A single night of taking the drug Ecstasy (摇头丸) can cause serious brain damage and speed up the start of Parkinson’s disease, scientists say. Just two or three Ecstasy tablets can permanently destroy brain cells that affect movement and reasoning, according to American research that links the drug to Parkinson’s for the first time.

A study by a team at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, involving squirrel monkeys and baboons (狒狒) found that both species suffered permanent damage to key cells, which are lost in Parkinson’s, after receiving three low doses（剂量）of Ecstasy at three-hour periods.

The study is particularly important because baboons are one of the best animal models for the human brain. George Ricaurte, who led the research, said that the widespread abuse of drug might have caused severe damage. “The most troubling result is that young adults using Ecstasy may be increasing their risk of developing Parkinsonism as they get older.”

Alan Leshner, a former director of the US National Institute on Drug Abuse, said, “This study emphasizes the multi-aspect damage that Ecstasy causes to users. We’ve long known that repeated use damages brain cells. But this study shows that even very occasional use can have long-lasting effects on many different brain systems. It sends an important message to young people: don’t experiment with your own brain.”

Janet Betts, a mother whose teenage daughter Leah died after a single Ecstasy tablet in 1995, said, “This comes as no surprise. But people can’t see the effects at first, and they say it won’t happen to them. We’ll see the symptoms later, just as we have with smoking.”

The article is intended to ______.

   A. explain the bad effects of drugs on people’s health

B. warn young people of the risk of taking the drug Ecstasy

   C. persuade people out of such bad habits as smoking and using drugs

D. tell us the links between the drug Ecstasy and Parkinson’s disease

We know from the passage that a low dose of Ecstasy ______.

   A. won’t cause serious brain damage

   B. can permanently destroy one’s brain cells

   C. will result in immediate symptoms

   D. may bring on Parkinson’s at once

Why are squirrel monkeys and baboons involved in the experiments?

   A. Because their brain is similar to human being’s.

   B. Because these animals usually take drugs.

   C. Because these animals will soon get well after the experiment.

   D. Because there is a model in the animals’ brains.

The underlined word “This” in the last paragraph probably means that ______.

   A. Leah died after a single Ecstasy tablet in 1995

B. taking drug has the same symptoms as smoking

C. occasional use of the drug can have long-lasting effects on the brain systems

D. people have long known that repeated use of the drug damages brain cells

The purpose of this book is to help business professionals or students prepare for an assignment in Germany. We surfed the web, looked through the literature and talked to a number of foreign professionals working in Germany. After lots of brainstorming, we developed a list of practical rules to help business professionals negotiate at a business meeting. Our advice is also designed to help you avoid uncomfortable situations and handle predictable and unpredictable situations at all social levels in German business. Correct conduct with German colleagues and customers, how to master negotiations, the correct tone in e-mails and letters and table manners are just some of the topics that can prepare you for a successful trip to Germany.

   This book is divided into three sections. The first section contains ten main behavior tips. The second section will provide you with a few guidelines on applying for a job in Germany, and the last few chapters contain tips on the more confusing aspects of German business culture, such as carrying out negotiations, networking and dealing with conflicts.

   Because these tips can be helpful for both Germans and foreigners, we have written the book in both German and English. As a foreigner, you should take advantage of the dual(双重的) language aspect of the book, and refer to the dictionary to help you understand key terms. Finally, remember that cultural differences might seem difficult at first, but they are also what attract us to foreign cultures and essentially make doing business in foreign countries challenging and interesting.

If you have an argument with a German while doing business and want to solve the problem, which part of the book will you read? ______

A. Section 1.    B. Section 2.       C. Section 3.       D. The introduction.

Who would most likely buy this book?  _______  

A. Foreigners who study Germany.

B. Business professionals working in England.

C. Englishmen who travel in Germany.    

D. Business professionals working in Germany.

Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?    

A. To do business in Germany, correct behaviors with colleagues and customers are very important.

B. To find a job in a German company, you need to understand the German business culture.

C. The book mainly provides guidelines to help you handle only predictable situations.

D. Carrying out negotiations, networking and dealing with conflicts are useful when doing business in Germany.

What do you think makes the author write the book in both German and English?   ______

A. The author wants to help the business professionals or students in Germany.

B. Cultural differences are reflected in language differences.

C. German is so difficult that it may confuse foreigners.    

D. The book is useful for both Germans and foreigners.

From this passage, we can learn that _________.   

A. the author thinks it’s easy to do business with Germans

B. the author puts forward some suggestions in the book

C. this book is good because it applies many theories    

D. this book has predicted all possible situations

书面表达(15%)

某国际性英语刊物有一个介绍各国风俗习惯的专栏，请为该专栏写一篇短文，简单介绍中国的农历新年（春节）。 包括以下要点：

这个重要节日在哪一天(农历 the lunar calendar)

具体活动：新年前的活动；除夕一家人吃团圆饭(have a…feast)；守岁爆竹迎新年(firecrackers爆竹)；大年初一亲朋好友拜年；狮子舞(lion dances)，龙舞(dragon dances)及其他节目是节日不可缺少的活动内容， 要持续15天

要求：1）词数120左右    2)开头部分已写好，只需要接下去写；

3)可适当增加细节，不要逐条翻译，使语言流畅

Festivals and celebrations of all kinds have been held everywhere since ancient times, so has the Chinese Lunar New Year.

