---Did you visit the memorial?---No．We ____it，but we spent too much time shopping．

A. needn’t have visited                          B. can’t have visited  

C. could have visited                            D. must have visited

Scientists find that hard-working people live longer than average men and women. Career women are ___1___ than housewives, Evidence shows that ___2___ are in poorer health than the job-holders. A study shows ___3___ the unemployment rate increases by 1%, the death rate increases correspondingly (相应地) by 2%. All this ___4___ one point: Work is helpful to health.

      Why is work good for health? It is because work keeps people busy, __5___ loneliness and solitude (孤独). Researches show that people feel __6___ and lonely when they have nothing to do. Instead, the happiest are those who are ___7___. Many high achievers who love their careers feel that they are happiest when they are working hard. Work serves as ___8___ between man and reality. By work, people ___9___ each other. By collective (集体的) activity, they find friendship and warmth. This is helpful to health. The loss of work __10___ the loss of everything. It affects man spiritually and makes him liable to (易于)___11___.

      __12__, work gives one a sense of fulfillment (充实感) and a sense of ___13___. Work makes one feel his value and status in society. When ___14__ finishes his writing or a doctor successfully __15___ a patient or a teacher sees his students ___16___, they are happy __17___.

      From the above we can come to the conclusion ___18___ the more you work, __19___ you will be. Let us work hard, __20___ and live a happy and healthy life.

1. A. more healthier        B. healthier           C. weaker               D. worse

2. A. career women       B. the busy          C. the jobless          D. the hard-working

3. A. that whenever        B. whether           C. that though                 D. since

4. A. comes down to      B. equals to          C. adds up to                 D. amounts to

5. A. \                       B. off                  C. in touch with        D. away from

6. A. happy, interested   B. glad, joyful      C. cheerful, concerned    D. unhappy, worried

7. A. busy                  B. free                  C. lazy                   D. empty

8. A. a river           B. a gap             C. a channel             D. a bridge

9. A. come across                                         B. come into contact with 

C. look down upon                                           D. watch over

10. A. means                B. stands           C. equals                        D. matches

11. A. success                B. death         C. victory                D. disease

12. A. Besides                 B. Nevertheless   C. However             D. Yet

13. A. disappointment     B. achievement      C. regret               D. apology

14. A. a worker              B. a farmer        C. a writer              D. a manager

15. A. manages               B. controls         C. operates on        D. deals with

16. A. raise                  B. grow         C. rise                     D. increase

17. A. in a word           B. without a word  C. at a word           D. beyond words

18. A. that                   B. which                C. what                   D. 不填.

19. A. the lonelier and weaker                    B. lonelier and weaker

C. happier and healthier                     D. the happier and healthier

20. A. study well            B. studying well     C. study good          D. studying good

Burning the midnight oil before an exam or interview has an opposite effect according to a research which found that sleep is necessary for memories to be “downloaded” into the brain.

“A good night’s sleep within 30 hours of trying to remember a new task is a necessary condition of having good recall（回忆）in the weeks ahead,” scientists have found.

“We think that getting that first night’s sleep starts the process of memory consolidation（加强）,” said Robert Stickgold, a sleep researcher at Harvard Meidical School who conducted the latest study.

“It seems that memories are normally washed out of the brain unless some process nails them down. I feel uncertain that sleep is one of those things that do the nailing down,” Professor Stickgold said.

Professor Stickgold’s team trained the 24 people to tell direction of three diagonal bars（斜线）shown for a sixtieth of a second on a computer screen full of horizontal stripes（水平线）.

Half the subjects were kept awake that night, while the others slept. Both groups were allowed to sleep for the second and third nights so make up for any differences in tiredness between the volunteers（志愿者）.

Those who slept the first night were much better at remembering the task while the second ground showed no improvement in spite of enjoying two nights of catch-up sleep.

