Are you sometimes a little tired and sleepy in the early afternoon? Many people feel this way after lunch. They may think that eating lunch is the cause of the sleepiness. Or, in summer, they may think it is the heat. However, the real reason lies inside their bodies. At that time – about eight hours after you wake up – your body temperature goes down. This is what makes you slow down and feel sleepy. Scientists have tested sleep habits in experiments where there was no night or day. The people in these experiments almost always followed a similar sleeping pattern. They slept for one long period and then for one short period about eight hours later.

In many parts of the world, people take naps(小睡) in the middle of the day. This is especially true in warmer climates(气候), where the heat makes work difficult in the early afternoon. Researchers are now saying that naps are good for everyone in any climate. A daily nap gives one a more rested body and mind and therefore is good for health in general. In countries where naps are traditional (传统的), people often suffer less from problem such as heart disease.

Many working people, unfortunately, have no time to take naps. Though doctors may advise taking naps, employers do not allow it! If you do have the chance, however, here are a few tips about making the most of your nap. Remember that the best time to take a nap is about eight hours after you get up. A short sleep too late in the day may only make you feel more tired and sleepy afterward. This can also happen if you sleep for too long. If you do not have enough time, try a short nap – even ten minutes of sleep can be helpful.

Why do people feel sleepy in the early afternoon according to the text?

   A. They eat too much for lunch.

   B. They sleep too little at night.

   C. Their body temperature becomes lower.

   D. The weather becomes a lot warmer.

If you get up at 6:30 am, what is the best time for you to take a nao?

   A. About 12:30 pm.                         B. About 1:30 pm.

   C. About 2:30 pm                           D. About 3:30 pm

What would be the best title for the text?

   A. Just for a Rest

   B. All for a Nap

   C. A Special Sleep Pattern.

   D. Taking Naps in Warmer Climate.

Stricter Traffic Law Can Prevent Accidents

  From the health point of view we are living in a marvelous（不平凡的）age. We are immunized from birth against many of the most dangerous diseases. A large number of once fatal illnesses can now be cured by modern drugs and surgery. It is almost certain that one day remedies will be found for the most stubborn remaining diseases. The expectation of life has increased enormously. But though the possibility of living a long and happy life is greater than ever before, every day we witness the incredible slaughter of men, women and children on the roads. Man versus the motor-car ! It is a never-ending battle which man is losing. Thousands of people the world over are killed or horribly killed each year and we are quietly sitting back and letting it happen.

  It has been rightly said that when a man is sitting behind a steering wheel, his car becomes the extension of his personality. There is no doubt that the motor-car often brings out a man’s very worst qualities. People who are normally quiet and pleasant may become unrecognizable when they are behind a steering-wheel. They swear, they are ill-mannered and aggressive, willful as two-years-olds and utterly selfish. All their hidden frustrations, disappointments and jealousies seem to be brought to the surface by the act of driving.

  The surprising thing is that society smiles so benignly on the motorist and seems to condone his behaviour. Everything is done for his convenience. Cities are allowed to become almost uninhabitable because of heavy tragic; towns are made ugly by huge car parks; the countryside is desecrated by road networks; and the mass annual slaughter becomes nothing more than a statistic, to be conveniently forgotten.

  It is high time a world code were created to reduce this senseless waste of human life. With regard to driving, the laws of some countries are notoriously lax and even the strictest are not strict enough. A code which was universally accepted could only have a dramatically beneficial effect on the accident rate. Here are a few examples of some the things that might be done. The driving test should be standardized and made far more difficult than it is; all the drivers should be made to take a test every three years or so; the age at which young people are allowed to drive any vehicle should be raised to at least 21; all vehicles should be put through stringent annual tests for safety. Even the smallest amount of alcohol in the blood can impair a person’s driving ability. Present drinking and driving laws (where they exist) should be mad much stricter. Maximum and minimum speed limits should be imposed on all roads. Governments should lay down safety specifications for manufacturers, as has been done in the USA. All advertising stressing power and performance should be banned. These measures may sound inordinately harsh. But surely nothing should be considered as to severe if tit results in reducing the annual toll of human life. After all, the world is for human beings, not motor-cars.

