(05·上海A篇)

You either have it, or you don’t—a sense of direction, that is. But why is it that some people could find their way across the Sahara without a map, while others can lose themselves in the next street?

Scientists say we’re all born with a sense of direction, but it is not properly understood how it works. One theory is that people with a good sense of direction have simply worked harder at developing it. Research being carried out at Liverpool University supports this idea and suggests that if we don’t use is, we lose it.

“Children as young as seven have the ability to find their way around,” says Jim Martland, Research Director of the project. “However, if they are not allowed out alone or are taken everywhere by car, they never develop the skills.”

Jim Martland also emphasizes that young people should be taught certain skills to improve their sense of direction. He makes the following suggestions:

●If you are using a map, turn it so it relates to the way you are facing.

●If you leave your bike in a strange place, put it near something like a big stone or a tree. Note landmarks on the route as you go away from your bike. When you return, go back along the same route.

●Simplify the way of finding your direction by using lines such as streets in a town, streams, or walls in the countryside to guide you. Count your steps so that you know how far you have gone and note any landmarks such as tower blocks or hills which can help to find out where you are.

Now you need never get lost again!

65. Scientists believe that_______.

A. some babies are born with a sense of direction.

B. people learn a sense of direction as they grow older

C. people never lose their sense of direction

D. everybody possesses a sense of direction from birth

66. What is true of seven-year-old children according to the passage?

   A. They never have a sense of direction without maps

   B. They should never be allowed out alone if they lack a sense of direction

   C. They have a sense of direction and can find their way around

   D. They can develop a good sense of direction if they are driven around in a car.

67. If you leave your bike in a strange place, you should ________.

   A. tie it to a tree so as to prevent it from being stolen

   B. draw a map of the route to help remember where it is

   C. avoid taking the same route when you come back to it

   D. remember something easily recognizable on the route

68. According to the passage, the best way to find your way around is to ________.

   A. ask policemen for directions.

   B. use walls, streams, and streets to guide yourself

   C. remember your route by looking out for steps and stairs

   D. count the number of landmarks that you see

 (05·天津B篇)

Lack of parent willpower may contribute more to juvenile obesity than under-exercising or

overeating.

Research suggests that having overweight parents is a big, influence ( 影响) upon a child' s

weight, with one study finding that children with overweight parents were four times more likely to be overweight themselves.

The findings add heat to an already fierce political debate （争论） over childhood obesity. The Prime Minister, John Howard, last week decided that $116 million be Used for programs to deal with obesity, while the Opposition Leader, Mark Latham, recently announced that his party would move to protect children from unhealthy food advertisements..

Clare Colins a senior lecturer at the University of Newcastle, believes such programs will definitely fail unless they influence the way of life of whole families. "If we can' t get parents to take action against their own weight problems, then we can' t expect to influence their kids," she said.

However, Professor, Louise Baur from the Children’ s Hospital at Westmead, doubts whether

adult education programs offer any solution to weight problems. "Many parents know they need to lose weight and they knew it influences their kids, but they lack the willpower to do anything about it.

The, l0-year study of 150 American children found two-thirds of children with overweight parents became overweight. Only one in six children whose parents were of average weight became overweight.  

The president of the Australasian Society for the .Study of Obesity, Associate Professor Gary

Wittert, said parents needed help in doing their job and the Opposition Party’s policy（政策） might be on the right track.

"We know that driving without a seat belt is unsafe, so we make law against it,” he said.

"Obesity is a major public health concern, so why shouldn’t we change the law regarding unhealthy food ads?"

39. What does the underlined phrase “juvenile obesity” mean?

A. Adult education. B. Childhood overweight C. Parents’ influence D. Growing pains

40. What is TRUE about the programs supported by the Prime Minister?

A. Debates on them will become less fierce.

B. They will be effective in dealing with obesity.

C. A large sum of money will be spent on them.

D. They will influence people' s way of life.

41.Both Collins and Baur believe that overweight parents_______,

A. will come up with .better solutions

B. will help with their children' s education

C. should be more active in reducing weight

D. should carry out at least 10 years' study

42. According to some experts, the Opposition Party's policy________.

A. can help fight against unemployment

B. may protect kids from unhealthy food ads

C. should be brought back to the right track

D. will work well to prevent traffic accidents

 (05·天津A篇)

Everyone’s at it , even my neighbors. I thought I might be the only person left in the world who hadn't done an eBay deal. So, I decided to try my hand at online auction(网上拍卖).Buying for beginners: Sign up on www. ehay. co. uk. Most items ( e. g. tables, computers, and books) ready for auction will come with a picture and a short description; others may be marked with "Buy It Now" and have a fixed price. You can buy these right away.

