A. Social background for the Development of Adult Education

B. What is the present situation?

C. The purposes in Adult Education

D. Ways of Adult Education

E. The history of Adult Education

F. What is Adult Education?

61                

Voluntary learning in organized courses by mature men and women is called adult education. Such education is offered to make people able to enlarge and interpret their experience as adults. Adults may want to study something which they missed in earlier schooling, get new skills or job training, find out about new technological development, seek better self-understanding, or develop new talents and skills.

62                

   This kind of education may be in the form of self-study with proper guidance through the use of libraries, correspondence(函授)courses,or broadcasting.It may also be acquired collectively in schools and colleges, study groups, workshops, clubs, and professional associations.

63                

Modern adult education for large numbers of people started in the 18th and 19th centuries with the rise of the Industrial Revolution. Great economic and social changes were taking place: people were moving from rural areas to cities: new types of work were being created in an expanding factory system. These and other factors produced a need for further education and reeducation of adults.

64                

The earliest program of organized adult education arose in Great Britain in the 1790s, with the founding of an adult school at Nottingham and a mechanics’institute at Glasgow. The earliest adult education institution in the United States was founded by Benjamin Franklin and some friends in Philadelphia in 1727.

65                

People recognize that continued learning is necessary for most forms of employment today. For example, parts of the adult population in many countries find it necessary to take part in retraining programs at work or even to learn completely new jobs. Adult education programs are springing up constantly to meet these and other needs.  

A healthy dose of sunshine may be the secret to staying young, British scientists have disclosed.

Vitamin D is produced naturally by the skin in response to sunlight and may help to slow the ageing process and protect against heart disease, according to the study.

Researchers from King's College London studied 2,160 women aged between 18 and 79, looking at their telomeres - a biological marker of ageing found in DNA．As people get older, their telomeres get shorter and they are easy to have illnesses.

But the study found women with high levels of vitamin D had comparatively longer telomeres - a sign of being biologically younger and healthier.

The study suggests vitamin D may help to slow down the ageing process of DNA, and therefore the ageing process as a whole.

Lead researcher Dr Brent Richards said: "These results are exciting because they prove for the first time that people who have higher levels of vitamin D may age more slowly than people with lower levels of vitamin D．

"This could help to explain how vitamin D has a protective effect on many ageing related diseases, such as heart disease and cancer."

He said further studies are required to confirm the findings.

Professor Tim Spector, head of KCL's twin research unit, and a co-author of the report, added: "Although it might sound absurd(荒谬的), it's possible that the same sunshine which may increase our risk of skin cancer may also have a healthy effect on the general ageing process."

Vitamin D made by the action of sunlight on the skin accounts for 90 per cent of the body's supply, but lower levels can also be obtained through food such as fish, eggs and breakfast cereals.

Other studies have suggested the vitamin plays a key role in protecting against cancer and heart disease.

58.What’s the best title of this passage?

  A.Sunshine helps to keep you young.

  B.Vitamin D has a protective effect on many diseases.

  C.Telomeres - a biological marker of ageing.

  D.People have found the secret to having a long life.

59.How can people get Vitamin D?

A.through water.       B. through sunshine.

C.through food.        D.both B and C.

60.Which of the following is not true according to the passage?

    A.women with high levels of vitamin D shows a sign of being biologically younger and healthier.

    B.vitamin D has a protective effect on many ageing related diseases.

    C.too much sunshine may increase our risk of skin cancer.

    D.It has been proved that sunshine helps to keep you young.

      Every once in a while, it is necessary to take a step back in order to take a long, hard look at where we are in our lives. At this point, it is good to ask yourself a bunch of critical questions. Are you at the point in your career where you want to be ? Have you so far accomplished all of your goals in life ? If so, then maybe it is time to make goals that stretch yourself a bit more. If you have not accomplished your goals in life, then perhaps you have made the mistake of setting too many goals or trying to accomplish them at an unnaturally fast pace.

       It is necessary to set reasonable, intelligent goals in order to succeed in life. Do not be unrealistic because life is not a fairy tale. But you should try to recognize what you want, and to be as specific as possible when attempting to visualize（形象化） or otherwise express what your goals in life are.

       In order for a goal to sufficiently motivate you, it needs to be a major one. The bigger your goals are, then the more motivated you will need to be to work towards accomplishing them. If you want, for example, to be the greatest concert pianist, in the world, then you are going to find yourself a lot more motivated than you would be if your goal were merely to, say, play a couple of Beethoven pieces extremely well. If you are a beginner, then no doubt mastering those tough songs is a very intelligent and realistic goal to set. But if that is your only goal as a pianist, then you will stop growing as a pianist once that goal has been achieved. This is why it is necessary to constantly stop and re-evaluate our goals so that we are aware of what they are, and thus stay motivated.

54. From the passage, if your goals have all been achieved, you should then ______.

       A. ask yourself some serious questions

       B. take a hard look at your success

       C. set some other intelligent goals

       D. stretch yourself to relax

55. By saying “life is not a fairy tale”, the author suggests that you should ________ .

       A. set as big a goal as possible

       B. try hard to realize your dream

       C. make your goals practical

       D. abandon all your ambitions

56. To perform several Beethoven pieces well is a goal that _______.

       A. is not suitable for the pianist

       B. is appropriate for a beginner

       C. stops you from growing as a pianist

       D. is very easy to achieve

57. What is the best title for the passage ?

       A. Set Intelligent Goals for Yourself

       B. Try to Accomplish Your Goals

       C. Get Yourself More Motivated

       D. Goals Help You to Succeed

The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) has declared October 15 as Global Handwashing Day in 2005．The first Global Handwashing Day is on October 15 of 2008.Activities are planned over twenty countries to get millions of people in the developing world to wash their hands with soap. Global Handwashing Day is the idea of the Public-Private Partnership for Handwashing with Soap. Partners include the UN Children's Fund, American government agencies, the World Bank and soap makers Unilever and Procter and Gamble. The goal is to create a culture of hand washing with soap.