A further study by scientists at the Medical University at Lubeck Germany showed that memories are laid down in two stages during the night. The first is during the deep, so-called “slow wave” sleep, which usually takes place in the first half of the night. The second, and less important stage happens during the period of dreaming or “rapid eye movement (REM)”. When people don’t sleep well in the first half of the night, their memory consolidation is almost the same as having no sleep at all.

1. Which of the following statements is correct according to Paragraph 1?

  A. It is necessary to burn the midnight oil before an exam or interview  

B. Sleep speeds up the loss of memory

  C. Man should have a good sleep if he wants to keep a good memory

  D. Staying up late will make you better prepared for an exam or interview

2. It can be inferred from Paragraph 4 that _____.

  A. some process helps memories to be washed out of the brain

  B. professor Stickgold is doubtful about whether sleep can make memories better

  C. some memories normally influence the function of the brain

  D. sleep improves the condition of memories

3. How was the research conducted by Professor Stickgold?

  A. The subjects were divided into two groups 

B. All the subjects were kept awake for 3 nights

  C. One group slept at the first night but was kept awake the next two nights

  D. One group was kept awake for 3 nights but the other slept for the second and third nights

4. The best title of this passage is _____.

  A. Sleep is Necessary for Memories  B. The Importance of the First Stage of Sleep

  C. Studies Made By Scientists About Sleep  D. The Scientists’ Achievement in Sleep Research

Testing has replaced teaching in most public schools. Pretests, drills, tests, and retests fill my own children’s school week. They know that the best way to read a textbook is to look at the questions at the end of the chapter and then skim the text for the answers. I believe that my daughter Erica, who gets excellent marks, has never read a chapter of any of her school textbooks all the way through. And teachers are often heard to state proudly and openly that they teach to the mandated state test.

Teaching to the test is a curious phenomenon. Instead of deciding what skills students ought to learn, helping students learn them, and then using some sensible methods of assessment (评价) to discover whether students have mastered the skills, teachers are encouraged to reverse the process. First one looks at a test, which is intended for money. Then one chooses the skills needed not to master reading, but to do well in the test. Finally, the test skills are taught.

The ability to read or write or calculate might imply the ability to do reasonably well on standardized tests. However, neither reading nor writing develops simply through being taught to take tests. We must be careful to avoid mistaking preparation for a test of a skill with the acquisition(习得) of that skill. Too many discussions of basic skill make this misunderstanding because people are only interested in the test rather than concerned with the nature and quality of what is taught.

Recently, many schools have faced what could be called the crisis of comprehension or, in simple terms, the phenomenon of students with grammar skills still being unable to understand what they read. These students are quite good at test taking and filling in workbooks. However, they have little or no experience reading or thinking, and talking about what they read. They know the details but can’ t see or understand the whole. They are taught to be so concerned with grade that they have no time or ease of mind to think about meaning, and reread things if necessary.

1. The author gives an account of Erica’s performance in her study in order to show      .

A. her cleverness in test- taking         B. the incompetence of teachers

C. there is something wrong with the current practice in teaching   D. the best way to read textbooks

2. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. The phenomenon of teaching to the test has aroused curiosity in many educators.

B. Skills in general are not only useless but often mislead students.

C. Ability to read and write is one thing, and ability to do well on standardized tests is quite another.

D. Preparation for test of a skill does not necessarily mean the acquisition of that skill.

3. The author insists that        .

A. mandated state tests be replaced by some more sensible methods of assessment

B. teachers pay more attention to the nature and quality of what is taught

C. students not be concerned with grades but do more reading and thinking

D. main changes be brought about in the general teaching

4.We can safely conclude that ____my cause educational problems.

A. teaching to the test                                B. standardized tests  

C. test-taking                                             D. preparation for mandated state tests

What is “Dads Make a Difference”?

A service-learning opportunity for teens that deals with fatherhood, parenting, and so on.

Older teens, grades 10—12, teach younger teens, grades 6—9, about the importance of fathers in children’s lives, the legal and financial responsibilities of parenting.

