In a time of low academic（学术的）achievement by children in the United States, many Americans are turning to Japan ,a country of high academic achievement and economic success, for possible answers. However, the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find. In most Japanese preschools, surprisingly little emphasis is put on academic instruction. In one investigation,300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists, and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhood education. Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents（答问卷者）listed “to give children a good start academically” as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. In contrast, over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices. To prepare children for successful careers in first grade and beyond, Japanese schools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as persistence, concentration, and the ability to function as a member of a group. The majority of young Japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents.

In the recent comparison of Japanese and American preschool education,91 percent of Japanese respondents chose providing children with a group experience as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools.62 percent of the more individually oriented（强调个性发展的）Americans listed group experience as one of their top three choices. An emphasis on the importance of the group seen in Japanese early childhood education continues into elementary school education.

Like in America, there is diversity（多样性）in Japanese early childhood education .Some Japanese kindergartens have specific aims, such as early musical training or potential（潜力）development. In large cities, some kindergartens are attached to universities that have elementary and secondary schools.

Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it will increase the children’s chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated schools and universities. Several more progressive programs have introduced free play as a way out for the heavy intellectualizing in some Japanese kindergartens.

1.We learn from the first paragraph that many Americans believe ____.

A. Japanese parents pay more attention to preschool education than American parents

B. Japan’s economic success is a result of its scientific achievements

C. Japanese preschool education emphasizes academic instruction

D. Japan’s higher education is better than theirs

2.Most American respondents believe that preschools should also attach importance to ____.

A. problem solving

B. group experience

C. parental guidance

D .individually oriented development

3.In Japan’s preschools education, the focus is on ____.

A. preparing children’s artistic interests

B. developing children’s artistic interests

C. tapping children’s potential

D. shaping children’s character

4.Why do some Japanese parents send their children to university-based kindergartens?

A. They can do better in their future studies.

B. They can gain more group experience there.

C. They can be individually oriented when they grows up.

D. They can have better chances of getting a first-rate education.

The saying that the economic growth is the key 　　　 the problem of poverty 　　　　right.

　 A. to solve; proves　 B. to solving; proves

　 C. solved; is proved　 D. to solve; is proved

—I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.

　 —That’s _______I don’t agree .You should have a more active life.

A. where　　　 　 B. how　　　　　　 　 C. when　　　　 D. what

The art show was ____ being a failure; it was a great success.

A. far from B. along with　 C. next to D. regardless of

He was admitted into Beijing University and years of his hard work ____ eventually．

　 A．paid off　 B．were paid off 　　　　 C．had paid off D．had been paid off

The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ____ whether he was going in the right direction.

A. seeing　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 B. having seen　　

C. to have seen　 　　　　　　　　　 D. to see

Everybody showed great respect to the old doctor, who devoted everything he had to _____ the poor conditions of the local hospital.

　　 A. improving　 　　B. improve 　　　　 C. to improve 　　　 D. being improved

If you want to win your case, you'd better accept the offer ________ the advice of your lawyer.

A．of B．for

C．on D．why

I really don’t know why his later discovery, ______ greater importance to science, is not so well known to the world.

　 A．which I think is of 　　　　 B．which I think it is of

　 C．of which I think it is 　　 D．I think which is of

The new law was generally admitted _______ difficult to carry out.

　 A. being　 B. was　 C. to be　 D. it’s