Rumor (谣言) is the most primitive(原始的) way of spreading stories--- by passing them on from mouth to mouth, but civilized countries in normal times have better sources  of news than rumor. They have radio, television, and newspapers. In times of confusion ( 混乱 ), however, rumor appears and becomes widespread. At such times the different kinds of news are in competition: the press, television, and radio against the grapevine.

   Especially do rumors spread when war requires control on many important matters. The normal news sources no longer give out enough information. Since the people can not learn through legal channels all that they are anxious to learn, they pick up "news" wherever they can and when this happens, rumor grows.

   Rumors are often repeated even by those who do not believe the tales. There is an interest about them. The reason is that the cleverly designed rumor gives expression to something deep in the hearts of the victims -- the fears, doubts, forbidden hopes, or daydreams which they hesitate to voice directly. Pessimistic(悲观的)rumors about defeat and disasters show that the people who repeat them are worried and anxious. Optimistic rumors about record production or peace soon come point to self- satisfaction or confidence--and often to over-confidence.

The author suggests that, in times of confusion, man often_______.

   A. stops regular news services                      B. turns to primitive ways for support

   C. distrusts his fellow man                  D. loses complete control of himself

The underlined word "grapevine" in Paragraph 1 probably means “_______”.

   A. rumor               B. newspaper             C. information            D. time

The author, states that during wartime the regular sources of news provide only _______.

   A. false information           B. optimistic reports    

C. limited information D. pessimistic reports   

Which of the following statements is mentioned as a reason for people to repeat a rumor?

   A. They are too willing to believe.                          

   B. They take an interest in rumor.

   C. They have a strong desire to make a fool of other people.       

D. They find some rumors reflect their own unexpressed beliefs.

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你的同桌写的以下作文。文中有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下写出应该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Jennifer considers me like a friend to talk, laugh, and do things with her. She believes that I am a friend she can depend in time of need. I was watering the flowers in the garden this morning when she drops in, telling me that she needed my help because I was in low spirits. When asking what made her so unhappy, Jennifer told me her friend Tina was reading her diary the other days when she entered the classroom. She was too angry at the time that she shouted at her, which, of course, ended their friend. Having heard what she said, I said, "We shall never have friends unless we expect to find them without faults."

Mary is the only one of the students in our class who ____ to the Great Wall so far.

   A. is                      B. has been          C. are                         D. had been

当前社会上流行种菜、偷菜网络游戏，人们对这一现象褒贬不一，请你根据以下要点用英语写一篇短文，并发表自己的看法。

The teacher would rather the boy ________ what she demands ________ him to set the bird ________ free .

A. to do ; of ; caught alive                  B. did ; from ; being caught living

C. had done ; for ; caught lovely          D. did ; of ; caught alive

— Would you please give an example to show how useful a computer is?

   — Sure. __________ people get __________ information from it every day.

Up till now, more than 120 world-famous enterprises ______ companies in Tianjin Binhai New Area.

A. have established   B. established  C. will establish  D. have been established

Russia lies______ the north of China.

A. on            B. to              C. in              D. off

The words “timetable” and “schedule” make most final year students want to eat their own vomit(呕吐物). Unfortunately, the harsh reality is that final year students must develop a timetable. If you don’t have a schedule or plan for studying, you will have no way of allocating your valuable time when the unexpected arises. A well-thought-out timetable can be a lifesaver. It is up to you to learn how to develop a schedule that meets your needs .Change it if necessary, but most important, follow it. All timetables should be made with the idea that they can be changed. A good one will keep you from wandering off course.

       A good timetable should make every hour count—every class, social event and other activity you engage in .You must focus on the other “free time” available and how you will use it. Make a weekly schedule and divided each day into one-hour increments. Indicate times for classes, socializing, and work time. Also block off a period for sleeping every day. In the precious hours left over, plan time for study. This gives you a rough road map of the time available. Of course, you can change your schedule as circumstances need.

       The timetable you develop should guide you in how to distribute the available time in the most productive manner. Sticking to your schedule can be tough, but don’t dribble away valuable time. Avoiding study is the easiest thing in the world. It is up to you to follow the schedule you’ve prepared. A good deal of your success in high school and with any future study depends on this simple truth.

       Remember, there is a learning curve. You learn the most in the first 30 minutes of study; after that, it progressively deteriorates（减弱）. After four or five hours of studying the same material in the same way, you are learning virtually nothing. The solution is to keep switching subjects and study styles.

What is the best title of the passage?

       A．Advantages of starting a timetable  B．Keep to it, and you will succeed

       C．Make a schedule, and follow it      D．Learn to love your timetable

What does Paragraph 2 talk about?

       A．Tips for making a schedule.            B．Significance of a scientific timetable.

       C．Requirements for making a timetable.    D．Importance of following one’s schedule.

The following are characteristics of a good timetable EXCEPT that     .

       A．it can be changed            B．it is flexible

       C．it is of many periods           D．it can save our time

From this passage, we can learn if we wish to achieve high learning efficiency, we’d better     .

       A．shift subjects and use different methods regularly

       B．devote to the same material continuously

       C．turn to teachers for help if necessary

       D．have a break every thirty minutes

Against the assumption that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia warm the climate, scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.

       This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest fires to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions. Usually large fires destroyed forests in these areas over the past decade. Scientists predict that with climate warming, fires may occur more frequently over next several centuries as a result of a longer fire season. Sunlight taken in by the earth tends to cause warming, while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling.

       This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate. Earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat.

       Scientists found that right after the fire, large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming. Ozone（臭氧）levels increased, and ash from the fire fell on far-off sea ice, darkening the surface and causing more radiation from the sun to be taken in. The following spring, however, the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire, because fewer trees covered the ground. Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space, leading to cooling.

       “We need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.” Scientists tracked the change in amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire, and found a measurement closely related to the global air temperature. Typically, fire in northern regions occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years. Scientists, however, found that when fire occurs more frequently, more radiation is lost from the earth and cooling results. Specifically, they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicated, 0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases, but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space. The net effect is cooling. Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth.

According to the new findings, taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may _______.

   A. result in a warming climate     B. cause the forest fires to occur more frequently

   C. lead to a longer fire season     D. protect the forests and the environment there

Earlier studies about northern forest fires ________.

   A. analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate

   B. indicate that forest fires will pollute the atmosphere

   C. suggest that people should take measures to protect environment

   D. suggest that the fires will speed up climate warming

The underlined phrase “soaked up” in the last paragraph most probably means ________.

       A. released     B. absorbed    C. created       D. disturbed

From the text we can draw a conclusion that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia may ______.

       A. warm the climate as the assumption goes

       B. allow more snow to reflect more sunlight into space and thus cool the climate

       C. destroy large areas of forests and pollute the far-off sea ice

       D. help to gain more energy rather than release more energy