Dear all,

Please read Professor Hume's email about his next lecture on Rosa Parks.

Susan Miller

Secretary

Dear Susan,

Please forward this message to students of my history class.

Besides the life story of Rosa Parks in the textbook, the students are also required to read the passage below and some related stories that can be borrowed from the school library.

Ted Hume.

The early experiences of Rosa Parks（1913-2005）, long known as the “mother of the civil rights movement,” were not different from those of many African-Americans at that time. The black woman, however, turned the course of American history in December 1955 when she refused to give up her seat on a bus to a white man. “By sitting down,” remarked John Lewis, “she was standing up for all Americans.”

Among the numerous awards Parks received in her life were the Presidential Medal of Freedom（1996） and the Congressional Gold Medal（1999）.

Parks died on Oct. 24, 2005. At St. Paul A．M. E. Church in Montgomery, a large crowd including Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice celebrated her life. Rice said she and others, who grew up when the political activities of Parks held public attention, might not have realized her impact（影响） on their lives, “but I can honestly say that without Mrs. Parks, I probably would not be standing here as Secretary of State.”

After her casket（灵柩） was placed at the Capitol, U. S. President Bush, members of Congress and ordinary Americans paid their respects. In American history Parks is the first woman to lie in state at the Capitol, a very high regard usually reserved for Presidents of the United States.

1．What is the main purpose of Susan’s email?

A．To make arrangements for Professor Hume's class.

B．To introduce to the students Rosa Parks.

C．To help the students organize a lecture.

D．To answer Professor Hume's last email.

2．The political impact of Rosa Parks lies in the fact that she ______.

A．helped Condoleezza Rice achieve political success

B．joined the civil rights movement at a young age

C．made racial equality a common value in American society

D．set a good example in her early life for other black Americans

3．How was Rosa Parks treated after her death?

A．She was named “mother of the civil rights movement. “

B．She was received by President Bush at the Capitol.

C．She was given the Presidential Medal of Freedom.

D．She was honored to lie in state at the Capitol.

4．Which of the following statements about Rosa Parks is wrong？

A．Rosa Parks was once forced to give up her seat to a white man on a bus.

B．Parks received numerous awards in her life, including the Presidential Medal of Freedom and the Congressional Gold Medal.

C．Parks died at the age of 92.

D．Rosa Parks won respects of both ordinary Americans and members of Congress.

It is difficult for doctors to help a person with a damaged brain. Without enough blood, the brain lives for only three to five minutes. More often the doctors can’t fix the damage. Sometimes they are afraid to try something to help because it is dangerous to work on the brain. The doctors might make the person worse if he operates on the brain.

Dr. Robert White, a famous professor and doctor, thinks he knows a way to help. He thinks doctors should make the brain very cold. If it is very cold, the brain can live without blood for 30 minutes. This gives the doctor a longer time to do something for the brain.

Dr. White tried his idea on 13 monkeys. First he taught them to do different jobs, then he operated on them. He made the monkeys’ blood go through a machine. The machine cooled the blood. Then the machine sent the blood back to the monkeys’ brains. When the brain’s temperature was 10℃, Dr. White stopped the blood to the brain. After 30 minutes, he turned the blood back on. He warmed the blood again. After their operations the monkeys were like what they had been before. They were healthy and busy. Each one could still do the jobs the doctor had taught them.

1．The biggest difficulty in operating on the damaged brain is that        .

A．the time is too short for doctors            B．the patients are often too nervous

C．the damage is extremely hard to fix        D．the blood-cooling machine might break down

2．The brain operation was made possible mainly by        .

A．taking the blood out of the brain                   B．trying the operation on monkeys first

C．having the blood go through a machine         D．lowering the brain’s temperature

3．What is the right order of the steps in the operations?

A．send the cooled back to the brain                  B．stop the blood to the brain

C．have the blood cooled down                         D．operate on the brain

A．a, b, c, d                 B．c, a, b, d                 C．c, b, d, a                 D．b, c, d, a

4．Which of the following is not true?

A．If there isn’t enough blood, the brain can live for only three to five minutes.

B．If the brain is very cold, it can live without blood for half an hour.

C．Dr. White tried his idea for thirteen times on human beings and monkeys.

D．After their operations, the monkeys were healthy and busy again.

Filling in company application forms can become a boring and repetitive task. Yet any carelessness on an applicant’s part can draw a negative reaction from readers. Each company or organization usually uses its own specially designed form that, although it generally asks for the same basic information, may vary in detail. Therefore the suggestions below apply mainly to the approach you should take rather than suggest what you should write.

*When visiting future employers, always carry your personal data record with you so that you can readily search for details such as dates, telephone numbers, and other useful information.

*Treat every application form as though it is the first one you are completing—write carefully and neatly.

*Use words that describe the responsibility and different aspects of each job you have held rather than list only the duties you performed.

*Particularly describe social activities that show your involvement in the community, or activities in which you held a teaching or coaching role.

*Pay particular attention of there is a section on the form that asks you to comment on how your education and past experience have especially prepared you for the position.

Think this through very carefully before you write so that what you say shows a natural progression from past experience to the job you are applying for. If you can , and if they fit naturally , add a few words to demonstrate （证明） how the position fits your overall career plan.

1．Although all application forms demand the same basic information,       .

A．different companies may have different requirements

B．different companies may take the same attitude towards them

C．application may be required to answer all the questions in detail

D．application may have to send in the forms by person

2．Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A．Your personal data record is more important than the interview itself.

B．You should put all your personal data record in the application form.

C．Your personal data record will be of much help to your interview.

D．You should write your personal data as clearly and neatly as possible.

3．When writing about the duties you have been engaged in, you should        .

