Like all animal species, plant species must spread their offspring to suitable areas where they can grow and pass on their parents’ genes. Young animals generally spread by walking or flying. Because plants don’t have that ability, they must somehow hitchhike(搭车). Some plant seeds scatter by blowing in the wind or floating on water. Many other plant species, though, trick an animal into carrying their seeds. How do they do this? They enclose the seeds within a tasty fruit and advertise the fruit’s ripeness by its colour or smell. The hungry animal collects and swallows the fruit, walks or flies off, and later spits out the seeds somewhere far from its parent tree. Seeds can thereby be carried for thousands of miles. It may surprise you to learn that plant seeds can resist digestion. In fact, some seeds actually require passage through an animal’s body before they can grow.

Wild strawberries offer a good example of hitchhiking tactics. When strawberry seeds are still young and not yet ready to be planted, the surrounding fruit is green, sour and hard. When the seeds finally mature, the berries turn red, sweet, and tender. The change in the berries’ colour serves as a signal to birds which then eat the strawberries, fly off, and eventually spit out the seeds.

Naturally, strawberry plants didn’t set out with a conscious intention of attracting birds only when their seeds were ready to be dispersed. Nor did birds set out with the intent of planting strawberries. Rather, strawberry plants evolved through natural selection. The sweeter and redder the final strawberry, the more birds spread its ripe seeds; the greener and more sour the young strawberry, the fewer birds destroyed the seeds by eating berries before the seeds were ready.

46．What does the underlined word “dispersed” in the third paragraph mean?

    A．spread                                B．eaten        

C．born                                  D．planted

47．For plants, which of the following is NOT a way of spreading their offspring to suitable areas?

    A．Hitchhiking.                           B．Blowing in the wind.  

C．Floating on water.                      D．Tracking an animal.

48．Which strategy does the example of wild strawberries describe?

    A．The conscious intent of attracting birds.     B．Spreading by walking.

   C．Spreading by flying.                    D．The strategy of taking a lift.

49．Why does the author describe how strawberry seeds are spread?

    A．To show plants are good at adapting to the environment. .

    B．To show strawberry’s special way.

    C．To show the plant has different ways of spreading seeds.

    D．To show the mystery of plant.

50．What’s the passage mainly about?

    A．How animals disperse offspring.           B．How plants disperse their offspring.

    C．Plant evolution.                        D．Plants’ hitchhiking on animals.

It is said that he____ the diamond ring.

   A. accused of stealing        B. was accused to steal 

 C. was accused of stealing    D. accused to steal

 The River Nile _______ flood large areas, but now the water of it _______ produce electricity.

  A. used to, is used to    B. used to, used to   C. is used to, is used to   D. is used, to used to

 Wait for a few minutes, your watch____ now.

A. will be repaired     B. has been repaired    C. is being repaired    D. has repaired

Large companies need a way to reach the savings of the public at large. The same problem, on a small scale, faces practically every company trying to develop new products and create new jobs. There can be little prospect of raising the sort of sums needed from friends and people we know, and while banks may agree to provide short-term finance, they are generally unwilling to provide money on the permanent basis for long-term projects. So companies turn to the public, inviting people to lend them money, or take a share in the business through the Stock Exchange. By doing so, they can put the saving of individuals and institutions into circulation both at home and overseas.

When the saver needs his money back, he does not have to go to the company with whom he originally placed it. Instead, he sells his shares through a stockbroker（股票经纪人） to some other saver who is seeking to invest his money.

Many of the services needed both by industry and by each of us are provided by the government or by local authorities. Without hospitals, roads, electricity, telephones, railways, this country could not function. All these require continuous spending on new equipment and new development if they are to serve us properly, requiring more money than is raised through taxes alone. The government, local authorities, and nationalized industries therefore frequently need to borrow money to finance major capital spending, and they, too, come to the Stock Exchange.

There is hardly a man or woman in this country whose standard of living does not depend on the ability of his or her employers to raise money to finance new development. In one way or another, the new money must come from the savings of the country. The Stock Exchange exists to provide a channel through which these savings can reach those who need finance.

51. Almost all companies involved in new production and development most        .

A. rely on their own resources

B. persuade the banks to provide long-term finance

C. borrow large sums of money from friends and people they know

D. depend on the population as a whole for finance

52. The money which enables these companies to go ahead with their projects is        .

A. repaid to its original owners as soon as possible

B. raised by selling of shares in the companies

C. exchanged for the ownership in the Stock Exchange

D. invested in different companies in the Stock Exchange

53. When the savers want their money back they should          .

A. ask another company to obtain their money for them

B. look for other people to borrow money from

C. put their shares in the company back on the market

D. transfer their money to a more successful company

54. All the essential services on which we depend are         .

A. run by the government or our local authorities

B. in constant need of financial support

C. financed wholly by raising taxes

D. unable to provide for the needs of the population

55. The Stock Exchange makes it possible for the government, local authorities and nationalized industries         .

A.    to borrow as much money as they wish

B.    to make certain everybody saves money

C.    to raise money to finance new development

D.    to make certain everybody lends money to them.

In the face of _____ failure, it is vital that we should keep up _____ good state of mind．

       A．a; /    B．/; a    C．the; / D．/; the

There’s ____ water on the playground, so we won’t have the P.E. class there.

       A. too many   B. many too    C. too much    D. much too

China won Olympic gold in the women's short track 3,000 metres relay on Wednesday, with Canada ____ the silver．

       A．picking up      B．taking up        C．looking up          D．bringing up

____ a strong and fair climate agreement at the key UN summit in Copenhagen, 50,000 people in London wore blue and went to the streets．

       A．Call for    B．Calling for       C．To call for       D．Called for

They asked the government to make ______clear to the public ______ they did was right.

A. it; that what                B. it; that                C. that; what             D. this; that