The Channel Islands are a group of British-owned islands lying in the English Channel, 10 to 30 miles off the French coast, and 70 to 90 miles from the English coast. There are ten islands with a total land area of 75 square miles and a total population of 123,000. The three largest islands, Jersey, Guernsey, and Alderney, have long been known for the fine breeds (品种) of cattle that are raised on them and named after them.

　　In earliest known history the islands were considered part of Normandy, which was part of France, but the ruler of Normandy became king of England in 1066, and from then on the islands were looked upon as British land. English control was unbroken until World War II, when the Germans held the islands for five years.

　　Although people on the islands speak both languages and they are considered English, their customs are more French than English.

61. Which of the following maps gives the right position of the Channel Islands?

　　Br = Britain 　　 　　Fr = France 　　　　Ch = Channel Islands

 62. Jersey, Guernsey, and Alderney breeds of cattle are __________.

　　A. considered best in England

　　B. named after their birthplaces

　　C. brought to the islands by the Germans

　　D. raised on well-known farms by the French

63. The Channel Islands have been continuously under British rule since__________.

　　A. earliest known history         B. 1066

　　C. 1930s                      D. the end of World War II

64. Why do people on the Channel Islands follow French way of living?

　　A. Their islands used to be part of France.

　　B. Their islands are often visited by the French.

　　C. They came from France.

　　D. They speak French. 

If you ask people to name one person who had the greatest effect on the English language, you will get answers like “Shakespeare,” “Samuel Johnson,” and “Webster,” but none of these men had any effect at all compared to a man who didn’t even speak English—William the Conqueror.

Before 1066, in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups. In the west-central region lived the Welsh, who spoke a Celtic language, and in the north lived the Scots, whose language, though not the same as Welsh, was also Celtic. In the rest of the country lived the Saxons, actually a mixture of Anglos, Saxons, and other Germanic and Nordic peoples, who spoke what we now call Anglo-Saxon (or Old English), a Germanic language. If this state of affairs had lasted, English today would be close to German.

But this state of affairs did not last. In 1066 the Normans led by William defeated the Saxons and began their rule over England. For about a century, French became the official language of England while Old English became the language of peasants. As a result, English words of politics and the law come from French rather than German. In some cases, modern English even shows a distinction (区别) between upper-class French and lower-class Anglo-Saxon in its words. We even have different words for some foods, meat in particular, depending on whether it is still out in the fields or at home ready to be cooked, which shows the fact that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming, while the upper-class Normans were doing most of the eating.

When Americans visit Europe for the first time, they usually find Germany more “foreign” than France because the German they see on signs and advertisements seems much more different from English than French does. Few realize that the English language is actually Germanic in its beginning and that the French influences are all the result of one man’s ambition.

70. The two major languages spoken in what is now called Great Britain before 1066 were

 ________.

A. Welsh and Scottish          B. Nordic and Germanic

C. Celtic and Old English            D. Anglo-Saxon and Germanic

71. Which of the following groups of words are, by inference, rooted in French?

A. president, lawyer, beef            B. president, bread, water

C. bread, field, sheep        D. folk, field, cow

72. Why does France appear less foreign than Germany to Americans on their first visit to

 Europe?

A. Most advertisements in France appear in English.

B. They know little of the history of the English language.

C. Many French words are similar to English ones.

D. They know French better than German.

73. What is the subject discussed in the text?

A. The history of Great Britain.   

B. The similarity between English and French.

C. The rule of England by William the Conqueror.     

D. The French influences on the English language.

Agnes Miller was one of the earliest leaders of the Women’s Liberation Movement in the United States. She was born on a farm in Missouri in 1892. Strangely enough she had a very happy life as a child. She was the only daughter and the youngest child of five. Her parents and her brothers always treated her as their favorite.

In 1896 the family moved to Chicago. Three years later they moved back to St. Louis where Agnes spent the rest of her childhood. She enjoyed her years in school and was an excellent student of mathematics. She also was quite skillful as a painter.