The main idea of this passage is

A Traffic accidents are mainly caused by motorists.

B Thousands of people the world over are killed each year.

C The laws of some countries about driving are too lax.

D Only stricter traffic laws can prevent accidents.

What does the author think of society toward motorists?

A Society smiles on the motorists.   B Huge car parks are built in the cities and towns.

C Victims of accidents are nothing.  D Society condones their rude driving.

Why does the author say:’ his car becomes the extension of his personality?’

A Driving can show his real self.      B Driving can show the other part of his personality.

C Driving can bring out his character.  D His car embodies his temper.

Which of the followings is NOT mentioned as a way against traffic accidents?

A Build more highways.       B Stricter driving tests.

C Test drivers every three years. D raise age limit and lay down safety specifications.

The attitude of the author is

A ironical        B critical        C appealing     D militant

Maggie was very glad that James was not a frequent visitor to the house. So far as the children were concerned, they had a mystery about him that stirred their imagination. He stirred Maggie’s anger, however, so that she often said to her husband, “It’s mercy that brother of yours doesn’t come oftener.”

In fact James came once a year, unexpectedly, around eight o’clock in the evening, and he stayed for six hours of close discussion with his brother. His arrival was a signal to the children that their bedtime would be delayed. Not that he ever spoke to them or played with them. He took no notice of them, as if he was unable to see children, at least until the time came for him to go. Instead, after his first greeting and a careless kiss, James took no notice of Maggie either, except to add, “You’ll be getting on with the supper, Maggie.” Such was his regard for her.

Maggie paid him back in her own way. She kept the children up, the four of them, to keep her company, she said, but of course they sang and made a noise and broke the endless sound of James’s voice. Very late, they dropped off to sleep in their chairs. Then, when James was about to go, Maggie woke them up and so more or less forced him to part with four shillings before he left. That gave her some satisfaction, for James, though rich, was mean. He always went home by the last train, just after two o’clock.

Maggie’s children secretly stared at their uncle. They could not forget that he had, in their mother’s words, “lost two wives and taken a third, ” They wondered about those two unfortunate lost ladies. They asked each other what their fate had been, and if neither could ever be found again. James never brought his third wife with him nor ever mentioned her. The children decided that he must be so frightened of losing her that he never allowed her outside the door.

The underlined word “mercy” in the text most probably means _______.

A. loss      B. wonder

C. lucky thing D. terrible thing

Maggie never prepared anything special for James because _______.

A. he was a man difficult to please

B. she never knew when he was coming

C. she was too busy looking after her children

D. he never stayed long enough for a meal

What do we know about James’ behavior?

A. He was a kind man, with love for the family.

B. He was generous, especially towards his brother.

C. He was anxious to please the family, especially the kids.

D. He was rude to his sister-in-law.

Maggie felt pleased when _______.

A. she paid James the money that she owed him

B. James gave some money to the children

C. she had to wake James up to catch his train

D. James thanked her for the nice supper

The children did not realize that two of James’ wives _______.

A. had been dead    B. suffered from loss of memory

C. had run away from him    D. might appear again one day

A computer virus is a program or piece of code that is loaded onto your computer without your knowledge and runs against your wishes. All computer viruses are manmade. Here are some virus prevention tips.

Do not open any files attached to an e-mail from an unknown, suspicious or untrustworthy source.

Do not open any files attached to an e-mail unless you know what it is, even if it appears to come from a dear friend or someone you know. Some viruses can replicate（复制） themselves and spread through e-mail. Better be safe that sorry and confirm that they really sent it .

Do not open any files attached to an e-mail if the subject line is questionable or unexpected. If the need to do so is there always save the file to your hard drive before doing so.