He had led everyone to ______ that his family was very rich.

   A. believing     B. believe    C. be believed        D. be believing

It’s said that women are more easily to be __________ by the sales promotions (促销活动) in

 big stores.

A. based on      B. taken advantage of        C. reminded of        D. honored for

The teacher suggested the dictionary ___________ at once.

A. be referred to be bought          B. be referred to being bought

C. referred to be bought            D. referred to being bought

. --- Hi, David, I heard you wen to Paris last week, _________ ?

   ---It was pretty cool when I got there.

A. How do you find it?          B.What if

C. What time is it?              D. What’s the weather like?

JAKARTA, INDONESIA - Walking with long steps and his smile lighting up a rainy afternoon, Barack Obama seems to have arrived to visit a school he attended as a boy. But wait. He's not real Obama. The US president is back in Washington, D. C.

    So who is this guy? He's llham Anas, 34, a magazine photographer who has taken advantage of his perfect resemblance(相像) to Obama and turned it into his own wealth.

    When his sister first mentioned the resemblance, Anas dismissed it. Then a friend asked him to pose as Obama in front of a US flag. He also refused. "I'm a photographer, not an object for the camera," he said.

    However, as soon as he accepted the idea, his career took off. Recently a group of reporters followed him on a tour of the school Obama once attended. Anas sat in the classroom where the present US president once studied. He spoke a few lines in English. The moment he opened his mouth, however, the differences became clear. “Obama is a baritone (男中音) ,” Anas said.  “I'm not. I sound like a little boy.” He is also shorter than the president, but he makes up for that by practicing Obama's actions.    

    He says he has made a request to meet President Obama when he arrives, but he hasn't heard back from the president' s schedules. Now he no longer sees an average guy. Now he sees a superstar.

   Now, Anas hopes that Obama will win a second term in the White House. “The longer he's in office, the longer my fame will last,” he said.

What does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 mean?

A. Anas also thought he looked like Obama.   

B. Anas was satisfied with his sister's comment.

C. Anas didn't think about the resemblance seriously.

D. Anas didn' t understand what his sister talked about.

Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Obama has met Anas once in Indonesia.

B. Anas didn't become rich until he got to know Obama.

C. Obama studied in Indonesia when he was young.

D. Anas is a baritone but he can sound like a little boy.

We can learn from the passage that Anas now ______ .

A. longs for a simple life             B. is proud of his appearance

C. keeps in touch with Obama         D. wants to become a politician

Why does Anas hope Obama will be president in the next term？

A. He is a supporter of Obama.         B. He hopes Obama will see him.

C. He wants to be famous for longer.     D. He thinks Obama is a great politician.

What would be the best title for the passage?

A. An Obama Lookalike Becomes Popular in Asia

B. Obama Visits His Old School in Indonesia   

C. A Man Practices Obama’s Typical Actions

D. Obama’s Face and Smile to Be Seen on TV

At a primary school in a small town in the east of South Carolina, second-grade teachers Garneau and Lynne are convinced that separating elementary-age boys and girls produces immediate academic improvement in both genders（性别）．

    David Chadwell, South Carolina’s expert of single gender education says, “Boys and girls learn, hear and respond to their surroundings differently．We can teach boys and girls based on what we now know．”

    Male and female eyes are not organized in the same way, he explains．The organization of the male eye makes it sensitive to motion and direction．“Boys understand the world as objects moving through space,” he says．

    The male eye is also drawn to cooler colors like silver and black．It’s no accident that boys tend to create pictures of moving objects instead of drawing the happy colorful family, like girls do in their class．

    The female eye, on the other hand, is drawn to warmer colors like red, yellow and orange．To attract girls, Chadwell says, the teacher doesn’t need to move as much as in boy’s class．Using descriptive phrases and lots of colors in presentations or on the blackboard gets their attention．

    Boys and girls also hear differently．“When someone speaks in a loud tone, girls understand it as yelling,” Chadwell says．“They think you’re mad and can shut down．” Girls are more sensitive to sounds．He advises girls’ teachers to watch the tone of their voices．Boys’ teachers should sound more forceful, even excited．

    A boy’s nervous system causes him to be more cautious when he is standing, moving, and the room temperature is around 69 degrees Fahrenheit．Stress in boys, he says, tends to increase blood flow to their brains, a process that helps them stay focused．Girls are more focused when seated in a warmer room around 75 degrees Fahrenheit．Girls also respond to stress differently．When exposed to threat and conflict, blood goes to their guts（肠道）, leaving them feeling nervous or anxious．

    These differences can be applied in the classroom, Chadwell adds．“Single gender programs are about making the best use of the learning．”

What is David Chadwell’s attitude toward separating elementary-age boys and girls while learning?

    A．Supportive   B．Worried  C．Concerned    D．Uninterested

To engage boy in a class, the teacher ______．

    A．must have a moving object in this hand    

    B．needs to wear clothes in warm color

    C．has to speak politely               

    D．had better move constantly while teaching

Which of the following shows the organization of the passage?

（ ??= Paragraph 1  ??= Paragraph 2  ??= Paragraph 3  …．．． ??= Paragraph 8 ）

Which of the following students is most likely to be focused?

    A．A boy sitting in a warm room B．A standing boy who is faced with stress

    C．A girl standing in a cold room   D．A girl who is facing a lot of pressure