Irradiating（照射）fruits, vegetables, pork and chicken to kill insects and bacteria has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration over the past decade or so. Irradiation of other meats, such as beef and lamb, is being reviewed. Federal approval does not require that industry adopt the process, and few food processors presently offer irradiated products.

Market studies have shown that many consumers are afraid that eating irradiated foods may cause cancer, despite scientific studies that prove the safety of treated foods. Some people argue that more severe government inspection（examining）, higher food-safety standards, and more careful food-preparation practices by consumers are all that is needed to ensure that food is safe. Consequently, companies currently see no need to spend millions of dollars outfitting(装备)processing plants with the equipment necessary for a process that very few shoppers are in favor of.

All supermarkets that sell irradiated food must label that food either directly on the packaging, or, in the case of bulk items like fruits and vegetables, by placing a sign nearby. There is no requirement for the labeling of irradiated food served by chain restaurants or hospitals that buy directly from distributors（经销商）, nor any regulations for products that contain irradiated ingredients.

Presently, the FDA allows food to be treated with three types of radiation—gamma rays, high-energy electrons, and X-rays—and sets limits on doses（辐射量）, depending on the type of food. The principle is that the dose to be used for a certain type of food should not exceed the amount that is sufficient to kill most harmful insects and bacteria present in it. Different types of food, because of their different molecular(分子)compositions, may require different doses of radiation. 

1．According to the passage, killing insects and bacteria present in foods by irradiating       .

A．has been completely approved by the FDA

B．is being reviewed by the FDA

C．is not completely approved by the US government.

D．has been widely adopted in the U.S.

2．Which of the following statements about the consumers’ attitudes toward irradiated foods is NOT true?

A．Many consumers are afraid that irradiated foods may cause cancer.

B．Some consumers are doubtful of the safety of irradiated foods.

C．Some consumers suggest a more severe government inspection be taken.

D．Most consumers welcome the food processing companies outfitted with irradiating equipment.

3．Irradiated food has to be labeled when           .

       A．it is sold at the supermarket                  B．it is served at the restaurants

       C．it is provided in the hospitals                 D．it is produced at the factories

4．Which of the following best reflects the content of the passage? 

A．Although FDA does not approve irradiating food, consumers accept irradiated food.

B．Neither FDA approves irradiating food, nor do consumers accept irradiated food.

C．FDA approves irradiating food to some extent, but irradiated food is not widely accepted.

    D．Both FDA and consumers think that irradiated food is not safe.

In a moment of personal crisis, how much help can you expect from a New York taxi driver? I began studying this question and found the answer interesting.

One morning I got into three different taxis and announced: “Well, it’s my first day back in New York in seven years. I’ve been in prison.” Not a single driver replied, so I tried again. “Yeah, I shot a man in Reno,” I explained, hoping the driver would ask me why, so I could say casually, “Just to watch him die.” But nobody asked. The only response came from a Ghanaian driver: “Reno? That is in Nevada?”

Taxi drivers were uniformly sympathetic when I said I'd just been fired. “This is America,” a Haitain driver said. “One door is closed. Another is open.” He argued against my plan to burn down my boss’s house: “If you do something silly and they put you away, you cannot look for another job.” A Pakistani driver even turned down a chance to profit from my loss of hope: he refused to take me to the middle of the George Washington Bridge, a $20 trip. “Why you want to go there? Go home and relax. Don’t worry. Take a new job.”

One very hot weekday in July, while wearing a red ski mask and holding a stuffed pillowcase with the word “BANK” on it, I tried hailing a taxi five times outside different banks. The driver picked me up every time. My ride with Guy-Caaude Thevenain, a Haitian driver, was typical of the superb assistance I received.

“Let’s go across the park,” I said. “I just robbed the bank there. I got $25, 000.”

“$25, 000?” he asked.

“Yeah, you think it was wrong to take it?”

“No, man. I work 8 hours and I don’t make almost $70. If I can do that, I do it too.”

As we approached 86th and Lexington, I pointed to the Chemical Bank.

“Hey, there’s another bank,” I said, “could you wait here a minute while I go inside?”

“No, I can’t wait. Pay me now.” His reluctance may have had something to do with money—taxi drivers think the rate for waiting time is too low—but I think he wanted me to learn that even a bank robber can’t expect unconditional support.

1．Why did the Pakistani driver refuse to take the author to the middle of the George Washington Bridge?

A．Because he was able to help the author to find a new job.

B．Because he wanted to go home and relax.

C．Because it was far away from his home.

D．Because he thought that the author would commit suicide.

2．What is the author’s interpretation(explanation) of the driver’s reluctance “to wait outside the Chemical Bank” ?

A．The driver thought that the rate for waiting time was too low.

B．The driver thought it wrong to support a taxi rider unconditionally.

C．The driver was frightened and wanted to leave him as soon as possible.

D．The driver did not want to help a suspect to escape from a bank robbery.

3．Which of the following statements is true about New York taxi drivers?

A．They are ready to help you do whatever you want to.

B．They refuse to pick up those who would kill themselves.

C．They are sympathetic with those who are out of work.

D．They work only for money.

4．The passage mainly discusses           .

       A．how to please taxi riders

       B．how to deal with taxi riders

       C．the attitudes of taxi drivers towards riders in personal trouble

       D．the attitudes of taxi drivers towards troublesome taxi riders

此题要求改正所给短文中的错误.对标题号的每一行做出判断：如无错误，在该行右边的横线上划（√）；如有错误（每行只有一个错误），则按下列情况改正：

此行多一个词：把多余的词用（\）斜线划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。

此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。

此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。

注意：原行没有错的不要改。

I received your letter dated April 16 the day before                      1．       

yesterday. Every of our family are greatly delighted to                          2．       

learn whether you are getting along very well with your                      3．       

lessons. Time passes quickly. In dozens of day, you’ll                        4．       

finish middle school. What please us most is that you                          5．       

do very good to make up your mind to enter for the college                  6．       

entrance examination this summer. What wonderful                            7．       

it is! Dad, as well as Mom and I, are with you. We                              8．       

wish you to make better use your time. The fuller preparations            9．       

if you make, the surer of success you’ll certainly be.                       10．       

          president is popular because he listens to          people.

A．The; the    B．The; /       C．A; / D．A; the

Everybody         when the chairman entered the meeting room.

A．Was standing up      B．stood up   C．has stood up    D．stands up

--- How many beers would you like for the party? What about a dozen?

--- That        be enough.

A．could        B．must         C．may  D．should

        your wife’s expression, she must be mad at you.

A．Judging from        B．Judged from              C．To be Judged from         D．To judge from

If you find some questions difficult, leave out         you don’t understand.

A．these        B．the ones    C．ones  D．them

This medicine should          your headache.

A．work        B．make        C．help   D．treat

Sorry, Joe. I know I        , but I really can’t come to your anniversary party.

A．promised  B．had promised    C．have promised  D．promise