     If the item is being auctioned, you offer the. highest price you are prepared to pay and eBay bids (出价') for you. The bid will be increased little by little until it goes beyond your highest bid, then you are emailed and asked if you would like to bid again. Auctions last up to 10 days and when they finish you get an email telling you whether you have won the item.

How to pay: Sellers decide how they would like to be paid and you need to check this before

placing a bid as you might not want to post a cheque or postal orders. The easiest way is through PayPal, an online payment system that takes the money away from your credit card (信用).

Selling made simple: If you plan to sell on eBay, it helps to include a picture of the item. I

followed my friends' advice and put up the items I wanted to sell for a 10-day auction, starring on a Thursday. This way buyers had two weekends to bid.

The big things in life: It' s easy to post a small item, but furniture is a big part of eBay and this

has to be collected or sent by deliverymen. Cheek the ways of delivery before you bid.

36. What is the passage mainly about?

    A. How to make payment online.

    B. Ways of making delivery online

    C. Advantages of an online-auction system.

    D. How to use an online-auction system.

37. After bidding for an item, a buyer

    A. will get what he wants in ten days

    B. should make payment immediately

    C. has chances to make higher bids   '

    D. may check its picture and description

38. The easiest way of making payment mentioned in the passage is

    A. through an online payment system

    B. through a local banking system

    C. by sending the money to the seller

D. by paying the dallvex3rman directly

 (05·北京E篇)

 

   pavement: 人行道

   swerve: 突然转向

   insurance: 保险

73．What does Passage ① tell us about the boy?

       A．He was injured in the head when he was 14.

       B．He has waited for the payout for a long time.

       C．He has lived in the same place since the accident.

       D．He was run over by a taxi when riding on the pavement.

74．What can we learn about Lee and Collier counties from Passage ②?

       A．They both became safe places.

       B．They won the same place in a race.

       C．They had the same number of accidents.

       D．They joined hands in reducing accidents.

75．Which passage would give more information on the prevention of road accidents?

       A．①                      B．②                       C．③                      D．④

 (05·北京B篇)

Good tool design is important in the prevention of overuse injuries. Well – designed tools and equipment will require less force to operate them and prevent awkward（别扭的）hand positions. They will allow the worker to keep the elbows（肘）next to the body to prevent damage to the shoulder and arm.

Overuse injuries can therefore be prevented or reduced if the employer provides, and workers use:

●power tools rather than having to use muscle（肌肉）power

●tools with specially designed handles that allow the wrist（手腕）to keep straight

 (See Figure 1). This means that hands and wrists are kept in the same position as they would be if they were hanging relaxed at a person’s side

 

Figure l. Bend the tool, not the wrist

●tools with handles that can be held comfortably by the whole hand. This means having a selection of sizes – remember that tools that provide a comfortable firm hold for a person with a very large hand may be awkward for someone with a very small hand. This is a particularly important consideration for women who may use tools originally designed for men.

●tools that do not press fingers (or flesh) between the handles, and whose handles do not have sharp edges or a small surface area.

60．What is the best title for the passage?

       A．Good Tool Design for Women.

       B．Importance of Good Tool Design.

       C．Tool Design and Prevention of Injuries.

       D．Overuse of Tools and Worker Protection.

61．Which of the following describes a well-designed tool?

       A．It’s kept close to the body.                    B．It fully uses muscle power.

       C．It makes users feel relaxed                    D．It’s operated with less force.

62．What is Figure 1 used to show?

       A．The effective use of the tool.

       B．The way of operating the tool.

       C．The proper design of the handle.

       D．The purpose of bending the wrist.

63．In choosing tools for women, _________ of the handle is the most important.

       A．the size               B．the edge              C．the shape             D．the position

 (05·全国Ⅱ、全国ⅢE篇)

Last year my sixth-grader daughter ,Elizabeth ,was forced to put up with science .Her education week after week ,contained mindless memorization of big words like “batholith” and “saprophyte” She learned by heart the achievements of famous scientists who did things like “improved nuclear fu-sion（核聚变） “—never mind that she hasn’t the least idea of what nuclear fusion means .Eliza—beth did very well (she’s good at memorizing things ). And now she hates science .My eighth-grad-er son ,Ben ,also suffered from science education . Week after week he had to perform lab experiments with answers already known .Ben figured out how to guess the right answers ,so he got good grades .Now he hates science ,too.

