, friends or co-workers for help.
      ☆ Don't overdo it, especially at first. You can slowly increase the time and intensity (强度) of your
activities as you become more fit.    5         
☆ Keep a record of your activities. Reward yourself at times. Nothing will inspire you more than success!

A. Try to make it a habit, but be flexible.
B. They all cause you to feel warm and breathe heavily without being out of breath.
C. Be an active role model for your children.
D. That way, exercise will never seem boring.
E. If you are overweight or have a high risk of heart disease, see your doctor for medical advice
    before exercising.
F. Surround yourself with supportive people.
G. Gradually, work up to exercising on most days of the week for 30-60 minutes.

      Ever since news of widespread food recalls caused by a carcinogenic dye (颜料) broke, there has been
confusion over possible links to the country of the same name, but Sudan officials say there is no connection
whatever.
     Sudan 1 is a red industrial dye that has been found in some chilli powder, but was banned in food products
across the European Union (EU) in July 2003. Since the ban was put in place, EU officials have been striving
to remove some food products from the shelves. So far 580 products have been recalled. Last week Sudan's
Embassy in the United Kingdom asked the Food Standards Agency (FSA) for clarification of the origin of the
dye's name.
     Omaima Mahmoud Al Sharief, a press official at Sudan's Embassy in China, explained the purpose of the
inquiry was to clear up any misunderstanding over links between the country and the poisonous dye. 　　
     "We want to keep an eye on every detail and avoid any misunderstanding there," she said."Our embassy
to Britain asked them how the dye got that name and whether the dye had something to do with our country.
But they told us there was no relationship."
     The FSA, an independent food security watchdog in Britain, received a letter from the Sudanese embassy
last week. 　
     "They asked us why the dye is named Sudan, however, we also do not know how it got the name," she
said. "People found the dye in 1883 and gave it the name. Nobody knows the reason, and we cannot give any
explanation before we find out."
     Sudan dyes, which include Sudan 1 to 4, are red dyes used for colouring solvents (溶剂), oils, waxes,
petrol, and shoe and floor polishes. They are classified as carcinogens by the International Agency for
Research on Cancer.

1. What does the underlined word mean in paragraph one?

A. Causing cancer.
B. Having side effect.
C. Containing poison.
D. Poisonous.

2. How did the Sudan 1 get its name?

A. The dye is often produced in Sudan.
B. The dye has something to do with the country named Sudan.
C. Nobody is sure of the origin of the name.
D. Many foods produced in Sudan contain the dye.

3. We can infer from the passage that _____.

A. the Sudan government is paying much attention to the food safety
B. Sudan 1 is often used to be added to the food
C. people didn't realize the danger of Sudan 1 until 2003
D. many food shops will be closed down

4. Which of the following is the best title?

A. Keep away from Sudan 1
B. No Sudan 1 dye links to the country
C. How Sudan 1 dye got its name?
D. Pay attention to the food safety

     Modern man has cleared the forests for farmland and for wood, and has also carelessly burned them.
More than that, though, he has also interfered (干涉) with the invisible bonds between the living things in
the forests. There are many examples of this kind of destruction. The harmfulness of man's interference
can be seen in what happened many years ago in the forest of the Kaibab plateau (凯亚巴布高原) of
northern Arizona. Man tried to improve on the natural web of forest life and destroyed it instead.
     The Kaibab had a storybook forest of large sized pine, Douglas fir, white fir, blue and Engelmann spruce.
In 1882 a visitor noted,"We, who... have wandered through its forests and parks, have come to regard it as
the most enchanting region it has ever been our privilege (特权) to visit." This was also the living place of the
Rocky Mountain mule deer. Indians hunted there every autumn to gather meat and skins. The forest also had
mountain lions, timber wolves and bobcats that kept the deer from multiplying too rapidly.
     Then, in 1906, President Theodore Roosevelt made the Kaibab a national game preserve. Deer hunting was
forbidden. Government hunters started killing off the deer's enemies. In 25 years' time, 6,250 mountain lions,
wolves and bobcats were killed. Before the program, there were about 4,000 deer in the Kaibab, by 1924,
there were about 100,000.
     The deer ate every leaf and twig they could reach. But there was not nearly enough food. Hunting of deer
was permitted again. This caused a slight decrease in the deer herd (鹿群),but a far greater loss resulted from
starvation (饥饿) and disease. Some 60 percent of the deer herd died in two winters. By 1930 the herd had
dropped to 20,000 animals. By 1942 it was down to 8,000.

1. The destruction of the environment of the Kaibab resulted from _____.

A. turning the forest into cultivated land
B. interfering with natural cycle of forest life
C. forest fires caused by man's carelessness
D. cutting the trees for building materials

2. "Engelmann spruce"(Para. 2) is most likely the name of _____.

A. a tree
B. an animal
C. a mountain
D. a game

3. The number of the deer in the Kaibab had increased enormously in _____ years' time.

A. 25
B. 6
C. 18
D. 12

4. Years later, large numbers of deer in the Kaibab died mainly because of _____.

A. the cold
B. the organized kill
C. the shortage of food
D. the poor management

     Many people turn to the web for health advice. Women use the Internet to look for health information
for themselves and their family significantly more than men, research has found. The study, by independent
research company Datamonitor, says that for this reason health sites should make greater efforts to appeal
to women by covering their health concerns.
     The researchers, who quizzed 4,531 adults across France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the UK and the US,
found that websites have become just as important as some off-line sources of health information. Fifty-seven
percent of those who looked for health information in the past 12 months consulted Internet sources.
     Report author Yvonne MacPherson said,"A distinct advantage of the Internet as a source of health
information is that information is easily accessible and can be read in private and at the leisure of the Internet
user." "Good health sites are not meant to replace interaction with a physician. Rather, they help patients
prepare for appointments and take more responsibility for their health." He added.
     Currently, 32-34% of adults aged 18 to 54 used the Internet to search for health information. This number
decreases to 27% in the 55 to 64 age group, and further to 14% in the 65 and over age group. Young Internet
users often conduct online health research on behalf of older family members who do not use the Internet.
     However, Datamonitor says that the audience for health information online will grow naturally as the
population ages, and more and more people grow up with the net. It recommends that website operators
focus their efforts on building a good long-term relationship with their existing consumers, rather than on
attempting to attract non-Internet users.