Delete chain e-mails and junk e-mail. Do not forward（转寄） or reply to any of them. These types of e-mail are considered spam（垃圾邮件）, which contains lots of annoying advertisements and useless information.

Do not download any files from strangers.

Be careful when downloading files from the Internet. Ensure that the source is a legitimate（合法的）and reputable one. Verify（证实）that an anti-virus program checks the files on the download site. If you are uncertain, don’t download the file at all or download the file to a floppy（软盘）and test it with your own anti-virus software.

Update your anti-virus software regularly. Over 500 viruses are discovered each month, so you’ll want to be protected. These updates should be at least the products virus signature files. You may also need to update the product’s scanning engine as well.

   Back up（备份） your files on a regular basis. If a virus destroys your files, at least you can replace them with your backup copy. You should store your backup copy in a separate location from your work files, one that is preferably not on your computer.

This passage mainly tells us              .

A. What a computer virus is

B. how to use e-mail safely

C. how to use computers safely

D. how to prevent computer viruses

Which of the following statements about computer virus is TRUE?

A. A computer virus is a kind of worm

B. Not all computer viruses are manmade

C. Computer viruses run according to our wishes

D. A computer virus is a program or piece of code.

When we use e-mail, we should                .

A. open all the files we receive

B. open any file even if we don’t know what it is

C. not open any files if the subject line is questionable

D. forward or reply to junk e-mail.

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. We’d better not down load any files from strangers.

B. We’d better download files from a legitimate and reputable source.

C. We should update our anti-virus software regularly.

D. We should store our backup copy in the same location as our work files.

America is growing older. Fifty years ago, only 4 out of every 100 people in the United States were 65 or older. Today, 10 out of every 100 Americans are over 65. The aging of the population will affect American society in many　ways — edu??cation, medicine, and business. Quietly, the aging of America has made us a very different society — one in which people have a quite different idea of what kind of behavior is suitable at various ages.

A person’s age no longer tells you anything about his/ her social position, marriage or health. There’s no longer a particular year in which one goes to school or goes to work or gets married or starts a family. The social clock that kept us on time and told us when to go to school, get a job, or stop work??ing isn’t as strong as it used to be. It doesn’t surprise us to hear of a 29-year-old university president or a 35-year-old grandmother, or a 70-year-old man who has become a father for the first time. Public ideas are changing.

Many people say, “I am much younger than my mother or my father was at my age.” No one says “Act your age” any more. We’ve stopped looking with surprise at older people who act in youthful ways.

It can be learned from the text that the aging of the popula??tion in America ________.

A. has made people feel younger

       B. has changed people’s social position

C. has changed people’s understanding of age

D. has slowed down the country’s social development

The underlined word “one” refers to ________.

A. a society           B. America          C. a place           D. population

“Act your age” means people should ________.

A. be active when they are old

B. do the right thing at the right age

C. show respect to their parents young or old

D. take more physical exercises suitable to their age

f a’ 25-year-old man becomes general manager of a big firm, the writer of the text would most probably consider it _________.

A. normal      B. wonderful         C. unbelievable     D. unreasonable

Brian Walker chews pens. He bites them so hard that his boss has warned him to stop or buy his own. Kate’s weakness is more acceptable-she is unable to walk past a cake shop without overeating Sophin Cartier finds her cigarette habit a headache, while Alice’s thumb-sucking drives her boy friend crazy. Four people with very different habits, but they all share a common problem anxiety disorder or, in serious cases. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder  (OCD).

From nail-biting to too much hand-washing, overeating and internet addiction（上瘾）,OCD is widespread in almost every workplace and countless home. “It is a relatively common form of anxiety,” says Dr. Mootee. “The main feature of OCD is the repetition of unwanted obsessive（过度的） thoughts such as worries that doors are left unlocked , gas or electrical appliances are left on.” In order to fight against the an esasy checking door locks and gas or electrical appliances.