It was when Agnes went off to college that she first learned that women were not treated as equals. She didn’t like being treated unequally but she tried not to notice it. After graduating from college she tried to get a job in her major field—physics. She soon found it was almost impossible for a woman.

Agnes spent a full year looking for a job. Finally she gave up in anger. She began writing letters of anger to various newspapers. An editor in New York liked her ideas very much. He specially liked her style. He asked her to do a series of stories on the difficulties that women had in finding a job. And there she began her great fight for equal rights for women.

65. Where did Agnes spend her childhood?

   A. Missouri.     B. Chicago.     C. New York.     D. St. Louis and Chicago.

66. At school, Agnes was good at      .

   A. physics and painting      B. maths and painting

   C. writing and maths        D. physics and writing

67. What happened in Agnes’s life when she was in college?

   A. She learned to accept the fact that men and women were unequal.

   B. She learned that it was impossible for a woman to be a scientist.

   C. She came to know of the inequality between men and women.

   D. She developed her personal way of writing.

Despite the fact that it has never been seen almost everyone is familiar with the legendary unicorn(独角兽). Descriptions of unicorns have been found dating from ancient times. The great philosopher Aristotle theorized that there were two types of unicorn--- the so-called Indian Ass and the Oryx, a kind of antelope. Unicorns are often used in the logo of a noble family, town council or university as their special sign. Even Scotland is represented by a unicorn.

   According to the legend, anyone attempting to catch a unicorn had to be extremely careful as it was very fierce and dangerous. A clever trick suggested by unicorn-trappers, in order to catch this amazing animal without being hurt by its horn, was for the hunter to stand in front of a tree and then to move quickly behind it as the unicorn dashed angrily. Hopefully, the creature could then be caught when its horn was stuck in the tree.

    When hollowed out and used as a drinking-cup, the unicorn’s horn was said to have the power to offer protection against person. It was believed that nobody could be harmed-by drinking the contents of a unicorn’s horn. Right up until the French Revolution in 1789, the French court was said to have used cups made of “unicorn” horn in order to protect the king. In addition, the horn was said to have medicinal value, so much so that it could be sold for more than ten times the price of the same weight of gold. What, then, was “unicorn” horn? We know at times the rhino(犀牛) was confused with this legendary creature. A drinking-cup supposedly made of “unicorn” horn was discovered to be made of the horn of a rhino.

    51. Which of the following is TRUE of the unicorn?

   A. It was not historically recorded       

   B. Its horn was first used in France

    C. It was similar to the Indian Ass and the Oryx         

    D. It could be the symbol of a university

   52. To catch a unicorn, the unicorn-trappers had to try all of the following EXCEPT ____.

  A. attracting the unicorn to attack         

  B. making use of the tree as a defense

   C. hiding quickly behind the unicorn        

   D. having the unicorn horn stuck in the tree

53. The last paragraph is mainly about ____.

  A. the functions of the unicorn horn         

  B. the users of the unicorn horn

   C. the price of the unicorn horn        

   D. the comparison between the unicorn horn and the rhino horn

History books tell us that the city of Rome was set up in 152 B.C..It’s a fact, however, that by

100 A.D., Rome was the center of a big empire（帝国）.It was from Syria in the east to Spain in the west, from Britain in the north to Africa in the south. All or part of 27 of today’s countries were included in the Roman Empire. All of their people were ruled by one government, that of Rome. All educated people spoke the same language, Latin. And one of the empire’s outposts（前哨）was called Londinium. This unimportant town would later become London, England, and the center of another empire.

       The Roman Empire came to an end about 1500 years ago. Yet in some ways it is still with us. Take the letters you are reading, for example, English, like many other languages, uses the Roman alphabet（字母）while also borrowing many words. The laws of many European countries are based on ancient Roman laws. Roman ruins are seen throughout Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East. In some places, Roman roads and water courses are still in use. To this day, and European in North Africa is likely to be called“Roumi”—Roman. Even modern place names are often after Ancient Rome. Both Greece and Germany have the names given by the Romans rather than the names that their own people first called them.

