The more television that a three-year-old watches, the more likely he or she is to behave aggressively, according to a U.S. study.

Just having the TV on in the background, even if the child wasn’t watching it, was also linked to aggressive behavior although the relationship wasn’t as strong, said the researchers.

“Parents should be smart about TV use,” researcher Jennifer Manganello from the University at Albany, State University of New York, told Reuters Health. “They should limit the time that children use TV, pay attention to the content of TV programs, and consider how TV is used throughout the home.”

The study looked at 3,128 women from 20 U.S. cities who had a child between 1998 and 2000. While there was some diversity of education among the study participants, one-third hadn’t graduated from high school.

Two-thirds of the mothers said their three-year-old watched more than two hours of TV a day, and the average viewing time for children was around three hours. On average, the TV was on for about five additional hours on a typical day.

After accounting for factors known to be associated with aggressive behavior, such as living in a violent neighborhood or having a mother who suffers from depression, TV watching and household TV time were both still significantly associated with aggressive behavior, such as hitting others, having angry moods, being disobedient, and screaming a lot.

The American Academy of Pediatrics（小儿科）recommends no TV at all for children two and younger, and two hours a day or less for older kids, lead researcher Jennifer Manganello and her team from the Tulane University School of Public Health noted in their report.

1. According to Jennifer, parents should do the following EXCEPT __________.

  A．limit the time that children use TV

  B．never allow the children to watch TV

C．pay attention to the content of TV programs

  D．consider how TV is used throughout the home

2. Among the study participants about _________ hadn’t graduated from high school.

  A．1040          B．2080              C．1430          D．2800

3. The underlined word “diversity” in the fourth paragraph most probably means _____.

  A．majority              B．policy                     C．variety               D．popularity

4. It can be inferred from the passage that parents ____________.

  A．are recommended to suffer from depression

  B．are encouraged to live in a violent neighborhood

  C．are supposed to teach their kids to hit other kids

  D．are advised to spend more time with their kids

5. What would be the best title of the passage?

  A．Watching TV makes kids’ life colorful

  B．TV exposure likely to make children aggressive

  C．How kids can behave appropriately by watching TV

  D．How kids can get rid of bad habits from an early age

COPENHAGEN—The world is gathered in Copenhagen for the U.N. climate summit, but Denmark’s bicycle-friendly capital has also given its name to a movement of cities trying to find a kinder way to commute.

Nearly 40 percent of Copenhagen’s population cycle to work or school on ubiquitous（无处不在的） paved cycle paths. Many residents take to their bikes year-round, braving rain and snow through the winter in a city where the bicycles outnumber the people.

Amsterdam and Beijing too are known for their bicycles, but the Danish capital is where urban planners from around the world have been looking for ways to get their people out of cars and up onto bikes, an effort known as Copenhagenisation.

Klaus Bondam, Copenhagen’s technical and environmental chief, calls himself a “mega cyclist” and says the bike’s popularity stems partly from high taxes on cars which meant working-class Danes could not afford to drive in the 1930s and ‘40s. “Today you’ll meet everybody on the bicycle lanes --- women and men, rich and poor, old and young,” Bondam said.

The local government has during the last three years invested more than 250 million crowns （$49.42 million） in bicycle lanes and to make the traffic safer for bicyclists. Today around a third of the population drive cars to work or study, another third take public transport, while 37 percent cycle -- a figure the city aims to boost to 50 percent by 2015.

There are many benefits when citizens choose bicycles over cars: pollution and noise decline, public health improves, and more people on bikes or walking creates a sense of safety in the city. Fewer parked cars leaves more space for playgrounds, parks, shopping areas and other useful public places.

1. According to the first paragraph, Copenhagen is better known as __________.

  A．a city without cars           B．a bicycle-friendly city

C．Denmark’s capital           D．the U.N. climate summit

2. We can learn from the second and the third paragraph, _________.

A．there is no path for cars during rainy and snowy days

B．citizens are limited to have only one bike for each person

C．two-thirds of people in Copenhagen cycle to work or school

D．city planners try their best to encourage more citizens to ride bikes

3. Bikes are popular in Copenhagen partly because __________.

  A．the citizens are unable to afford to buy a car

B．the rich tend to keep fit by cycling to work

  C．young people regard cycling a fashion to follow

  D．high taxes were paid for cars in the 1930s and ‘40s

4. Which of the following is NOT the benefit of cycling?

A．Saving time on the road.