 Dr. Mootee says that repetitive washing, particularly of the hands, is the most common type of OCD. She has treated many patients who wash their hands up to 30 times a day. The technique Mootee uses to treat people with OCD is called cognitive-behavioral therapy（认知行为疗法）.“It is based on the general idea that people have the ability to change the way they think and behave,” says Mootee.

But when does a habit become a problem? “It’s personal,” says Mootee.“Everyone has something unusual, but if you can’t put up with it, then it’s a problem and you need to do something to change it.”Mootee says many people resist for treatment because they fear they are “crazy”. But as people become more knowledgeable about these problems they will go and get help. The only way to cure is to conquer

If a person suffers from OCD, be is likely to keep doing any of the following EXCEPT   .

  A.chewing pens           B.hurting himself

C.sucking fingers          D.biting nails

According to the passage, a person suffering from OCD    .

A.reduces his/her anxiety by taking drugs

B.gets into unwanted habits to relieve stress

C.has unwanted thoughts about habits

D.has unwanted thoughts because of illness

Dr. Mootee’s treating lechnique is based ont eh idea that    .

    A.everyone has something different

B.people can put up with their problems

C.people can change their way of thinking and action

D.people tend to repeat their obsessive actions

By saying “The only way to cure is to conquer.” Dr. Mootee suggests that an OCD sufferer   .

    A.has to be an extraordinary person

B.must cure his illness by himself

C.must overcome many physical illnesses

D.should have a right attitude towards the problem

The largest earthquake ( magnitude里氏 9.5) of the 20th century happened on May 22, 1960 off the coast of South Central Chile.

    It generated(生成) one of the most destructive Pacific-wide tsunamis(海啸). Near the generating area, both the earthquake and the tsunami were very much destructive, particularly in the coastal area from Concepcion to the south end of Isla（岛） Chiloe. The largest tsunami damage occurred at Isla Chiloe---the coastal area closest to the epicenter(震中). Huge tsunami waves measuring as high as 25 meters arrived within 10 to 15 minutes after the earthquake, killing at least two hundred people, sinking all the boats, and flooding half a kilometer inland.

    There was large damage and loss of life at Concepcion, Chile's top industrial city. Near the city of Valdivia, the earthquake and following aftershocks generated landslides which killed 18 people. At the port city of Valparaiso, a city of 200,000, many buildings collapsed. A total of 130,000 houses were destroyed --- one in every three in the earthquake zone and nearly 2,000,000 people were left homeless.

Total damage losses, including to agriculture and to industry, were estimated(估计) to be over a half billion dollars . The total number of death related with both the tsunami and the earthquake was never found accurately for the region. Estimates of deaths reached between 490 to 5,7002 with no distinction(差别) as to how many deaths were caused by the earthquake and how many were caused by the tsunami. However, it is believed that most of the deaths in Chile were caused by the tsunami.                                                                                       

Where did the largest tsunami damage occurred?

   A. Concepcion      B. Isla Chiloe       C. Valdivia      D. Valparaiso

What can we learn about the tsunami waves generated by the earthquake?

   A. The tsunami waves as high as 25 meters arrived immediately after the earthquake.

   B. The tsunami waves killed 200 people and sank all boats.

   C. The tsunami waves were very destructive.

   D. The tsunami waves flooded half of the inland.

What is generally thought the main cause of deaths in Chile?

   A. landslides      B. the tsunami      C. aftershocks      D. the magnitude 9.5 earthquake

What is the total number of deaths in the earthquake?

   A. 2,000,000      B. between 490 to 57，002     

   C. 200,000        D. it was hard to know.

What does the underlined word “collapsed” probably mean ?

   A. was destroyed     B.. caught fire      C. was flooded       D. sank

I feel very excited at the thought that in another week I shall be with you again on holiday. I have enjoyed my stay in England very much indeed. Mr Brown and classmates are nice to me, but, as they say in England, “There’s no place like home.” and I think you feel this above all at Christmas time.