67．The most northern part of the Roman Empire was       .

       A．Spain       B．Africa      C．Syria D．Britain

68．The main idea of paragraph 2 is that Roman culture is       .

       A．dead and gone         B．based completely on language

       C．still part of the present    D．unimportant to history

69．In the days of the Empire, the Roman government was probably       .

       A．strong      B．divided     C．weak D．poor

70．What happened first?

       A．Londinium was an outpost      B．The Roman Empire fell apart

       C．The city of Rome was founded       D．London became the center of an empire

71．Which of the following is not true?

       A．In Europe people still use Roman names in some places.

       B．Londinium became the center of an empire after Roman Empire fell apart.

       C．We may see some remaining parts of Roman Empire in North Africa.

       D．In Europe 27 countries had the same laws.

Tea drinking was common in China for nearly one thousand years before anyone in Europe had ever heard about tea. People in Britain were much slower in finding out what tea was like, mainly because tea was very expensive. It could not be bought in shops and even those people who could afford to have it sent from Holland did so only because it was a fashionable curiosity. Some of them were not sure how to use it. They thought it was a vegetable and tried cooking the leaves. Then they served them mixed with butter and salt. They soon discovered their mistake but many people used to spread the used tea leaves on bread and give them to their children as sandwiches.

     Tea remained rare and very expensive in England until the ships of the East India Company began to bring it direct from China early in the seventeenth century. During the next few years so much tea came into the country that the price fell and many people could afford to buy it.

     At the same time people on the Continent were becoming more and more fond of tea. Until then tea had been drunk without milk in it, but one day a famous French lady named Madame de Sevigne decided to see what tea tasted like when milk was added. She found it so pleasant that she would never again drink it without milk. Because she was such a great lady her friends thought they must copy everything she did, so they also drank their tea with milk in it. Slowly this habit spread until it reached England and today only very few Britons drink tea without milk.

At first, tea was usually drunk after dinner in the evening. No one ever thought of drinking tea in the afternoon until a duchess(公爵夫人)found that a cup of tea and a piece of cake at three or four o’ clock stopped her getting “a sinking feeling” as she called it. She invited her friends to have this new meal with her and so, tea-time was born.

59. Which of the following is true of the introduction of tea into Britain?

   A. The Britons got expensive tea from India.

   B. Tea reached Britain from Holland.

   C. The Britons were the first people in Europe who drank tea.

   D. It was not until the 17^th century that the Britons had tea.

60. This passage mainly discusses ____________ .

   A. the history of tea drinking in Britain

   B. how tea became a popular drink in Britain

   C. how the Britons got the habit of drinking tea

   D. how tea-time was born

61. Tea became a popular drink in Britain____________.

A. in the eighteenth century           B. in the sixteenth century

C. in the seventeenth century          D. in the late seventeenth century

62. We may infer from the passage that the habit of drinking tea in Britain was mostly due to the influence of _________.

    A. a famous French lady      B. the ancient Chinese

    C. the upper social class      D. people in Holland

Antarctica is the southernmost place on Earth, and it is larger than the United Sates and 95% of it is covered with ice. The ice is 5 kilometers thick at places and it never melts. At least that is what we thought, but let us keep it that way for now.

The ice seems to be alive as it works its way towards the sea. It forms an ice shelf over the water. The edge breaks away from the shelf and falls into the sea. From here it drifts. Now big pieces of ice become icebergs that can be 160 km long. They now drift north until they finally melt and become part of the ocean. This process is part of a bigger process which in turn forms a cooling system for Earth. This is so important that no country is allowed to control this area. The treaty (agreement) signed by 12 countries at first and later joined by more, was to prevent any country harming the planet with irresponsible behavior.

The treaty basically states that:

Antarctica can be used for peaceful purposes only.

No country may build a military base there.

No country may do a nuclear test there.