A．put down the names of your colleagues   

B．describe the nature of the duties

C．relate them to other major duties     

D．describe what responsible positions you have held

4．Which of the following would be the best TITLE of the passage?

A．Importance of Application Forms            

B．How to Fill in an Application Form

C．Job and Its Application Form             

D．Nature of Application Forms

The African elephant, the largest land animal remaining on earth , is of great importance to ecosystem（生态系统）.Unlike other animals. The African elephant is to a great extent the builder of its environment. As a big plant-eater, it largely shapes the forest-and-savanna（大草原）surroundings in with it lives, therefore setting the terms of existence for millions of other animals that live in its habitat.

     It is the elephant’s great desire for food that makes it a disturber of the environment and an important builder of its habitat. In its continuous search for the 300 pounds of plants it must have every day, it kills small trees and underbushes, and pulls buanches off big trees. This results in numerous open spaces in both deep tropical forests and in the woodlands that cover part of the African savannas. In these open spaces are numerous plants in various stages of growth that attract

a variety of other plant-eaters.

African Take the rain forests for example. In their natural state, the spreading branches overhead shut out sunlight and prevent the growth of plants on the forest floor. By pulling down trees and eating plants, elephants make open spaces, allowing new plants to grow on the forest floor. In such situations, the forests become suitable for large hoofed plant-eaters to move around and for small plant-eaters to get their food as well.

What worries scientists now is that the African elephant has become an endangered species. If the elephant disappears, scientists say, many other animals will also disappear from vast areas of forest and savanna, greatly changing and worsening the whole ecosystem.

1．What is the passage mainly about?

A．Disappearance of African elephants.

B．Forests and savannas as habitats for African elephants.

C．The effect of African elephants' search for food.

D．The eating habit of African elephants.

2．What does the underlined phrase “setting the terms” most probably mean?

A．Fixing the time.                                   B．Worsening the state.

C．Improving the quality.                             D．Deciding the conditions.

3．What do we know about the open spaces in the passage?

A．They result from the destruction of rain forests.

B．They provide food mainly for African elephants.

C．They are home to many endangered animals.

D．They are attractive to plant-eating animals of different kinds.

4．According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A．The African elephant is the largest animal on earth.

B．African elephants have 300 pounds of plants every day, including small trees and underbushes.

C．The African elephant is in a way the builder of the environment like other land animals

D．If the African elephant disappears, the whole ecosystem won’t be affected.

5．The passage is developed mainly by        .

A．showing the effect and then explaining the causes  

B．pointing out similarities and differences

C．describing the changes in space order            

D．giving examples

One thing Britain is famous for is pubs, and no trip to the UK would be complete without a visit to one of the thousands of pubs across the country.

Pubs play an important part in the social structure of the country. They are places where all ages and social classes mix to talk, do business, or just spend a couple of quiet hours before heading home in the evening.

There are many different types of beer available in pubs. Traditional British beer is called bitter, or ale, and is usually served at room temperature. As a result, the British are famous for their ‘warm beer’! If you prefer a cold beer, ask for lager. This beer is light yellow in colour whereas bitter is usually a darker brown. All beers are served as pints （500 ml） or halves （250ml）. To order, you need to ask for a pint or half, and then name the beer. So, you could say “                 .”

Wine, red or white, is normally available in all pubs, such as whisky, gin or vodka.It is not, however, necessary to drink alcohol. Non-alcoholic drinks are called soft drinks. You can have juice, lemonade, cola or among others.

If you visit a pub in a group, it is important to pay for your ‘round’. This means that you buy a drink for everyone in your group. Not buying your round is a big social mistake! Remember that you need to order and pay for your drinks at the bar.

So, follow these tips if you want to get the most out of visiting a pub, and, “cheers!”

1．Please fill in the blank in the third paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. （Please answer within 10 words.） 

______________________________________________________________________

2．Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one? 

If you don’t buy a drink for everyone in your group, you are socially wrong.

3．If you are in a pub, what would you like to drink? Why? （Please answer within 30 words.）

______________________________________________________________________________

1．Would you please give me some a__________ on how to solve this problem?

2．I am not f__________ with the story, for I have never heard it before.

3．Everyone on the earth is born e_________ and has the same rights.

4．A lot of firemen came to r__________ the people trapped in the fire.

5．It’s too difficult for us to finish the task in time; b_______, we don’t have enough money.

6．This book has ___________ （证明） of some use to them in their studies.

7．_______ （个人） speaking, I can’t agree to the plan any more.

8．She was ____________ （录取） to Beijing University because of her hard work.

9．He didn't make ______________（准备） for this exam, so he failed.

10．They didn’t ask me for help, but I think I should offer ___________  （无论如何）. 

近来，有调查显示，有动物做伴孩子更健康。请参考以下要点，以Pets make good company为题写一篇100字左右的短文。开头已经为你写好，不算入总词数。注意不要逐条翻译，请适量增加细节使文章内容丰富连贯。

1．让孩子更愿意分享；

2．有利于提高儿童的自信心；

3．还可以发展儿童的交流能力；

4．还是儿童心灵成长（spiritual development） 的良好伙伴；

                        Pets make good company

According to a latest survey, children raised with pets show many benefits._______________

Coca-Cola,         world’s largest soft drinks maker, has offered to buy         China’s top juice maker Hui-yuan Juice Group.

A．the; the           B．a; 不填          C．the; a           D．the; 不填

Under the leadership of newly          president Barack Obama, the US is expected to turn a new page in politics and economy.

A．elected                    B．electing                   C．to elect                   D．having been elected

They decided to chase the cow away          it did more damage.

A．unless                     B．until                    C．before                    D．although