Teen teacher training goals & objectives

The goal of the teen teacher training is to better understand the complex problems surrounding legal fatherhood in our society. By discussing what makes healthy families, explaining the meaning of paternity（父亲的身份）, and examining the risks people take in their lives, teens will develop the skills needed to make informed decisions in their own relationships and, finally, teach this information to others.

What’s in it for me?

An opportunity to:

Learn life skills like communication, decision making, and problem solving.

Get the chance to use knowledge in meaningful and effective ways.

Develop leadership, planning, teamwork, time management, and organizational skills to help you in every aspect of your life.

Forming lasting relationships with adult mentors（导师）.

Comments from teen teachers

“ ‘Dads Make a Difference’ made me realize how permanent and expensive parenthood is.”

“Speaking in from of groups and directing people in activities, I feel, is a valuable skill to have that I will use throughout my life.”

“I wish I would have gone through this program when I was in Junior High. I know it would have helped me to really think about the future and to make good decisions.”

“ ‘Dads Make a Difference’ has helped me to know the effects of my actions before I take them and I know what risks not to take to protect my future.”

1. “Dads Make a Difference” is a(n)_____.

  A. name of a school   B. training center   C. social organization   D. education program

2. “Dads Make a Difference” can _____.

  A. provide teens a chance to be a teacher in Junior High   

B. help teens learn more about parents

C. help teens develop their life skills                  

D. advise teens how to avoid risks in life

3. According to the passage, who will benefit most from “Dads Make a Difference”?

  A. fathers and sons                B. mothers and daughters

  C. teen teachers and adult mentors    D. teens and societies

4. The underlined word “them” in the last paragraph refers to _____.

  A. effects     B. actions     C. risks    D. courses about “Dads Make a Difference”

Rome had the Forum. London has Speaker’s Corner. Now always-on-the-go New Yorkers have Liz and Bill.

Liz and Bill, two college graduates in their early 20s, have spent a whole year trying to have thousands of people talk to them in subway and on busy street corners. Just talk.

Using a 2-foot-tall sign that says, “Talk to Me”, they attract conversationalists, who one evening included a mental patient, and men in business suits.

They don’t collect money. They don’t push religion. So what’s the point?

“To see what happens,” said Liz. “We simply enjoy life with open communication.”

Shortly after the September 11,2001 attacks, they decided to walk from New York City to Washington, a 270-mile trip. They found they loved talking to people along the way and wanted to continue talking with strangers after their return.

“It started as a crazy idea,” Liz said. “We were so curious about all the strangers walking by with their life stories. People will talk to us about anything: their jobs their cloths, their childhood experiences, anything.”

Denise wanted to talk about an exam she was about to take. She had stopped by for the second time in two days, to let the two listeners know how it went.

Marcia had lost her husband because of a serious disease. “That was very heavy on my mind,” Marcia said. “To be able to talk about it to total strangers was very good,” she explained.

To celebrate a year of talking, the two held a get-together in a city park for all the people they had met over the past year. A few hundred people showed up, as well as some television cameramen and reporters.

They may plan more parties or try to attract more people to join their informal talks. Some publishers have expressed interest in a book, something they say they’ll consider.

1. What did Liz and Bill start doing after September 2001?

  A. Chatting with people            B. Setting up street sings

  C. Telling stories to strangers        D. Organizing a speaker’s corner

2. What they have been doing can be described as _____.

  A. pointless         B. successful     C. crazy          D. normal

3. Why are Denise and Marcia mentioned in the text?

  A. They knew Liz and Bill very well 

B. They are examples of those who talked to Liz and Bill

  C. They organized the get-together in the city park 

D. They happened to meet the writer of the text

4. What will Liz and Bill do in the future?

  A. Go in for publishing              B. Do more television programs

  C. Continue what they are doing       D. Spend more time reading books

There is a measurable relation between how much a person learns and that individual’s attitude toward the subject to be learned. When faced with a difficult learning assignment, one path toward success is to seek out and concentrate on the positive aspects of the subject matter. If a student has boring and ineffective teacher in a required course, one solution is to look for the positive aspects of completing the course, regardless of how boring the instructor happens to be. To accomplish this might require a private tutor or some independent reading, but with the right attitude, success is possible.

