Botany, the study of plants, occupies a special position in the history of human knowledge. For many thousands of years it was the one field of awareness about which humans had anything more than the vaguest (含糊的) of insight. It is impossible to know today just what our Stone Age ancestors knew about plants, but from what we can observe of pre-industrial societies that still exist, a detailed learning of plants and their properties must extremely ancient. This is logical. Plants are the basis of the food pyramid for all living things, even for other plants. They have always been enormously important to the welfare of peoples, not only for food, but also for clothing, weapons, tools, eyes, medicines, shelter, and a great many other purposes. Tribes living today in the jungles of the Amazon recognized accurately hundreds of plants and know many properties of each. To them, botany, as such, has no name and is probably not even recognized as a special branch of knowledge at all.

    Unfortunately, the more industrialized we become the farther away we move from direct contact with plants, and the less distinct our knowledge of botany grows. Yet everyone comes unconsciously on an amazing amount of botanical knowledge, and few people will fail to recognize a rose, an apple, or an orchid. When our Neolithic ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer productions the next season, the first great step in a new association of plants and humans was taken. Grains were discovered and from them flowed the wonder of agriculture; cultivated crops. From then on, humans would increasingly take their living from the controlled production of a few plants, rather than getting a little here and a little there from many varieties that grew wild and the built up knowledge of tens of thousands of years of experience and close relationship with plants in the wild would begin fade away.

 51. Which of the following statements about early humans is expressed in the passage?

A. They probably had extensive knowledge of plants.    

B. They thought there was no need to cultivate crops.     

C. They did not enjoy the study of botany.      

D. They placed great importance on the ownership of property.

 52. What does the comment “This is logical.” In the first paragraph mean?

A. There is no clear way to determine the extent of our ancestor’s knowledge of plants.           

B. It is not surprising that early humans had a detailed knowledge of plants.

  C. It is reasonable to assume that our ancestors behaved very much like people in pre-industrial societies.       

D. Human knowledge of plants is well organized and very detailed.

 53. According to the passage, why has general knowledge of botany begun to fade?

     A. People no longer value plants as a useful resource.        

B. Botany is not recognized as a special branch of science.

     C. Research is unable to keep up with the increasing numbers of plants.

D. Direct contact with a variety of plants has decreased.

 54. In the second paragraph, what is the author’s purpose in mentioning “ a rose, an apple, or an orchid”?

     A. To make the passage more poetic.

     B. To give an example of plant that are attractive.

     C. To give botanical examples that all readers will recognize.

     D. To explain the variety of botanical life.

 55. According to the passage, what was the first great step toward the practice of agriculture?

     A. The invention of agricultural tools and machinery.       

B. The development of a system of names for plants.

     C. The discovery of grasses that could be harvested and replanted.         

D. The changing diets of early humans.  

 I had forgotten the date of that important battle so I _____ a history book.

       A. brought up B. referred to  C. looked at         D. looked up

The new manager is intelligent and hard-working, and___________, he is very charming.

   A. instead                               B. therefore

   C. however                              D. moreover

Dancing is an activity______ sight matters more than hearing.

       A. what                 B. that                   C. where               D. which

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36-55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Learning to Accept

I learned how to accept life as it is from my father.  36 , he did not teach me acceptance when he was strong and healthy, but rather when he was  37  and ill.

My father was  38  a strong man who loved being active, but a terrible illness  39  all that away. Now he can no longer walk, and he must sit quietly in a chair all day. Even talking is  40 . One night, I went to visit him with my sisters. We started  41  about life, and I told them about one of my  42 . I said that we must very often give things up  43  we grow --- our youth, our beauty, our friends --- but it always  44  that after we give something up, we gain something new in its place. Then suddenly my father  45  up. He said, “But, Peter, I gave up  46 ! What did I gain?” I thought and thought, but I couldn’t think of anything to say.  47 , he answered his own question: “I  48  the love of my family,” I looked at my sisters and saw tears in their eyes, along with hope and thankfulness.

I was also  49  by his words. After that, when I began to feel irritated (愤怒的) at someone, I  50  remember his words and become  51 . If he could replace his great pain with a feeling of love for others, then I should be  52  to give up my small irritations. In this  53 , I learned the power of acceptance from my father.

Sometimes I  54  what other things I could have learned from him if I had listened more carefully when I was a boy. For now, though, I am grateful for this one  55 .

A. Afterwards      B. Therefore   C. However    D. Meanwhile

A. tired         B. weak       C. poor       D. slow

A. already        B. still         C. only        D. once

A. took         B. threw      C. sent        D. put

A. impossible      B. difficult     C. stressful     D. Hopeless

A. worrying     B. caring     C. talking      D. asking

A. decisions     B. experiences C. ambitions   D. beliefs

A. as            B. since       C. before     D. till

A. suggests       B. promises    C. seems      D. requires

A. spoke        B. turned     C. summed     D. opened

A. something     B. anything     C. nothing      D. everything

A. Surprisingly  B. ImmediatelyC. Naturally   D. Certainly

A. had               B. accepted     C. gained     D. enjoyed

A. touched     B. astonished  C. attracted     D. warned

A. should       B. could      C. would     D. might

A. quiet         B. calm       C. Relaxed      D. happy

A. ready         B. likely      C. free        D. able

A. case           B. form       C. method      D. way

A. doubt        B. wonder      C. know      D. guess

A. award        B. gift         C. lesson       D. word

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is one of the most diverse nations in the whole of Europe. This article will show you how to adapt to the varied culture of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

  Get used to small spaces. The United States is not only a huge country but also has big cars ,houses and spaces.     Houses, apartments , cars and appliances are all smaller than what you are accustomed to, so you have to get used to smaller things.

  Be polite .Always apologize for running into someone, even if it is their fault, as it makes you out to be a kind person. Respect people ‘s personal space and always wait in line.

  Accept jokes.     Bantering and taking the mickey are all ways to describe making fun of someone but this isn’t necessarily a bad thing. Teasing someone is a common way to show friendship .As one Briton put it,“ You never make fun of someone you don’t like.

  Get used to the driving. The British drive on the left side of the road .     Also the cars in the UK have the steering wheel(方向盘)on the right side, so you need get used to this as well. Be especially careful with your turns and remember that right turns in the UK cross opposite traffic in the same way that left turns do in the Us and other countries that drive on the right.

     The British use different words and pronounce words differently .Look

around on the Internet or buy books about words and expressions used in Britain.

  There’s more to the UK than London. London is an excellent city and the most popular in the Untied Kingdom.      And the green countryside is a defining feature of the UK , which is something that should be explored.

Get used to the lifestyle

Get used to the language

Different regions have their own traditions and even languages.

Be sure that you do so, or the result could be terrible

However ,the UK does not have the luxury of space

But there are many other cities filled with culture and wonder.

One of the most confusing aspects of British culture is humor

___book I read yesterday is so interesting that I want to read it___ second time.

The recommendation he gave me is that I ____ more traveling to open my eyes.

A. will do     B. could do    C. should do         D. must do

.The UK________four contries, including Great Britain,Wales,Scotland and Northern Ireland

A is consisted of        B consists of        C makes up       D is made of

 Though he is ____ resigning, ___he still has _________ the company.

             A. bent in; but ; a place in   B. bent on; / ; a place in

             C. bent to; / ; the place on   D. bent on; but ; a place in