Nowadays, it is possible to travel to distant parts of the globe in several hours. This can result in the traveler ending up in a part of the world where time is different from his or her own “body clock” ,which control our sleep patterns.

If we travel east or west by more than four time zones (hours) then we will usually be affected.

In the past when people traveled by sea, there was enough time for the body to adjust to the local time, but with the advent of modern high speed aircraft the body does not have time to adjust. Therefore, there is the term “jet lag(时差反应)”. It normally takes one day per time zone (hour) for the body to adjust to its new surroundings.

The effects of jet lag are usually tiredness and insomnia (失眠) but can also include: poor concentration, nausea (恶心) ,vomiting (呕吐), constipation (便秘) and general malaise (不舒服). The effects are made worse by alcohol.

Sleeping while flying may help to reduce the symptoms (症状) of jet lag, but long periods of immobility aboard aircraft can make the traveler feel numb(麻木的) in the legs. The following are some other tips of reducing the symptoms of jet lag:

①Avoid traveling when you are already tired and rest before departure.

②Stopovers on long flights may be helpful.

③A relaxed flight is important.

④Sleeping tablets will help you to sleep and be correspondingly alert (相对警惕的) during the next day, but they do not speed up adjustment to the new time zone.

⑤Remember the actual traveling time will usually be at least twice the actual time spent in the air since it will include traveling to and from and hanging around in airports.

⑥Avoid heavy commitments on the first day after arrival.

72. The following are the effects of jet lag EXCEPT _____.

        A. tiredness          B. coughing           C. insomnia           D. vomiting

73. The word “immobility” in the fifth paragraph means “_____”.

        A. stillness           B. movement         C. activity             D. happiness

74. We can reduce the symptoms of jet lag by _____.

        A. drinking some alcohol           B. keeping ourselves awake

        C. taking some medicine            D. sleeping while flying

75. What is the main purpose of the passage?

        A. To suggest people travel by sea instead of by air.        

B. To tell people the effects of jet lag.

        C. To give people some advice about reducing the symptoms of jet lag.

        D. To tell people about their body clock.

— He seems to be lost in thought. Why?

— Because the film _____his memories of his childhood.

A. calls up                        B. picks up            C. brings up           D. takes up

开放作文

In the English class, your English teacher shows you a picture. Please tell us how you understand this picture.

◆200 dead as Brazilian plane crashes in Sao Paulo

Up to 200 people were dead after a passenger plane with 176 people aboard slid off the runway on landing and hit a fuel storage tank at Sao Paulo's Congonhas airport on Tuesday.

Brazilian airline TAM said that 170 passengers and 6 crew were aboard the Airbus A320 flying from Porto Alegre in southern Brazil to Sao Paulo when it lost control on landing and slid off the wet runway.

Brazilian news agency Folha reported up to 200 people were dead, including some victims on the ground.

◆_______________________________________

Two people were killed Saturday in two separate plane crashes in the United States, media reports said.

In Dayton, Ohio, a plane crashed on a runway of the Dayton International Airport while performing during the Vectren Dayton Air Show. The pilot, Jim LeRoy, was taken to Miami Valley Hospital and was announced dead. The air show was canceled .

Also on the same day, two single-engine war planes at an experimental air show collided(相撞) in Wisconsin while landing, killing one of the pilots and injuring the other.

◆All 114 aboard Kenya plane killed  

A Kenya Airways plane that crashed after takeoff in Cameroon with 114 people on board is largely submerged (淹没) in a swamp(沼泽地) and there is no chance of survivors, Cameroon 's civil protection service said on Monday  

The Boeing 737-800 had taken off from Douala and its wreckag (残骸)was found just 12 miles from the town. The plane fell head first. But the cause of the crash remained unclear.

Among the passengers were Associated Press reporter Anthony Mitchella and an executive from the South African cell phone giant MTN. Five Chinese passengers were also killed in the crash .