No country may dump nuclear waste there.

Scientists working there will share their information.

Some other rules are there to protect the penguins and seals.

No dogs may run loose.

No planes may land near large groups of animals.

No guns, explosives, or tractors may be used near the animals.

Most important is that every member can inspect any of the other bases if he suspects that the treaty rules are being broken.

While the treaty is not foolproof（万无一失的）, it does play a very important part in the protection of Antarctica. The more people realize the effects that pollution has on this continent, the bigger the pressure will be on Governments to change the way they look at pollution.

69. Why was it important to sign a treaty for Antarctica?

A. Because the ice on Antarctica will finally melt into the ocean.

B. Because Antarctica is covered with 5 kilometers thick ice.

C. Because Antarctica balances the temperature of Earth.

D. Because there are many big icebergs in Antarctica.

70. What is the process of the movement of ice in Antarctica?

A. Ice shelf---sea water---iceberg---ice.

B. Sea water---ice---iceberg---ice shelf.

C. Iceberg---ice shelf---ice---sea water.

D. Ice---ice shelf---iceberg---sea water.

71. What is included in the Antarctica treaty?

A. There is no secret research information in Antarctica.

B. Dogs are not allowed to be raised in Antarctica.

C. Waste can’t be thrown away in Antarctica.

D. People can’t bring their guns to Antarctica.

The year was 1932. Amelia Earhart was flying alone from North America to England in a small one-engine airplane. At midnight, several hours after she had left Newfoundland, she ran into bad weather. To make things worse, her altimetre failed. (The altimetre shows the height of the plane above the ground.) At night and in a storm, a pilot is in great difficulty without an altimetre. At times, her plane nearly plunged into the Atlantic Ocean.

Just before daylight, there was further trouble. Amelia noticed flames coming from the engine. Would she be able to reach land? There was nothing to do except to keep going and to hope.

Amelia Earhart did reach Ireland, and for the courage she had shown, she was warmly welcomed in England and the rest of Europe. When she returned to the United States, she was honoured by President Hoover at a special dinner in the White House. From that time on, Amelia Earhart became famous.

What was so important about her flight? Amelia Earhart was the first woman to fly across the Atlantic Ocean alone, and she set a record of fourteen hours and fifty-six minutes.

64. Amelia’s flight was important because __________________________________.

   A. Amelia Earhart was a woman pilot

   B. Amelia Earhart set a record for the flight

   C. Amelia Earhart was the first woman to fly across the Atlantic alone

   D. Amelia Earhart was able to overcome the difficulties during the flight

65. The underlined part “further trouble” in the second paragraph refers to _______________.

   A. the weather’s becoming worse and worse

   B. her plane’s nearly plunging into the ocean

   C. her plane’s running out of oil in a short time

   D. the flames’ coming from the only engine

66. Amelia’s successful flight proved that _______________________________.

   A. women can set new records in every field

   B. women can do things that men have done

   C. men and women are treated equal now

   D. women pilots are more successful than men pilots

67. The best title for this passage would be __________________________.

   A. Heroine Amelia Earhart                   B. A Successful Pilot

   C. A Dangerous Flight                       D. A Record Holder

What exactly is a lie ?Is it anything we say which we know is untrue ?Or is it something more than that ?For example, suppose a friend wants to borrow some money from you. You say “I wish I could help you, but I am short of money myself.” In fact , you are not short of money but your friend is in the habit of not paying his debts and you don’t want to hurt his feelings by reminding him of this. Is this really a lie ?

Professor Jerald Jellison of the University of southern California has made a scientific study of lying. According to him, women are better liars than men, particularly when telling a “white lie”, such as when a woman at a party tells another woman that she likes her dress when she really thinks it’s terrible. However, this is only one side of the story. Other researchers say that men are more likely to tell more serious lies, such as making a promise that they have no intention of carrying out. This is the kind of lie politicians and businessmen are supposed to be particularly skilled at :the lie from which the liar hopes to profit or gain in some way.

