The marine environment is fascinating to study and work in due to its beauty, richness, and complexity. It covers three quarters of the surface of the Earth, yet we know more detail about the surface of Mars.

In the past, it was seen as both an inexhaustible resource and a bottomless sink for our wastes. Yet the increasing pressures of overpopulation, pollution and the threat to our natural environment mean that there is an increasing need for scientists who can understand how it all works, how it affects us, and how we are affecting it from global warming through to the smallest plankton.

From local issues to global concerns, we now know that the marine environment is inextricably linked to our lives, and to our future survival. It is an area where much remains to be discovered, and where only a multidisciplinary approach can cover the breadth of issues to be confronted. This is the approach taken on our Marine Environmental Science degree course.

This course takes a multi-disciplinary approach to explore and understand the marine environment. After an initial grounding in basic science, optional choices are available in specialist topics such as marine ecosystems and pollution, coastal navigation and oceanography, among others.

Our new harbor side marine laboratory is used for some of the specialist lectures, laboratory and project work, while a week's residential field course in the Isle of Man provides training to prepare for the research project conducted in your final year. There is an optional trip to Belize in the final year to study tropical marine environments.

From the passage, we can infer that ______.

A. people waste a lot of resource

B. marine environment covers 3/4 of the surface of Mars

C. marine environment is beautiful for its sufficient resources

D. the Earth is similar to Mars

The present environment of the Earth forces the experts and scholars to study ______.

A. the relationship between people’s actions and natural environment

B. the relationship between people’s actions and pollution

C. the relationship between people’s actions and overpopulation

D. the relationship between people’s actions and plankton

According to the passage, a multi-disciplinary approach is effective because _______.

A. we can choose some issues as optionally as we can

B. we have practiced the approach for a long time

C. the approach is linked to our future survival

D. the approach covers a lot of problems we will meet

We can divide the lectures of the course into ______ parts.

A.1       B. 2       C. 3       D. 4

If a student choose marine Environmental Science degree course, he must ______.

A. make lectures about the issues to be confronted

B. provide training to get ready to do research project

C. take several days residential field in the Isle

travel to Belize to study tropical marine environments

Answers:

此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个勾(√)；如有错误（每行只有一个错误），则按下列情况改正：该行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。

   该行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^)，在该行右边的横线上写出该加的词。

   该行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。

   One day, I was cooking in the kitchen as the                     _______

telephone rings. I went to answer it immediately.                     _______

She was my close friend, Lisa. When we were talking              _______

on a phone, the fire alarm sounded. I ran back to the                 _______

kitchen. The room full of smoke and the beef was badly            ______

burnt. I quickly turned off the gas, opening all the         _______

windows, and then went out of the house. In my                     _______

surprise, two fire engines were outside my house. I                 ______

was rather worried and told about the firemen that it         ______

was my careless cooking which caused the heavy smoke.    ______

________ of my sisters are experts in agriculture. Helping the farmers improve their

   farming techniques _________their duty.

A. Each; are          B. Both; is             C. Neither; are                     D. None; is

I hate _______ when people talk with their mouths full.

       A. it                     B. that                  C. these                D. them

________, his suggestion was taken by all the people at the meeting.

Mary is so wet. She _______ in the rain.

A. must be caught            B. must have been caught

C. should have been caught    D. can have been caught

 The teacher stressed again that the students should not ______ any important details while retelling the story.

   A. bring out            B. let out                     C. leave out                  D. make out

第四部分：阅读理解 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

   Too much TV-watching can harm children’s ability to learn and even reduce their chances of getting a college degree, new studies suggest in the latest effort to examine the effects of television on children.

   One of the studies looked at nearly 400 northern California third-graders. Those with TVs in their bedrooms scored about eight points lower on math and language arts tests than children without bedrooms TVs.

   A second study, looking at nearly 1,000 grown-ups in New Zealand, found lower education levels among 26-year-olds who had watched lots of TV during childhood. But the results don’t prove that TV is the cause and don’t rule out that already poorly motivated youngsters(年轻人)may watch lots of TV.

   Their study measured the TV habits of 26-year-olds between ages 5 and 15. Those with college degrees had watched an average of  less than two hours of TV per weeknight during childhood, compared with an average of more than 2?? hours for those who had no education beyond high school.

   In the California study, children with TVs in their rooms but no computer at home scored the lowest, while those with no bedroom TV but who had home computers scored the highest.

   While this study does not prove that bedroom TV sets caused the lower scores, it adds to accumulating findings that children shouldn’t have TVs in their bedrooms.

56. According to the California study, the low-scoring group might ______.

       A. have watched a lot of TV

       B. not be interested in math

       C. be unable to go to college

       D. have had computers in their bedrooms

57.What is the researchers’ understanding of the New Zealand study results?

       A. Poorly motivated 26-year-olds watch more TV.

       B. Habits of TV watching reduce learning interest.

       C. TV watching leads to lower education levels of the 15-year-olds.

       D. The connection between TV and education levels is difficult to explain.

58. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?

       A. More time should be spent on computers.

       B. Children should be forbidden from watching TV.

       C. TV sets shouldn’t be allowed in children’s bedrooms.

       D. Further studies on high-achieving students should be done.

59. What would be the best title for this text?

       A. Computers or Television

       B. Effects of Television on Children

       C. Studies on TV and College Education

       D. Television and Children’s Learning Habits

The idea for a science experiment can come from an unusual place. After watching a YouTube video of a dancing bird named Snowball, a scientist in Californina decided to study the ability of animals to keep the beat.

