请写一篇短文，阐述水在人们生活及工业中的重要性。

  1、没有水，人与动物怎么办？

  2、缺水问题越来越严重。原因是人口增长；工、农业发展；污染。

  3、应采取措施，解决缺水问题；充分利用；避免污染；净化雨水或海水。

词数：100左右

生词：净化purify；缺水water shortage；污染pollute；采取措施take measures

Do you know that you can use your watch as compass（指南针）on a sunny day? Look at the watch which is on your hand and point the hour hand in the direction of the sun. Imagine a line which runs from the center of the watch through a point halfway between the hour hand and number one. This line will point south.

In the northern half of the earth the sun is in the south at noon. In our country the real noon is one o’clock. If at that time we point the hour hand at the sun, the hour hand and number one will point south. That’s why you must imagine a line which will run from the center of the watch through a point halfway between the hour hand and number one. It will point south.

If you are in the southern part of our planet, you must point number 12 at the sun. The line which you can imagine between number twelve and the hour hand will then show north.

76. The sun is in the south at noon 　　 .

A. in any country in the world

B. in the north of the equator

C. in the south of the globe

D. in some northern places of the earth

77. In the northern half of the earth, if we point the hour hand at the sun at one o’clock then 　　 .

A. the minute hand shows north

B. the hour hand shows north

C. number one shows north

D. number twelve shows north

78. If the people in the southern part of the earth point 12 at the sun at 5 o’clock, the minute hand shows 　　 .

A. west by north

B. north by west

C. north by east

D. east by north

79. What do you think of the story?

A. It’s interesting. But sometimes it doesn’t work.

B. It’s impossible. I don’t like it.

C. It’s useful. But it isn’t interesting.

D. It’s great. But it isn’t helpful.

At first, the earth’s surface layer（层）was made up of huge blocks of hard, solid rocks. Then slowly, there rocks broke up into smaller and smaller pieces. Finally stones, pebble（卵石）and grains of sand were formed. Many sorts of plants and animals lived and died on the surface of the earth. Their remains mixed up with the stones, pebbles and formed soil. The outmost layer of the earth is soil.

There are many ways in which large pieces of rock break into smaller ones. Wind, water, heat and cold help to break up rocks. When winds blow grains of sand against a large rock for a long time, the softer layers of the rock are slowly worn away. These leave holes and crack（裂缝）in the rock, which become bigger and finally the rock breaks up into smaller pieces.

The moving water of streams and rivers also help to break up rocks. As the water moves along, it carries with it small pieces of rock. These rub the larger ones. Thus, the larger rocks are worn down to smaller pieces.

The heat of the sun is also helpful to breaking up rocks. When the sun shines, the rocks become very hot. If these rocks are suddenly cooled, they may crack. Ice also plays a part in making soil. Water in the cracks can turn into ice in cold weather. As this happens, it becomes bigger and the cracks become wider, and finally break into smaller pieces.

71. According to the passage, soil      .

  A. forms very slowly

  B. is a mixture of stones, pebbles and sand

  C. make up the layers of the earth

  D. is becoming smaller and smaller

72. How many factors are mentioned in helping the forming of soil?

  A. Three.             B. Four.

  C. Five.             D. More than five.

73. Which of the following speeds up the breaks of rocks most?

  A. Hot weather.

  B. Cold water.

  C. Sharp changes in temperature.

  D. More dead plants in the cracks.

74. Which of the following is NOT true?

  A. The remains of many plants of animals formed soil.

  B. If a large rock never moves, it will never break up.

  C. Even if a large rock never moves, it will break up.

  D. Ice in the cracks helps to break up rocks

75. The best title for this passage should be      .

  A. Soil from Rocks

  B. Ways to Break up Rocks

  C. Soil on the Earth

  D. Soil, Outmost Layer of the Earth

The food we eat seems to have a great effect on our health. Although science has made big steps in making food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of human illness is related to food and forty percent of cancer is related to food as well. That food is related to illness is not a new discovery. In 1945, some researchers realized that things commonly used to keep colour in meats and other food additives（添加剂）caused cancer.

