In the country the price of vegetables________ sharply in a short time, which arises panic among some customers.

   A. has lifted on       B. have raised to   C. has risen by    D. has got into

After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced _____ cars in 2002 as the year before.

   A. as many twice                         B. as twice many   

   C. twice many as                         D. twice as many

A super drug that could remove Alzheimer’s (老年痴呆症)，heart disease and diabetes (糖尿病) and help people live to 100 is being developed by scientists. Their research is based on the identification of three genes that help prolong lives and prevent diseases which occur in old age. Medically controlling the proteins made by the “ longevity genes” will allow millions to live longer, predicts Dr Nir Barzilai.

  Those whose DNA strongly features the three genes are 80 percent less likely to develop Alzheimer’s. The genes also fight against the deadly impact of smoking, poor diet, obesity and lack of exercise.

  Already, several laboratories are working on a pill to imitate the benefits of the genes and Dr Barzilai thinks it could be tested within three years. The pill could remove some diseases that damage old age. “ The advantage of finding a gene that involves longevity is that we can develop a drug that will imitate exactly what this gene is doing,” he said.

  Of the three longevity genes, two genes increase the production of so-called good cholesterol(胆固醇), which reduces the risk of heart disease. The third prevents diabetes. They were discovered by Dr Barzilai’s team while studying the DNA of 500 Ashkenazi Jews with an average age of 100. The chances of living that long are one in 10,000 but the group, which shared relatively few common ancestors, was 20 times more likely to hit the entury. Dr Barzilai said: “ 30 percent of them were obese or overweight and 30 percent smoked two acks of cigarettes a day for more than 40 years, however they can live to 100.”

  But Andrew Ketteringham of the Alzheimer’s Society said: “Alzheimer’s disease, a most common disease, is likely to be caused by a combination of genetic disosition(遗传倾向), lifestyles and life events. Many genes are probably involved.

Some people are able to live to 100 years because of ______.

   A. a magical medicine  B. three special genes    C. good living habits     D. longevity proteins

Why does the discovery of the longevity genes mean a lot?

   A. Because it can bring great benefits to scientific labs.              

B. Because it can help people change their unhealthy genes

   C. Because it helps produce a drug that can make people live longer.  

D. Because it will help scientists build up a new branch of biology.

From Paragraph 4 we can infer that ________.

   A. longevity genes can create good cholesterol.                   

B. the volunteers share some common ancestors

   C. bad habits are likely to have no effect on the volunteers           

D. longevity genes protect the volunteers against bad habits

What is Andrew Ketteringham’s attitude toward the study?

   A. Positive    B. Negative         C. Critical                 D. Cautious

Ⅲ 写作(共两节,满分40分)

第一节 基础写作(共1小题，满分15分)

[写作内容]

请根据以下的表格内容和写作要求，使用5个规范的英语句子描述全部所给的信息内容。

[写作要求]

只能使用5个句子表达全部的内容；

将5个句子组织成连贯的短文；

可适当增加情节，使表达连贯。

[评分标准]    句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。

Ford found a way to mass produce the motor car cheaply, ________ it possible for many more people to own one.

A. made          B. to make       C. making       D. make

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从34-48题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

She watched her little girl at play through her window. Memories   34    back to her childhood.

She remembered that when she was a little girl, her mother would kiss her face every night when she was about to go to bed with her toys.   35    , she left home when   36    to college. Then she got married. Her work and family   37   her from visiting her mum, who is now living alone.

Thinking of this, she realized that she hadn’t   38   her mum for a long time. So she   39  

the phone.

“Dear, I miss you,” there came her mum’s   40   . “Someone said that I should give you a

  41  before you left home, but I didn’t. I want to kiss you now, but I can’t do it through a phone.”

“You kissed me every night when I was   42   ,” she said in a low voice.

“You’re right, honey. Those days were so nice. But I feel   43    now when looking through your bedroom window.”

Tears rolled down her cheeks. Not knowing how to comfort her, she hung up   44   .

She picked up her pen and wrote a letter to her mum.