Bird lovers have long claimed that their pets have rhyhm, and there are many videos of dancing birds online. Until now, scientists have suspected that humans are the only animals that can accurately keep rhythm with music.

Thanks to Snowball, that scientific opinion is changing. Snowball is a cockatoo, a kind of parrot, and his favorite song is “Everybody” by the Backstreet Boys. When he hears the song, he moves his feet and rocks his body with the tempo, or pace of the music, as though he is the only bird member of the boy band.

Aniruddh Patel is a neuroscientist, or a scientist who studies how the brain and the nervous system contribute to learning, seeing and other mental abilities. He works at the Neurosciences Instiute in San Diego. After seeing Snowbaill’s dance online, Patel visited the cockatoo at the bird rescue facility he’s called home for two years. The scientist played “Everybody” for Snowball and also played versions of the song that were sped up or slowed down. Sometimes, Snowball danced too fast or too slowly. Often, when there was a change in tempo, Snowball adjusted his dancing to match the rhythm. In other experiments, scientists have observed the same abilities in preschool children.

Patel isn’t the only scientist who has studied Snowball’s moves. Adena Schachner, who studies psychology at Harvard University, also wanted to know more about the dancing bird. Schachner’s team played different musical pieces for Snowball and a parrot named Alex, as well as eight human volunteers. The scientists observed that the birds and the humans kept time to the music with about the same accuracy.

Schachner and her team watched thousands of YouTube videos of different animals moving to music. Not all the animals could dance, however. From watching the videos, the scientists observed that only animals that imitate sounds, including 14 parrot species and Asian elephants, accurately moved in time to music.

63.The underlined words “that scientific opinion” in the third paragraph refers to the theory that            .

A.birds like Snowball have the ability to keep the beat

B.humans are the only animals that can accurately keep rhythm with music

C.the brain and the nervous system contribute to some mental abilities

D.bird pets can have their special rhythm under human’s instruction

64.From the fourth paragraph we may know that         .

A.Patel is the only scientist who has studied Snowball’s moves.

B.Snowball is able to adjust his dandcing to match the rhythm.

C.Snowball cannot dance to the versions of the song Everybody.

D.it is the brain and the nervous system that control the mental abilities.

65.The idea of studying animals’ ability to keep the beat comes from       .

A.bird lovers’ discovery               B.humans musical sense

C.the same abilities in children            D.videos of dancing birds

66.According to the scientists, Snowball’s ability to dance to music is probably related to the fact that          .

A.it is the only bird member of thd Backstreet Boys band

B.it has the ability to imitate sounds

C.it is a kind of dancing parrot

D.it has the same abilities as preschool children

I’m a skeptic(怀疑论者) when it comes to the benefits of taking vitamins and other supplements. We swallow far more than any other country- yet we’re not the healthiest folks by far, nor do we live the longest.

There’s more bad news for vitamins this week: Turns out that takig folic acid(叶酸) and vitamin B12 supplements doesn’t prevent heart attacks or death, according to a major new study in the Journal of the American Medical Association. It was hoped they would, since the vitamins do reduce levels of homocysteine(高半胱氨酸), an amino acid(氨基酸) that is higher in the blood of people who have a higher risk of heart disease. In fact, homocysteine was reduced 30 percent after one year of treatment in the participants who took both vitamins. But in the following three years, just as many vitamin takers died as those who didn’t take the vitamins. Even worse, the study was stopped early because another similar study suggested that there may be an increased risk of cancer from taking B vitamins.

I had been taking a health-food store monster multivitamin(综合维生素剂) for months. Coincidentally, I had been experiencing some strange numbness in my legs that was starting to scare me. I remember sitting in a long meeting with my ankles crossed, and when I tried to stand up I crumpled on the floor and hit my chin on the glass coffee table because my leg had gone completely numb and worthless. As I sat there and shook my leg, I got that “pins and needles” feeling and soon was OK. But it scared me enough to make an appointment with a neurologist, who suggested an MRI to rule out multiple sclerosis, stroke, or a brain tumor(肿).

While I’ll never know for sure if the vitamins caused my problem, many, many studies have reminded us that pill forms of vitamins and minerals don’t provide the same benefit as getting them from food. There’s a lot we don’t know about how the human body works. Until we know more, I’m getting most of my vitamins from the farmer’s market.

49. What can we know from the last paragraph?

  A. The writer is getting most of pill forms of vitamins from the markets.

  B. The writer continues to take vitamins in great quantities.

  C. The writer is getting vitamins from food, which can provide more benefits.

  D. The writer will never take pill forms of vitamins and minerals.

50. Why do people take folic acid and vitamin B12 supplements?

They want to stop heart

 attacks or live longer.

  B. They want to live longer.

  C. They want to increase risk of cancer.

  D. They want to experience some strange numbness.

51. Which of the following is not true according to the passage?

  A. It was the multivitamin he took that caused the writer to get the “pins and needles” feeling.

  B. Taking more vitamins will not make a man healthier or live longer.

  C. The vitamins can reduce levels of homocysteine in our body.

  D. The less homocysteine in our blood, the less chance we’ll have heart attacks.

52. The best title of the passage can be _________.

  A. Vitamins: Benefit Us a Lot               B. Vitamins: No Help for Your Heart

  C. Vitamins: Bad for the Brain, Too           D. Some Bad News About Vitamins.