The Brazilian plane crash caused extra deaths mainly because______

A .it skidded off the wet runway.   B. the runway. was very short

C. it hit a fuel storage tank        D. its pilot was inexperienced

The proper title for News 2 would be _________.

A. Two pilots killed in plane crashes in US    B. The tragedies of the air show

C. Who is to blame for the plane crashes?     D. Big losses can result from small things

Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE as for the Kenya plane crash?

A. The plane crashed after the plane took off.

B. The cause of the crash was under examination

C. 114 passengers on board were killed including an African

D. The place where the plane crashed led to many more deaths

The Brazilian plane crash killed about _____people in all on the ground.

A. 170    B. 30    C. 24      D. 6

It can be inferred from the three news that_________

A. when the Airbus A320 landed, it was likely to be raining heavily

B. during the Vectren Dayton Air Show , the pilot, Jim LeRoy died on the scene

C. The place where the Boeing 737-800 crashed was just 12 miles from the town

D. Five Chinese passengers were victims of the Kenya plane crash

An Earthship is a home that is built of materials such as old tires and aluminum cans. It is the idea of a man named Michael Reynolds. Many Earthships are more or less self-sufficient because they provide their own heat, air and water. They often have gardens watered and fed by waste water. They are comfortable and ecologically friendly.

The main material used in building Earthships is tires. Tires are plentiful and

can't be recycled like paper, plastic, and metal.  While building supplies for most houses can be very expensive, old used tires are free.

First, the tires are packed tightly with dirt. Each full tire weighs as much as

400 pounds. The tires are then stacked like bricks. The walls are extremely strong. They also help keep an even temperature in the house (between 60 and 70 degrees) without heating and cooling systems.?

The walls inside the Earthship are made of aluminum cans that are held together by cement. Then they are coated with adobe or stucco.?

The roofs of Earthships are sloped so that rain and snow run into large tanks. These tanks hold all the water for the house, and pumps push the water through the pipes. Sometimes, water flows in certain areas of the house as waterfalls! Water that has been used is pumped out into the gardens where owners grow much of their own food.?

In most of these houses, the southern side has huge windows that take in winter sunlight as a source of heat. Summer sun does not come in through the south windows, so it doesn't get too hot in the summer. The house also has solar panels that gather energy for lights and hot water and cooking. The Earthships have all the comforts of a regular house without the high cost of electric bills!?

In a time when we are running out of energy resources, pollution is bad, and waste is piling up, Earthships are the best places to live in. For people who truly care about the environment,Earthships provide a great alternative to traditional houses. You won't be giving up any comforts, and the styles are attractive. We all hope that more and more people will build Earthships and take a huge step toward helping the environment and saving our planet.?

What is the main idea of this passage??

A. Earthships are a good way to live and protect the environment.?

B. Tanks hold water collected from rain and snow.?

C. It's important to grow your own food in a vegetable garden.?

D. People who live in Earthships usually live in the desert.?

Which of the following is NOT explained in the passage??

A. How an Earthship is built.?

B. What an Earthship is mainly made of.?

C. Why the Earthship is so called.?

D. How an Earthship is heated in winter.?

Which evidence best supports the idea that Earthships are environmentally friendly??

A. They were invented by Michael Reynolds.?

B. Water that has been used is pumped out into the garden.?

C. They are comfortable and ecologically friendly.?

D. The tires are packed tightly with dirt.?

It can be inferred from the passage that ________.?

A. a large population are already living in Earthships?      

B. the idea of Earthships will attract the attention of governments?

C. the materials for the Earthships will be harmful to the dwellers(居住者)?

D.the northern side of the Earthship has no window?

Do you blank out or feel so nervous in exams that you have trouble writing answers to questions that you knew just last night? If so, you likely have a case of test anxiety.

But, don't be afraid. By recognizing the problem, you are taking the first step towards overcoming it.