Dear Mum,

Thank you for what you’ve done for me. There’s no greater love than yours. Mum, you may not know how many times I saw you watch me play. The   45    that you looked through is the same one that God looked in. He saw you by my bed each night when you’d tenderly tuck me in (把被子盖好). But since I was   46   at that time, I didn’t know how great this love was. It is not until I have my own   47   to tuck in, to watch through the window   48   I understand your love for me. We are the same now. So Mum, please don’t feel lonely; you know I’ll always be there.

Susan Sontag (1933 — 2004) was one of the most noticeable figures in the world of literature. For more than 40 years she made it morally necessary to know everything — to read every book worth reading, to see every movie worth seeing. When she was still in her early 30s, publishing essays in such important magazines as Partisan Review, she appeared as the symbol of American culture life, trying hard to follow every new development in literature, film and art. With great effort and serious judgment, Sontag walked at the latest edges of world culture.

Seriousness was one of Sontag’s lifelong watchwords (格言), but at a time when the barriers between the well-educated and the poorly-educated were obvious, she argued for a true openness to the pleasure of pop culture. In Notes Camp, the 1964 essay that first made her name, she explained what was then a little-known set of difficult understandings, through which she could not have been more famous. Notes on Camp, she wrote, represents “a victory of ‘form’ over ‘content’, ‘beauty’ over ‘morals’”.

By conviction she was a sensualist (感觉论者), but by nature she was a moralist, and in the works she published in the 1970s and 1980s, it was the latter side of her that came forward. In Illness as Metaphor —published in 1978, after she suffered cancer—she argued against the idea that cancer was somehow a special problem of repressed(被压抑的) personalities, a concept that effectively blamed the victim for the disease. In fact, re-examining old positions was her lifelong habit.

In America, her story of a 19th century Polish actress who set up a perfect society in California, won the National Book Award in 2000．But it was as a tireless, all-purpose cultural view that she made her lasting fame.

“Sometimes,” she once said, “I feel that, in the end, all I am really defending …is the idea of seriousness, of true seriousness.” And in the end, she made us take it seriously too.

51. The underlined sentence in paragraph 1 means Sontag ______.

A. was a symbol of American cultural life               

B. developed world literature, film and art 

C. published many essays about world culture   

D. kept pace with the newest development of world culture

52. She first won her name through _______.

A. her story of a Polish actress                        

B. her book Illness as Metaphor 

C. her explanation of a set of difficult understandings

D. publishing essays in magazines like Partisan Review 

53. From the works Susan published in the 1970s and 1980s, we can learn that _______.

A. She was more a moralist than a sensualist

B. She was more a sensualist than a moralist

C. She believed repressed personalities mainly led to illness

D. She would like to re-examine old positions

54. According to the passage, Susan Sontag would agree to the ideas except _______.

A. We should try hard to follow every new development in literature, film and art.

       B. Cancer can be defeated because it is a special problem of repressed personalities.

       C. “Form” should be over “content”, “beauty” should be over “morals”.

       D. We should defend the idea of seriousness, of true seriousness.

55. What is the passage mainly about?

   A. A lifelong watchword: seriousness.

   B. How Susan Sontag became famous.

   C. Susan Sontag is the symbol of American culture.

   D. An introduction to Susan Sontag and her watchword.

完形填空（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意；然后从21-30各题所给的A、B、C和D选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

One factor that can influence consumers is their mood(情绪) state. Mood may be described ____21____ a temporary and mild positive or negative feeling that is generalized and not tied to any particular circumstance. Moods should be ____22____ from feelings which are usually much more stronger ____23____ to specific circumstances, and often conscious. In one sense, the effect of a consumer’s mood can be thought of in ____24____ the same way as our reactions to the ____25____ of our friends — when our friends are happy and “up”, that tends to influence us positively, but when they are “down”, that can have a negative impact on us. ____26____, consumers operating under a given mood state tend to react to stimuli(刺激因素) in a direction consistent with that mood state. Thus, for example, we should expect to see consumers in a positive mood state evaluate products in more of a ____27____ manner than they would when not in such a state. Moreover, mood states appear able to enhance(增强) a consumer’s memory.