       Science can provide an exciting way to develop children’s curiosity .Science education should teach ways to ask questions and week answers .But my children got the mistaken idea in school than science is difficult dull and has no relation to their everyday interests .

       As a physicist ,I am saddened and angered to see “the great science turnoff” I know that science is important in our lives .Yet studies prove that our schools are turning out millions of graduates who know almost nothing about and have almost no interest in science .What’s gone wrong ?Who is to blame ?

58．We learn from paragraph 1 that           .

A．the writer was proud of Elizabeth and Ben

B．both Elizabeth and Ben could become scientists

C．Elizabeth had to learn much about great scientists

D．Ben was good at trying new ideas in lab experiments

59．The writer thinks that in science education we should first        .

A．get students interested in the subject

B．answer students’ questions in delightful ways.

C．smooth out difficulties in lab experiments

D．explain the special terms clearly

60．By writing the text ,the author questions          .

A．the difficulty level of the science texts

B．the way science is taught in school

C．the achievements of famous scientists

D．students’ poor records in science classes

 (05·全国ⅠD篇)

As any homemaker who has tried to keep order at the dinner table knows, there is far more to

a family meal than food. Sociologist Michael Lewis has been studying 50 families to find out

just how much more.
Lewis and his co-workers carried out their study by videotaping(录像) the families while

they ate ordinary meals in their own homes. They found that parents with small families talk actively with each othes Ner and their children. But as the number of children gets larger, conversation gives way to the parents’ efforts to control the loud noise they make. That can have an important effect on the children. “In general the more question-asking the parents do, the higher the children’s IQ scores,” Lewis says. “And the more children there are, the less question-asking there is. ”
   The study also provides an explanation for why middle children often seem to have a harder time in life than their siblings(兄弟姐妹). Lewis found that in families with three or four children, dinner conversation is likely to center on the oldest child, who has the most to talk about, and the youngest, who needs the most attention. “Middle children are invisible,” says Lewis. “When you see someone get up from the table and walk around during dinner, chances are it’s the middle child. ” There is, however, one thing that stops all conversation and prevents anyone from having attention: “When the TV is on,” Lewis says, “dinner is a non-event. ”
66. The writer’s purpose in writing the text is to ______.
   A. show the relationship between parents and children
   B. teach parents ways to keep order at the dinner table
   C. report on the findings of a study
   D. give information about family problems
67. Parents with large families ask fewer questions at dinner because ______.
   A. they are busy serving food to their children
   B. they are busy keeping order at the dinner table
   C. they have to pay more attention to younger children
   D. they are tired out having prepared food for the whole family
68. By saying “Middle children are invisible” in paragraph 3, Lewis means that middle children

 ______.

A. have to help their parents to serve dinner
B. get the least attention from the family
C. are often kept away from the dinner table
D. find it hard to keep up with other children

69. Lewis’ research provides an answer to the question ______.
A. why TV is important in family life
B. why parents should keep good order
C. why children in small families seem to be quieter
D. why middle children seem to have more difficulties in life

70. Which of the following statements would the writer agree to?
A. It is important to have the right food for children.
B. It is a good idea to have the TV on during dinner.
C. Parents should talk to each of their children frequently.
D. Elder children should help the younger ones at dinner

 (05·全国ⅠA篇)

Pet owners are being encouraged to take their animals to work, a move scientists say can be

good for productivity, workplace morale (士气), and the well-being of animals.
A study found that 25% of Australian women would like to keep an office pet. Sue Chaseling

of Petcare information Service said the practice of keeping office pets was good both for the people and the pets. “On the pets’ side, They are not left on their own and won’t feel lonely and unhappy,” she said. A study of major US companies showed that 73% found office pets beneficial (有益的), while 27% experienced a drop in absenteeism (缺勤).
  Xarni Riggs has two cats walking around her Global Hair Salon in Paddington. “My customers love them. they are their favorites, ” she said. “They are not troublesome. They know when to go and have a sleep in the sun. ”
  Little black BJ has spent nearly all his two years “working” at Punch Gallery in Balmain. Owner Iain Powell said he had had cats at the gallery for 15 years. “BJ often lies in the shop window and people walking past tap on the glass, ” he said.
  Ms Chaseling said cats were popular in service industries because they enabled a point of conversation. But she said owners had to make sure both their co-workers and the cats were comfortable.
56.The percentage of American companies that are in favor of keeping office pets is_______.
A. 73%                 B. 27%                   C. 25%                 D. 15%
57. We know from the text that “BJ” _______.
A. works in the Global Hair Salon        B. often greets the passers-by