Believe it or not, a touch of nervousness can sharpen your mind, allowing you to perform more quickly. This is because under stress, the body releases (释放) the hormone adrenaline (肾上腺素), which prepares it for something important that will happen. However, too much anxiety can result in sleeplessness, loss of appetite（胃口）before tests, and poor performance. Some people might feel hot and tired. With great anger they often shout or complain for no reason.

If you worry a lot or are a perfectionist, you are more likely to have trouble with test anxiety. Those who have prepared poorly for a test or have had negative experiences taking tests may also experience test anxiety.

When you feel a storm of anxiety coming on, stop what you're doing and make your mind a blank. If possible, actually tell yourself to 'STOP!' This will get your mind off the stress.

Then think www..comof being at a place of comfort and let your body relax. As you continue the test, find questions you know the answers to and answer them first. This will help restore your confidence.  

Important of all, talk to yourself using positive language. Make it a habit to replace each negative thought with a logical reason. For example: "I've studied hard and I know the material, so I'm ready to do the best I can."

Another thing you can do is to learn to accept mistakes. In fact, they can be valuable learning opportunities.

Last but not least, start test preparation early - three to five days ahead of the quiz or test. After all, good study habits and skills - for example, time management and note-taking - will give you the feeling that you are in control.

The best title of the passage is probably______

   A. How to beat test anxiety.

   B. What is test anxiety.

   C. The effects of test anxiety.

   D. Experience test anxiety will help you.

Those ______ more easily suffer from test anxiety.

   A. who are not well prepared for a test.

B. who wants everything to be perfect and highest.

   C. who have experiences of failure in exams.

D. who do poorly in their study.

The author mentions _____pieces of suggestions about how to get over test anxiety.

   A.3     B.4     C.5     D.6

What can we infer from the passage？

   A. Mistakes sometime can be valuable and helpful.

   B. Those who have prepared poorly for a test cause test anxiety easily.

C. Full test preparations will give you the feeling that you are in control.

D. A touch of anxiety can have a positive effect.

The underlined word “hot” in Paragraph3 means        .

A．disappointed    B．angry   C．active    D．running a high body temperature

No poem should ever be discussed or “analyzed”, until it has been read aloud by someone, teacher or student. Better still, perhaps, is the practice of reading it twice, once at the beginning of the discussion and once at the end, so the sound of the poem is the last thing one hears of it.

All discussions of poetry are, in fact, preparations for reading it aloud, and the reading of the poem is, finally, the most telling “interpretation” of it, suggesting tone, rhythm, and meaning all at once. Hearing a poet read the work in his or her own voice, on records or on film, is obviously a special reward. But even those aids to teaching can not replace the student and teacher reading it or, best of all, reciting it.

I have come to think, in fact, that time spent reading a poem aloud is much more important than “analyzing” it, if there isn’t time for both. I think one of our goals as teachers of English is to have students love poetry. Poetry is “ a criticism of life”, and “ a heightening(提升) of life”. It is “an approach to the truth of feeling”, and it “can save your life”. It also deserves a place in the teaching of language and literature more central than it presently occupies.

I am not saying that every English teacher must teach poetry. Those who don’t like it should not be forced to put that dislike on anyone else. But those who do teach poetry must keep in mind a few things about its essential nature, about its sound as well as its sense, and they must make room in the classroom for hearing poetry as well as thinking about it.

To have a better understanding of a poem, one should________.

A. discuss it with others           B. analyze it by oneself

C. copy it down in a notebook      D. practise reading it aloud

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a function of poetry?

A. Extending your life              B. Saving your life

C. Criticizing life                  D. Heightening life

According to the writer, one of the purposes of teaching English is to get students________.  

A. to understand life.               B. to enjoy poetry.

C. to become teachers.              D. to become poets

What does the last sentence in the third paragraph imply?