Yet, these additives remain in our food, and it is difficult to know which things on the wrappings（包装）of foods are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to their animals, and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of cows. Sometimes similar tings are supplied to animals not for their health, but just to make a profit.

The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to get a higher price on the market. Although some countries have tried to control such things, the practice continues.

66. According to this passage, we can know      .

  A. perhaps most of human illness is caused by what we eat

  B. perhaps most kinds of cancer are related to what people eat

  C. cancer was discovered in 1945

  D. science has made food unfit to eat

67. Things that are used to keep colours in meats are      .

  A. harmful      B. useless        C. helpless         D. dangerous

68. All the additives      .

  A. are bright and colourless

  B. are not bright and colourful

  C. have indirect effects on our health

  D. have direct effects on our health

69. People use additives      .

  A. to make food more unfit to eat

  B. to improve the colour and taste of the food

  C. to change colour of the food

  D. to take off the diseases of the food

70. Which of the following is not true?

  A. Some wrappings of food are harmful.

  B. Farmers try to make more money on the market by fattening their animals.

  C. “The practice continues” means “things are still going on like that”.

  D. We needn’t take care of what we eat.

Everybody has one of those days when everything goes wrong. This is what happened to Harry.

He got up one morning very late because he had forgotten to wind up his alarm clock（闹钟）. He tried to shave（刮脸）quickly and cut himself. When he got dressed he got blood all over his clean shirt, so he had to find another one. The only other shirt that was clean needed ironing（熨）, so he ironed it. While he was ironing it, there was a knock at the door. It was the man to read the electricity meter（表）. He showed him where the meter was, said good-bye and found that the iron had burnt a hole in his shirt. So he had to wear the one with the blood on it after all. By this time it was very late, so he decided he couldn’t go to work by bus. He telephoned for a taxi to take him to work. The taxi arrived and Harry got in and began to read the newspaper.

In another part of the town, a man had killed a woman with a knife and was seen to run away in a taxi. When Harry’s taxi stopped outside his office, a policeman happened to be standing there. He saw the blood on Harry’s shirt, and took him to the police station. He was kept till 3 o’clock in the afternoon before the police were sure that he was not the man they wanted. When he finally arrived at the office at about four, his boss took a look at him and told him to go away and find another job.

61. Harry had       .

  A. a lucky day        B. an unlucky day

  C. a busy day         D. a good day

62. Put the following sentences into correct order according to the passage.

  a. The man who read the electricity meter came.

  b. Harry ironed his shirt.

  c. Harry got blood all over his clean shirt.

  d. There was a knock at the door.

  e. Harry wore the shirt with blood on it.

  A. a, b, c, d, e                B. b, a, d, c, e

  C. b, a, c, d, e                D. c, b, d, a, e

63. Why did Harry wear the shirt with blood on it?

  A. He had only one shirt.

  B. The only other needed ironing.

  C. The iron had burnt a hole in his clean shirt.

  D. He cut himself and got blood all over his shirt.

64. Harry was taken to the police station because       .

  A. his taxi stopped outside his office and a policeman happened to be there

  B. there was blood on his shirt and he was in a taxi

  C. a man killed a woman with a knife

  D. the murderer(杀人犯) was seen to run a away in a taxi

65. His boss told him to go away and find another job because       .

  A. he had been kept by the police

  B. there was blood on his shirt

  C. he was late for work

  D. he had killed a woman

Memory, they say, is a matter of practice and exercise. If you have the wish and really made a conscious（自觉的）effort, then you can quite easily improve your ability to remember things. But even if you are successful, there are times when your memory seems to play tricks on you.

Sometimes you remember things that really did not happen. One morning last week, for example, I got up and found that I had left the front door unlocked all night, yet I clearly remember locking it carefully the night before.

Memory “trick” work the other way as well. Once in a while you remember not doing something, and then find out that you did. One day last month, for example, I was sitting in a barber（理发师）shop waiting for my turn to get a haircut, and suddenly I realized that I had got a haircut two days before at the barber shop across the street from my office.