C. likes to sleep in the sun                   D. is a two-year-old cat
58. The best title for this text would be_______.
A. Pets Help Attract Customers           B. Your Favorite Office Pets
C. Pets Join the Workforce                  D. Busy Life for Pets

 (06·辽宁E篇)

Important change took place in the lives of women in the 19th century. When men went out from their farms to cities to seek jobs in industry, peasant women had to take over the sowing, growing, and harvesting of the fields as well as caring for cattle and raising their children. When women also moved to the cities in search of work, they found that it was increasingly. Separated by sex and that employment opportunities for women were limited to the lower-paid jobs. Later in the century, women in industry gathered mainly in cloth-making factories, though some worked in mining or took similarly difficult and tiring jobs.

In the 1800s, service work also absorbed（吸纳）a great number of women who arrived in the cities from the country. Young women especially took jobs as servants in middle-class and upper-class homes; and as more and more men were drawn into industry, domestic service（家庭服务）became increasingly a female job. In the second half of the century, however, chances of other service work also opened up to women, from sales jobs in shops to teaching and nursing. These jobs came to be done mainly by women and low paid.

For thousands of years, when almost all work was done on the family farm or in the family firm（家庭作坊），home and workplace had been the same, In these cases, women could do farm work or hand work, and perform home duties such as child care and preparation of meals at the same time, Along with the development of industry, the central workplace, however, such as the factory and the department store, separated home from work, Faced with the necessity for women to choose between home and workplace, Western society began to give particular attention to the role of women as homemakers with more energy than ever before.

72. We learn from the first paragraph that ______  had been done chiefly by men before they went to cities to seek jobs.

A. mining, teaching, and nursing

B. sewing clothes and mining

C. sowing, growing, and harvesting

D. caring for cattle and growing crops

73. Domestic service because a female job mainly because_______.

A. more and more women began to work in domestic service

B. women mainly worked as servants, nurses, and miners

C. service and industrial jobs absorbed more women than men

D. women enjoyed working as sellers, teachers, and miners

75. This passage is about ______  in the 19th century.

A. service and industry                       B. female and male jobs

C. women and their work                   D. female jobs and the pay

 (06·辽宁D篇)

Collecting information about pre-employment and filling out an application form（申请表）are closely connected, However, filling out an application form is much easier because you have total control and have enough time to think and plan.

That you are given a form to fill out does not necessarily mean that you have to answer all the questions in it. If the form contains unclear questions or terms and conditions, you can make some changes before signing（签约）it, or refuse to answer some of the questions. What you must realize is that those terms and conditions have been written by highly paid lawyers. Each word is important, or it would not be there; and you can be sure that there is not anything there that is written with your interests in mind.

I know what I speak of because, as a lawyer for Litton Industries. I wrote the terms and conditions that were printed on the back of order forms, I wrote the most tiring terms and conditions anyone has ever seen. Still, 90 percent of the buyers would just sign on them without questioning anything. If anyone questioned them, we would reach an agreement on something that was acceptable to both sides.

So when you see a preprinted application that contains questions or terms and conditions, read it all and read it slowly. If you don’t like something, you can simply change the parts you don’t like, Remember that everything can be settled by discussion. To what degree it can be settled depends on your position（立场）,of course, and that is something only you can determine.

68. Filling out application forms is much “easier” because_______.

A. everything connected with application forms is easier

B. it is easier to collect information about pre-employment

C. you can plan and have control of the needed time

D. you can control the form filling with enough time

69. We can learn from the underlined part “Each word is important” that _______.

A. everything in a form must be read carefully

B. questions in a form must be answered

C. the conditions that interest you are changeable

D. something of your interests is most important

70. The writer points out with an example that the side who will sign a form _______.

A. it depends on your position to settle everything in a form

B. questions in a form are more important than your position 

C. you have little right to determine the conditions you like most

D. you must change a preprinted application before it is discussed

71.It can be inferred from the 4th paragraph that_______.

   A. it depends on your position to settle everything in a form

   B. questions in a form are more imoortant

   C. you have little right to determine the contions you like most

   D. you must change a preprinted applicationbefore it is discussed