A. More stress should be laid on the teaching of poetry.

B. Poetry is more important than any other subject.

C. One cannot enjoy life fully without an understanding of poetry

D. Poetry is the foundation of all language and literature courses

The phrase “make room” in the last paragraph could be best replaced by

A. “build a booth”                      B. “provide equipment”

C. “leave a certain amount of time”        D. “set aside enough space”

It is _____ privileges to make a speech here and out of _______ respect I’d like to introduce my advisor first.

A. a; a                   B. a; /                   C. /; a                   D. the; a

Moses Mendelssohn, the grandfather of the well-known German composer(作曲家), was far from being handsome. Along with a rather short stature(身材), he had a hunchback(驼背) .

One day he visited a merchant in Hamburg who had a lovely daughter named Frumtje. Moses fell hopelessly in love with her. But Moses was refused by his ugly appearance

When it was time for him to leave, Moses picked up his courage and climbed the stairs to

her room to take one last chance to speak with her. She was a heavenly beauty, but caused him deep sadness by her refusal to look at him. After several attempts at conversation, Moses shyly asked, “Do you believe marriages are made in heaven？”

“Yes, ”She answered, still looking at the floor. “And do you？”

“Yes I do, ”He replied. “You see, in heaven at the birth of each boy, the God announces which

girl he will marry. When I was born, my future bride(新娘) was pointed out to me. Then the God added, ‘But your wife will be humpbacked. ’”“Right then and there I called out, ‘Oh God, a humpbacked woman would be a tragedy(不幸). Please, God, give me the hump and let her be beautiful. ’”

Then Frumtje looked up into his eyes and was stirred by some deep memory. She reached out and gave Mendelssohn her hand and later became his devoted wife.

At first Moses was refused by Frumtje because_______.

A. he had a bad intention

B. he was not handsome and humpbacked

C. he had no courage to express himself

D. he was a hopeless man

Frumtje accepted Moses’ request in the end because of_______.

A. Moses’ good heart and honesty

B. Moses’ sweet words and devotion

C. Moses’ tricks and lies

D. Moses’ wealth and humor.

Which of the following word can replace the underlined word “stirred” in the last paragraph ?

A. mixed   B. moved   C. caused   D. surprised

The writer of the passage intends to try to tell us _______.

A. how to run after e a girl      B. a marriage in heaven

C. a moving love story         D. What true love is.

Ways to Burn More Calories

Run through water

Running in water is one of the toughest activities you can perform because the wet stuff is about 12 to 15 times as resistant (具有阻力的) as air. Try your hardest to run and you can burn about 17 calories per minute.

Start fast

Don’t be fooled — slow and steady won’t win the race. A recent study found that after a short warm-up, cyclists who rode hard during the first half of their workouts and then slowed for the second half burned about 10 percent more calories than those who started slow and finished fast.

Take to the sand

Here is some easy-to-remember advice on burning calories: the softer the surface, the more you burn. By walking or running on the beach, you can use up 20 to 50 percent more calories than you do going at the same pace on a hard trail.

Shut up and dance

Here’s the perfect excuse to sign up for that hip-hop dance class you’ve been eager to try. Surprising your body with new activities — dance, a new sport, you name it — forces it to work harder because it’s doing unfamiliar movements and using muscle groups in different ways.

Use your arms

Getting both your upper and lower body involved can provide a big calorie-burning advantage. So if you’re short of time or want to get everything you can out of your usual 45-minute workout, try total-body activities such as rowing ormming. You can evenng your arms as hard as you can while you walk.

How can water help you burn more calories?

A. By pushing your body.

B. By wetting your clothes and shoes.

C. By forcing you to run faster.

D. By forcing your body to work harder.

What does “it” in Part 4 refer to?

A. Dance.   B. Movement.   C. Body.   D. Muscle.

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. One can burn more calories when walking on the sand than on land.

B. One can burn more calories when walking on stones than on earth.

C. One can burn more calories when running in water than on the sand.

D. One can burn more calories when exercising using the upper body than using the lower body.