We always seem to find something funny and amusing（有趣的）in incidents caused by people’s forgetfulness or absent-mindedness. Stories about absent-minded professors have been told for years, and we never got tired of hearing new ones. Unfortunately, however, absent-mindedness is not always funny. There are times when “trick” of our memory can cause us great trouble.

56. If you want to have a good memory,       .

  A. you should force yourself to remember things

  B. you should make a conscious effort of practice and exercise

  C. you should never stop learning

  D. you should try hard to remember tings

57. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

  A. One night the writer forgot to lock the front door.

  B. One night the writer forgot having locked the front door.

  C. The writer remembered to lock the door.

  D. the writer remembered unlocking the front door.

58. From the sentence “We never get tired of hearing new ones”, we can infer that       .

  A. we enjoy hearing new stories about absent-mindedness of professors

  B. we don’t want to know anything more about absent-mindedness of professors

  C. we will never get tired of listening to new stories about absent-mindedness

  D. absent-mindedness happens not only to professors but to many other people

59. In the passage, the writer seems to tell you       .

  A. forgetting things is serious and dangerous

  B. always forgetting things is understandable

  C. forgetting things at times is natural

  D. the way to protect yourself from memory “tricks”

60. The best title for this passage is       .

  A. How to Get a Good Memory

  B. “Tricks” Of Memory

  C. Forgetfulness and Absent-mindedness is Dangerous

  D. Get Rid of Absent-mindedness

When we were children, our grandfathers told us the river was called the Pool that Forgets because when anything falls into it, the pool forgets to send it to the   36   again. One time when we were no longer children and not yet man, we seized a hunting dog and took her to the Pool that Forgets. We   37   her into the pool, and we all   38   to see her come up. We waited from morning till evening but   39   never came up. We knew that the   40   had forgotten her.

But this particular day when we were   41   from the raid （袭击）, everyone had taken a trophy (猎获品)   42   my brother. Maybe that was why he was talking when we were whispering and why he   43   to sound as though he had no   44  . My brother was forced to walk behind us. That is — the position of honour and dishonour. As an honour, the   45   men are placed there to   46   us when we return, but sometimes those who have not shown the strength are placed there to be laughed at for   47  . I think my brother   48   this, because as we reached the pool, he ran   49   us. He stopped at the   50   to the gray rock above the pool and stood there with   51   trying to look stronger than he was.

“Heroes of the Only World!” he shouted, “Watch me. I am not    52   the Pool that Forgets.”

And with those words, he dived and   53   into the pool and we saw nothing more. We stared over edge of the   54  . Our eyes staring into the circle of terror (恐惧) produced by    55  .

36. A. surface         B. bottom     C. bank           D. edge

37. A. put          B. sent         C. brought       D. threw

38. A. decided       B. waited      C. promised       D. agreed

39. A. he         B. it             C. she         D. they

40. A. dog        B. pool           C. children     D. me

41. A. setting out      B. starting off   C. moving on       D. returning

42. A. besides        B. including   C. except         D. more than

43. A. tried        B. hoped        C. learned       D. stopped

44. A. worry         B. fear          C. courage         D. wish

45. A. strongest       B. weakest        C. cleverest        D. luckiest

46. A. save           B. support        C. satisfy         D. protect

47. A. poverty         B. mistake         C. weakness        D. carelessness

48. A. understood     B. apologized          C. guessed         D. accepted

49. A. behind        B. among             C. before          D. ahead of

50. A. surface         B. edge           C. top            D. bottom

51. A. a simple       B. anger            C. pride           D. pleasure

52. A. afraid of       B. fond of          C. proud of        D. surprised at

53. A. dropped       B. swam             C. buried          D. disappeared

54. A. pool         B. rock               C. my brother     D. word

55. A. the bunting dog       B. my brother  C. the Pool that Forgets   D. our grandfathers

_______ she is out of a job, Lucy has been considering going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet.
　 A. Now that　　 　 B. Even though

C. No matter how　　D. Except that

 It’s no use trying to solve problems ________. Talks are the only solution.

  A. by the way of war     B. by force

  C. by communication     D. by means

I don’t believe that older people are always wiser. It _______ the person and what kind of experiences he or she has had.

A. requires of　　 B. results from

C. depends on　　 D. belongs to