Hand washing can prevent the spread of disease. Experts say people around the world wash their hands but very few use soap at so-called critical moments. These include after using the toilet, after cleaning a baby and before touching food.

When people get germs on their hands, they can infect themselves by touching their eyes, nose or mouth. Then they can infect others.

The organizers say all soaps are equally effective at removing disease-causing germs. The correct way to wash is to wet your hands with a small amount of water and cover them with soap. Rub it into all areas, including under the fingernails. Rub for at least twenty seconds.Then, rinse well under running water. Finally, dry your hands with a clean cloth or wave them in the air. Soap is important because it increases the time that people spend washing. It also helps to break up the grease and dirt that hold most of the germs.And it usually leaves a pleasant smell,which increases the likelihood that people will wash again.

Washing with soap before eating and after using the toilet could save more lives than any medicine. It could help reduce cases of diarrhea(痢疾) by almost half. And it could reduce deaths from pneumonia and other breathing infections by one-fourth. Diarrhea is the second leading cause of child deaths, killing more than one and a half million children a year. Pneumonia is the leading cause, killing about two million children under five each year. Hand washing can also prevent the spread of other diseases.

50.We can learn from Paragraph 1 that _______.

A.the first Global Handwashing Day was held in 2005

B.many originations support the idea of Global Handwashing Day  

C.Global Handwashing Day was founded by many soap makers

D.the content of Global Handwashing Day is to wash your hand frequently

51.The underlined phrase “critical moments” in Paragraph 2 refers to _______.

  A.the important occasions   

     B.schedules  

     C.the arrangement of a time

     D.the necessary parts in health

52.The main purpose of the story is to tell us ________.

     A.hand washing is very important

     B.to create a culture of hand washing with soap

     C.germs can infect ourselves and others

     D.soaps play an important role in everyday life

53.The last paragraph implies that ___________.

     A.a soap is a kind of medicine to prevent a disease

B.it is important for children to wash hands in a correct way

     C.Pneumonia kills about two million children each year

       D.Diarrhea is the second leading cause of child deaths.

As the pace of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through lift, being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.

Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to avoid it. In fact, it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be. A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.

The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress, and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress, in whatever form, we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between "fight" or "flight" and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme, but however little the stress is, it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long, through continued exposure to stress, that health becomes endangered. Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress. Since we cannot remove stress from our lives (it would be unwise to do so even if we could), we need to find ways to deal with it.                                                              

46.People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because_____.                                                 

       A.they do not know how to enjoy themselves

       B.they do not believe that relaxation is important for health

       C.they are travelling fast all the time

       D.they are becoming busier with their work

47.According to the writer, the most important character for a good manager is his ________.

       A.not fearing stress                              B.knowing the art of relaxation

       C.high sense of responsibility                D.having control over performance

48.Which of the following statements is true?

       A.We can find some ways to avoid stress.

       B.Stress is always harmful to people.

       C.It is easy to change the habit of keeping oneself busy with work.

       D.Different people can withstand different amounts of stress.

49.In the last sentence of the passage, "do so " refers to ______.

       A."expose ourselves to stress"

       B."find ways to deal with stress"

       C."remove stress from our lives"

       D."established links between diseases and stress"

Sometimes I really doubt whether there is love between my parents. Every day they are very busy trying to  26  in order to pay the high tuition for my brother and me. They don’t act in the  27  ways that I read in books or I see on TV. In their opinion, “I love you” is too  28  for them to say. Sending flowers to each other on Valentine’s Day is even more out of   29  .

One day, my mother was sewing a quilt. I sat down beside her. “Mom, I have a question to ask you. Is there  30  between you and Dad?” I asked her in a very low voice. She didn’t answer immediately. She  31 her head and continued to sew the quilt.

I was very worried because I thought I had  32  her. I was  33  and I didn’t know what I should do. But at last I heard my mother say the following words:

“Susan,” she said thoughtfully, “Look at this thread．Sometimes it  34  , but most of it disappears in the quilt. The thread really makes the quilt   35  . If life is a quilt, then love should be a thread．It can hardly be seen     36  , but it’s really there. Love is  37 .”

I listened carefully but I  38  her until the next spring. At that time, my father suddenly  39  seriously. My mother had to stay with him in the hospital for a month. When they returned from the hospital, they both looked  40 . It seemed both of them had had a serious illness. After they were back, every day in the morning and dusk, my mother helped my father   41  on the country road．

“Dad, how are you feeling now?” I asked him one day.

“Susan, don’t  42  me.” he said gently. “To tell you the truth, I just like walking with your mom.”  43  his eyes, I know he loves my mother deeply.

Once I thought love meant flowers, gifts and  44 . But from this experience, I understand that love is just  45  in the quilt of our life. Love is inside, making life strong and warm.

Three days after Mrs White’s _______ necklace was found, she was _____ it.

   A. lost; robbed                        B. missed; robbed of

   C. missing; robbed of                   D. lost; robbed  

He will stop showing off, if no notice _________of him.      

   A. is taken        B. will be taken    C. takes        D. has taken

– Can we get the computer before Wednesday?

   – _____. If it is 30 kilometers, we can make it, but if farther away, it will be on Thursday.

   A. I don't know for sure             B. Well, that all depends 

   C. It's up to you, sir                D. There's no need to rush

 Li Ming is said ______ the experiment in the lab, but I can’t find him there.

   A. to have done    B. to do         C. to be doing    D. doing