1. What is the main subject discussed in the passage?

A. The popularity of health websites.
B. The importance of health advice.
C. The advantage of the Internet sources.
D. The increase of people's health concerns.

2. According to Yvonne MacPherson, health information online could be described as ______.

A. acceptable
B. convenient
C. accurate
D. abundant

3. Which of the following is NOT true?

A. Health websites should pay more attention to women's health concerns.
B. A good health site should be able to replace interaction with a doctor.
C. The old tend to make less use of the Internet for health information.
D. The young may be the potential audience of health information online.

     At first sight, you would think the collection of hundreds of colored shards (碎片) could be a work of
abstract art. But the objects are the contents of the stomach of a sea turtle that lost its battle with plastic
pollution.
     Environmentalists examined the stomach of the turtle found off the coast of Argentina. What they found
is the symptom of the increasing threat to sea turtles from a human addiction to plastic.
     Sea turtles often mistake plastic items for jellyfish or other food. Ingesting (摄取) ocean pollution can
cause a digestive blockage and internal cuts. The result can be dangerous, followed by death.
     Humans produce 260 million tons of plastic a year. When those products are pulled into the sea's currents,
the plastics are just broken into smaller pieces which are consumed by marine life at the bottom of the food
chain. An examination of a green turtle found off Florida discovered that, over the course of a month, the
animal's faeces (粪便) had contained 74 foreign objects, including "four types of balloons, different types of
hard plastic, a piece of carpet-like material and two 2-4 mm tar balls."
     "The oceans have become on giant refuse bin for all manner of plastics. All sea turtle species may be
seriously harmed," according to the biologists Colette Wabnitz, from the University of British Columbia."The
symptom of this growing crisis can be seen inside and on sea turtles as well as their oceanic and terrestrial
habitats. It is urgently necessary to directly confront the source of plastic pollution, redesign packaging and
rethink the very idea of 'throwaway culture'."
      Almost all marine species, from plankton to whales, have ingested plastic. But, even in small quantities,
plastic can kill sea turtles, the biologists said.
     Fifty out of 92 turtles found dead, stranded on the shorelines of Rio Grande do Sul state in Brazil, had
ingested a"considerable amount of man-made debris".

1. What's the passage mainly about?

A. How to prevent the sea turtle from plastic.
B. Why plastic is dangerous to the sea turtle.
C. Sea turtles suffering from plastic pollution.
D. Protecting the sea turtle from being polluted.

2. The author mentions the "throwaway culture" probably in a(n) ______ tone.

A. praising
B. positive
C. comedic
D. ironic

3. The underlined word in the last paragraph probably means _____.

A. a kind of food
B. a kind of fish
C. pieces of rubbish
D. pieces of cloth

4. The paragraph following the last one will probably talk about ______.

A. the way the biologists examined the sea turtle
B. some tips on how to make sea turtles avoid plastic
C. how to prevent plastic pollution
D. the reason why we should protect the sea turtle

     We have met the enemy and he is ours. We bought him at a pet shop. When monkey-pox, a disease usually
found in the African rain forest suddenly turns up in children in the American Midwest. It's hard not to wonder
of the disease that comes from foreign animals is homing in on human beings. "Most of the infections (感染)
we think of as human infections started in other animals." says Stephen Morse, director of the Center for Public
Health Preparedness at Columbia University.
     It's not just that we're going to where the animals are; we're also bringing them closer to us. Popular foreign
pets have brought a whole new disease to this country. A strange illness killed Isaksen's pets and she now thinks
that keeping foreign pets is a bad idea. "I don't think it's fair to have them as pets when we have such a limited
knowledge of them." says Isaksen.
     "Laws allowing these animals to be brought in from deep forest areas without stricter control need changing."
says Peter Schantz. Monkey-pox may be the wake-up call. Researchers believe infected animals may infect their
owners. We know very little about these new diseases. A new bug (病毒) may be kind at first. But it may
develop into something harmful (有害的). Monkey-pox doesn't look a major infectious disease. But it is not
impossible to pass the disease from person to person.

1. We learn from Paragraph l that the pet sold at the shop may _____.

A. come from Columbia
B. prevent us from being infected
C. enjoy being with children
D. suffer from monkey-pox

2. Why did Isaksen advise people not to have foreign pets?

A. They attack human beings.
B. We need to study native animals.
C. They can't live out of the rain forest.
D. We do not know much about them yet.

3. What does she phrase "the wake-up call" in paragraph 3 most probably mean?

A. a new disease
B. a clear warning
C. a dangerous animal
D. a morning call

4. The text suggests that in the future we _____.

A. may have to fight against more new diseases
B. may easily get infected by diseases from dogs
C. should not be allowed to have pets
D. should stop buying pests from Africa

5. The last paragraph means ______.

A. we should have laws to stop having pets at home
B. wild animals shouldn't adopted as pets
C. laws should be passed to avoid pets' diseases spreading
D. people with pets should be stayed at home