B．Declining pollution and noise.

C．Improving public health.

D．Creating safety in the city.

5. We can learn from the passage that ___________.

A．cars are forbidden to park in Copenhagen

B．more citizens tend to choose cars in Copenhagen

  C．Copenhagen becomes a model for cities’ traffic

  D．living standards in Copenhagen are greatly declining

阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题（请注意问题后的字数要求）。

[1] It was one of the happiest times of my life. I was 29 and had just received my bachelor’s degree, graduating with honors despite working two jobs and being a wife and mother. My parents and five-year-old son were in the audience when I walked onto the stage at Ashland University to get my diploma. I was so excited and proud to be starting a teaching career and contributing more to my family’s well-being.

[2] But when I got home that evening, there was a note from my husband written on the back of an envelope. It basically said he’d come to get his clothes and wouldn’t be back. We’d been having trouble, but the note still ____________________. He had emptied our bank account. We were horribly in debt. I had quit my previous jobs because of an interview for a teaching position. Plus, I was eight months pregnant.

[3] Most young women have an idealized picture of the happy-go-lucky life they’re going to live. But no one ever sits you down and says that’s not reality, and sometimes life is just ugly. I was embarrassed, scared, and angry and felt I had failed.

[4] But I had my son, and I was about to bring a new life into the world, so despite my deep sadness, I had to go on. The next morning, I woke up, put my feet on the floor, took a deep breath, fixed breakfast, and basically did everything I always did. One small step after one small step was the way I bounced back.

[5] And in the seven years since, I’ve continued moving forward. I got a job as a kindergarten teacher, earned a master’s degree in education, and watched my babies grow to 12 and seven. It helped me find my voice and myself and helped me grow independent, confident, and strong.

1. What’s the main idea of this passage? （Please answer within 15 words）

_______________________________________________________________________

2. Which sentence（s） in this passage could be replaced by the following one?

“With time going on little by little, I recovered from my deep sadness.”

________________________________________________________________________

3. Fill in the blank in the second paragraph with proper words to complete the sentence. （Please answer within 10 words） 

_______________________________________________________________________    

4. What’s your opinion about what the writer wants to tell us in this passage? （Please answer within 30 words）

________________________________________________________________________

5. Translate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph into Chinese.

________________________________________________________________________

假如你叫李华，是《二十一世纪英文报·中学生版》的一名编辑，最近收到很多中学生读者的来信，咨询如何提高学习成绩。请你写一封120词左右的回信，刊登在报纸上回复广大读者，信的内容如下（信的开头已给出，不计入总词数）：

1．好的学习习惯是提高学习成绩最关键的因素之一；

2．在学习中选择合适的环境，注意听课、及时复习、认真做笔记等；

3．鼓励中学生朋友树立信心。

Dear readers,

I’m very glad to receive your letters and it’s my great honor to reply to you.

_______________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________

The dog is a lovely animal.          One which lives in        flat below mine is particularly pretty.

A．The; the         B．不填；a         C．The; a        D．The；不填

--- Have you ever ridden a horse?

--- No, but I         a came when I visited Egypt last year.

A．was riding         B．have ridden           C．rode               D．ride

Everyone thinks he’ll go far in this company because he has all the qualities necessary     ____

success.

A．to           B．with         C．on           D．for

--- I heard the phone ringing in the office next door.

--- You         it. They haven’t got a phone yet.

A．couldn’t hear                                       B．couldn’t have heard

C．didn’t hear                                          D．wouldn’t have heard

Danby left a message with the professor         he would call again in the afternoon.

A．who          B．that           C．as            D．which

       by the recovering world economy, the oil price has been rising rapidly.

A．Driven             B．To be driven             C．To drive             D．Having drive