Over-achievers---those students who do better than their test scores indicate ---- usually have a positive interest toward learning. They may learn some things more slowly, and it may take more effort, but, to compensate, they are often better at applying what they have learned. As long as they do not stress themselves into emotional problems, they are successful.

Under-achievers--- those who function below their ability indicated by test scores ---- often tend to permit a few negative factors to sidetrack them. Because of their negative attitudes, they sometimes become unfairly critical of teachers. They allow themselves to get bored when it is not necessary. In short, their attitudes often cause them to learn less than over-achievers.

If you learn to replace a negative mind---set toward learning with something more positive, you are on the road to achieving virtually any goal you desire. For example, if you realize a personal computer with a word processor would improve your performance, but have an attitude that keeps telling you that you cannot learn to operate a computer you tend to make all kinds of excuses. In short, you resist making full use of a terrific tool, simply because your negative attitude prevents you from learning.

1. The writer thinks that over-achievers and under-achievers mainly differ in ____________.

   A. their test scores                               B. their judgment of the teachers         

C. their attitudes toward learning            D. their skills in using computers

2. What does the author suggest if a student has a boring teacher?

   A. To be critical of the teacher.                                 

B. To read more on one’s own.

   C. To have a right attitude toward the teacher.            

D. To complete the course without the teacher.

3. The phrase function below their ability indicated by test scores ( in Para.3) means the under-achievers ________.

   A. often get low scores in tests                 

B. do worse in actual learning than in the tests.

   C. usually do better in tests than the over-achievers            

D. are always slow in learning and have to make more efforts

4. What is the main idea of the passage?

   A. Attitudes play very important roles in learning.  

B. Teachers are not so important in the learning process.

   C. Students should learn how to use personal computers.

   D. There are many differenced between over- and under- achievers

阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后面的要求答题。（请注意问题后的字数要求）

Called “The School of the Future” and created with help from software giant Micriosoft, a recently – opened public school in Philadelphia, US, is believed to be the first in the world to combine innovation teaching methods with the latest technology. At this school, students work on wireless laptops, teachers eschew traditional subjects for real – world topics and parents can track their child’s work on the Internet.

The school, which cost the school district $ 63 million to build, is free and has no entrance exams. The 170 ninth – grade students were selected at random from 1500 applicants.

Philadelphia School District Chief Executive Paul Vallas told students they would be observed by other schools around the world. “You have become instant role models,” Vallas said. “People are going to be watching you.”

Students still sit in classrooms, but lessons rely heavily on information found on the Internet and on interactive software. Students will be allowed to learn at their own pace. Homework is done on computer and sent to the teacher for grading and parents can access the school’s network to read teacher feedback on their child’s progress.

Traditional education fails to teach students the skills of problem – solving, critical thinking and effective communication, which they need to succeed in the 21st century, Principal Shirley Grover said in an interview. “It’s not about memorizing certain algebraic equations (代数方程式) and then presenting them in a test,” Grover said. “It’s about thinking how maths might be used to solve a quality – of – water problem or how it might he used to determine whether or not we are safe in Philadelphia from the bird flu.”

David Terry, 14, said he was hoping to “turn over a new leaf ” after discipline problems in his previous school left him with an “average to really bad” academic record. “This is a great opportunity for me,” he said. “In other schools, I would not          .”

1．What’s the best title of this passage? (Please answer within 10 words.)

2．Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

    Although the students have their lessons in classrooms, they mainly learn through the Internet and on some software.

3．Please fill in the blank in the last paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 10 words.)

4．Do you think this kind of school good? Why? (Please answer within 30 words.)

5．Please translate the underlined sentence in the fifth paragraph into Chinese.

请以 On exams in schools 为题，结合考试的作用以及自己对考试的感悟提出对考试的合理化建议。

_____ her son has passed the college entrance examination makes her so happy.

A. That                 B. What                        C. Since                             D. Because