Moods appear to be readily influenced by marketing ____28____. For example, the rhythm(节奏), pitch, and volume of music has been shown to influence behavior such as ____29____ of time spent in supermarkets or intention to purchase products. In addition, advertising can influence consumer’s moods which, in ____30____, are more likely to influence consumers’ reactions to products.

21. A. as           B. about           C. by                 D. with

22. A. developed   B. discouraged                  C. divided     D. distinguished

23. A. related           B. referred              C. attached                   D. associated

24. A. nearly            B. much             C. even                D. still

25. A. signal             B. gesture            C. view                D. behavior

26. A. Similarly          B. However                C. Therefore          D. Besides

27. A. casual            B. confident                C. serious             D. favorable

28. A. tendency          B. techniques      C. temperature       D. operation

29. A. degree            B. amount                 C. number             D. range

30. A. turn              B. total                      C. detail                D. depth

As is known to us all, failure usually_____laziness while diligence can______success.

A．results from; lie in B．results in; result from  C．leads to; lie in  D．results from; result in

Nowadays people are troubled by the violence that spreads throughout the media. Movies, television and video games are full of gunplay and bloodshed, and one might reasonably ask what’s wrong with a society that presents videos of violence as entertainment.

Viewing large amounts of violent television and video games may well contribute to violent behavior in certain individuals. The trouble comes when researchers downplay uncertainties in their studies or overstate the case for causality（因果关系）. Skeptics were dismayed several years ago when a group of societies including the American Medical Association tried to end the debate by issuing a joint statement: “At this time, well over 1,000 studies… point to a causal connection between media violence and aggressive behavior in some children.”

Freedom-of-speech advocates accused the societies of catering to politicians, and even disputed the number of studies (most were review articles and essays, they said). When Jonathan Freedman, a social psychologist at the University of Toronto, reviewed the literature, he found only 200 or so studies of television-watching and aggression. And when he weeded out “the most doubtful measures of aggression”, only 28% supported a connection.

The critical point here is causality. The alarmists say they have proved that violent media cause aggression. But the assumptions behind their observations need to be examined. When labeling games as violent or non-violent, should a hero eating a ghost really be counted as a violent event? And when experimenters record the time it takes game players to read “aggressive” or “non-aggressive” words from a list, can we be sure what they are actually measuring? The intention of the new Harvard Center on Media and Child Health to collect and standardize studies of media violence in order to compare their methodologies, assumptions and conclusions is an important step in the right direction.

Another appropriate step would be to tone down the criticism until we know more. Several researchers write, speak and testify quite a lot on the threat posed by violence in the media. That is, of course, their privilege. But when doing so, they often come out with statements that the matter has now been settled, drawing criticism from colleagues. In response, the alarmists accuse critics and news reporters of being deceived by the entertainment industry. Such clashes help neither science nor society.

46. Why is there so much violence shown in movies, TV and video games?

A. Showing violence is thought to be entertaining.

B. Something has gone wrong with today’s society

C. Many people are fond of gunplay and bloodshed.

D. There is a lot of violence in the real world today.

47. What is the skeptics’ view of media violence?

A. Violence on television is fairly accurate reflection of real-world life.

B. Most studies exaggerate (夸大) the effect of media violence on the viewers.

C. A causal relationship exists between media and real-world violence.

D. The influence of media violence on children has been underestimated.

48. The author uses the term “alarmists” to refer to those who _________.

A. use standardized measurements in the studies of media violence

B. initiated the debate over the influence of violent media on reality

C. insist on a direct link between violent media and aggressive behavior

D. use appropriate methodology in examining aggressive behavior

49. The underlined phrase “weeded out” in Paragraph 3 most probably means _________.

   A. got rid of things that are not good     B. removed unwanted parts from something

   C. picked out things that are useful            D. took away unnecessary details of a report

50. What does the writer think of the debate concerning the relationship between the media and violence?

A. He more than agrees with the views held by the alarmists. 

B. It should come to an end since the matter has now been settled.

C. The past studies in this field have proved to be misleading.

D. More studies should be conducted before conclusions are drawn.