I am leaving here early on Thursday, the 23rd, and I shall arrive in Basle on Friday morning, so I shall be home somewhere about lunchtime. Can you meet me at the station, as I shall have a lot of luggage?

In some of my earlier letters I have told you all about the other students here. Well, I want to ask my Polish friend Jan to come and spend Christmas with us. Will that be all right? His father and mother died last year, he can go home for Christmas, and he has no friend in England except the Browns. He is a nice boy. I know you all like him, and I feel sure he will enjoy Christmas with us. It is very short notice, but you are always pleased, I know, if we bring our friends home. however, I have not yet invited him, as I thought it was better to ask you first. Please let me know as soon as possible if it will be all right.

The writer was very excited at the thought that ________.

A. she would be back home with her new friend

B. she would be with her parents in another week

C. her parents wanted to see her very much

D. she would go on staying in England

She wanted some one to meet her because ________.

A. she was told to do so                          B. she would be tired out after the trip

C. she would carry a pile of things            D. she didn’t know where the station was

The underlined sentence “There’s no place like home” means ________.

A. There is not a place that the writer likes     

B. There is no place that the writer can live in

C. The writer’s home is not in London in fact   

D. East and west, home is best

These paragraphs are taken out of a ________.

A. magazine              B. letter                  C. book                  D. newspaper

In this experiment, the famous professor showed three different____ to the study of physics．

         A．means       B．methods    C．ways          D．approaches

When I come across a good article in reading newspapers. I often want to cut and keep it. But just as I am about to do so I find the article on the ___1___ side is as much interesting. It may be a discussion of the way to ___2___ in good health, or a ___3___ about how to behave and conduct oneself in society. If I cut the front article, the opposite one is likely to ___4___ damage, leaving out half of it or keeping the text ___5___ the title. Therefore, the scissors would ___6___ before they start, ___7___ halfway done when I find out the ___8___ result.

Sometimes two things are to be done at the same time, both worth you ___9___. You can only take up one of them, the other has to wait or be ___10___ up. But you know the future is unpredictable(不可预料) — the changed situation may not allow you to do what is left ___11___. Thus you are ___12___ in a difficult position and feel sad. How ___13___ that nice chances and brilliant ideas should gather around all at once? It may happen that your life ___14___ greatly on you preference of one choice to the other.

In fact that is what ___15___ is like, we are often ___16___ with the two opposite sides of a thing which are both desirable like a newspaper cutting. It often occurs that our attention is drawn to one thing only ___17___ we get into another. The ___18___ may be more important than the latter and give rise to a divided mind. I ___19___ remember a philosopher’s remarks, “When one door shuts, another opens in life.” So a casual(不经意) ___20___ may not be a bad one.

1. A. front      B. same   C. either  D. opposite

2. A. get  B. keep   C. lead    D. bring

3. A. advice    B. news   C. theory D. report

4. A. suffer     B. reduce C. prevent      D. cause

5. A. on   B. for      C. without      D. off

6. A. use  B. handle C. prepare      D. stay

7. A. or   B. but     C. so       D. for

8. A. satisfying       B. regretful     C. surprising   D. impossible

9. A. courage  B. strength      C. attention     D. patience

10. A. given    B. held    C. made  D. picked

11. A. near      B. alone  C. about  D. behind

12. A. filled    B. attracted     C. caught D. struck

13. A. dares    B. comes C. deals   D. does

14. A. improves     B. changes      C. progresses  D. goes

15. A. study    B. society       C. nature D. life

16. A. faced    B. supplied     C. connected   D. fixed

17. A. before  B. after   C. until   D. as

18. A. following     B. next    C. above  D. former

19. A. still      B. also    C. once   D. almost

20. A. treatment     B. action C. choice D. remark