Research has been done into the way people’s behavior changes in a number of small, unimportant ways when they lie. It has been found that if they are sitting down at the time, they tend to move about in their chairs more than usual. To the trained observer they are saying “I wish I were somewhere else now”. They also tend to touch certain parts of the face, particularly the nose. One explanation of this may be that lying causes a slight increase in blood pressure. The tip of the nose  is very sensitive to changes and the increased pressure makes it itch.

Another gesture that gives liars away is what the writer Decmond Morris in his book Man Watching calls the “mouth cover”. He says that there are several typical forms of this ,such as covering part of the mouth with the fingers, touching the upper lip or putting a finger of the hand at one side off the mouth. Such a gesture can be understood as an unconscious(未察觉的) attempt on the part of the liar to stop himself from lying.

Of course, such gestures as rubbing the nose or covering the mouth , moving about in a chair can not be taken as proof that the speaker is lying. They simply tend to happen more often in this situation. It is one gesture alone that gives the liar away but a whole number of things , and in particular the context(上下文) which the lie is told.

66.According to the passage, a white lie seems to be a lie ______.

A. that other people believe   

B. that other people don’t believe

C. told in order not to hurt someone’s feelings

D. told in order to take advantage of someone

67.Research suggests that women _____.

A. are better at telling less serious lies than men

B. generally lie for more than men do

C. often make promises they intend to break

D. lie at parties more often than men do

68.Researchers find that when a person tells lies _____.

A. his blood pressure increases measurably

B. he looks very serious

C. he is likely to make some small changes in his behavior

D. he uses his unconscious mind

69.The writer of the passage______.

A. hates lying      B. enjoys lying           C. often tells a lie        D. tries to study about lying

70. Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage as a sign of lying ?

A. Touching one’s ears                                    B. Rubbing the nose 

C. Moving in a chair                               D. Covering the mouth

Britons Learn to Forgive

LEEDS, England ─ A Leeds University psychology (心理学) professor is teaching a course to help dozens of Britons forgive their enemies.

“The hatred we hold within us is a cancer,” Professor Ken Hart said, adding that holding in anger can lead to problems such as high blood pressure and heart disease.

More than 70 people have become members in Hart’s first 20-week workshop in London ─ a course he says is the first of its kind in the world.

These are people who are sick and tired of living with a memory. They realize their bitterness is a poison they think they can pour out, but they end up drinking it themselves, said Canadian-born Hart.

The students meet in groups of eight to ten for a two-hour workshop with an adviser every fortnight.

The course, ending in July, is expected to get rid of the cancer of hatred in these people. “People have lots of negative attitudes towards forgiveness,” he said, “People confuse forgiveness with forgetting. Forgiveness means changing from a negative attitude to a positive one.”

Hart and his team have created instructions to provide the training needed.

“The main idea is to give you guidelines on how to look at various kinds of angers and how they affect you, and how to change your attitudes towards the person you are angry with,” said Norman Claringbull, a senior expert on the forgiveness project.

Hart said he believes forgiveness is a skill that can be taught, as these people “want to get free of the past”.

59. From this passage we know that _________.

A. high blood pressure and heart disease are caused by hatred

B. high blood pressure can only be cured by psychology professors

C. without hatred, people will have less trouble connected with blood pressure and heart

D. people who suffer from high blood pressure and heart disease must have many enemies

60. In Hart’s first 20-week workshop, people there can ________.

A. meet their enemies                  　B. change their attitudes towards bitterness

C. enjoy the professor’s speech                  　D. learn how to quarrel with others

61. If you are a member in Hart’s workshop, you’ll ________.

A. pay much money to Hart             　B. go to the workshop every night

C. attend a gathering twice a month        　D. pour out everything stored in your mind

62. The author wrote this passage in order to ________.

A. persuade us to go to Hart’s workshop   　B. tell us the news about Hart’s workshop

C. tell us how to run a workshop like Hart’s       　D. help us to look at various kinds of angers