More money and effort should be spent to _______ the cultural relics in the world.

A. keep            B. remain           C. preserve              D. support

 In communication, a smile is usually _____ strong sign of a friendly and _____ open attitude.

   A. the; /          B. a; an           C. a; /              D. the; an

Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1. 在美国你可以享用到多种多样的民族食品。（ethnic）

2. 每逢我们谈到他的家乡，他总是为其感到自豪。（whenever）

3. 顽皮是男孩的天性，你不必为此担心。（nature）

4. 具有中国特色的月饼正日益受到西方人的青睐。（special）

5. 直到二十世纪后期中国运动员才开始以他们在奥运会的出色表现让世界感到惊讶。（amaze）

A. Keep up with the progress of the course

B. Be able to communicate through writing

C. Take the program seriously

D. Accept critical thinking as part of online learning

E. Be open-minded about sharing experiences

F. Be willing to “speak up” if problems arise

Online students require unique qualities to be successful. The following list discusses some ideal qualities of successful online students.

81.

Many different people find that the online method required them to use their experiences and that online learning offers them a place to communicate with each other. This forum for communication removes the visual barriers that hinder some students from expressing themselves. In addition, students are given time to reflect on the information before replying. In this way, students can help to keep the online environment open and friendly.

82.

In the virtual classroom nearly all communication is written, so it is critical that students feel comfortable expressing themselves in writing. Some students have limited writing abilities which need to be improved before or as part of the online experience. This usually requires extra commitment by these students.

83.

Remember that instructors cannot see their students in an online course. This means students must be absolutely explicit with their comments and requests. If they experience technical difficulties, or problems in understanding something about the course, they must let the instructors or other online students know; otherwise there is no way anyone can know something is wrong.

84.

Online learning is not easier than study in regular classrooms. In fact, many students say it requires much more time and effort. Requirements for online courses are not less than those of any quality program. Successful students, however, see online learning as a convenient way to receive their education—not an easier way. Many online students sit at computers for hours at a time during evenings and on weekends in order to complete their assignments.

85.

Online learning is normally arranged in the time sequence and requires devotion on the students’ part. Strictly following each step and completing all work on time is vital. Once students get behind, it is almost impossible to catch up. Students need to want to be there and need to want the experience. The instructor may have to communicate with students personally to offer help and remind them of the need to keep up.

Birds that are half-asleep—with one brain hemisphere alert and the other sleeping—control which side of the brain remains awake, according to a new study of sleeping ducks.

　 Earlier studies have documented half-brain sleep in a wide range of birds. The brain hemispheres take turns sinking into the sleep stage characterized by slow brain waves. The eye controlled by the sleeping hemisphere keeps shut, while the wakeful hemisphere’s eye stays open and alert. Birds also can sleep with both hemispheres resting at once.

　 Decades of studies of bird groups led researchers to predict extra alertness in the end-of-the-row sleepers which tend to be attacked more easily. Sure enough, the end birds tended to watch carefully on the side away from their companions. Ducks in the inner spots showed no preference for gaze direction.

　 Also, birds napping at the end of the line depend on single-hemisphere sleep, rather than total relaxation, more often than inner ducks did. Turning 16 birds through the positions in a four-duck row, the researchers found that compared with 12 percent for birds in internal spots, outer birds half-asleep during some 32 percent of napping time.

　 “We believe this is the first evidence for an animal behaviorally controlling sleep and wakefulness at the same time in different regions of the brain,” the researchers say.

　 The results provide the best evidence for a long-standing assumption that single-hemisphere sleep evolved as creatures scanned for enemies. The preference for opening an eye on the lookout side could be widespread, he predicts. He’s seen it in a pair of birds napping side-by-side in the zoo and in a single pet bird sleeping by a mirror. The mirror-side eye closed as if the reflection were a companion and the other eye stayed open.

　Useful as half-sleeping might be, it’s only been found in birds and such water animals as dolphins, whales, and seals. Perhaps keeping one side of the brain awake allows a sleeping animal to surface occasionally to avoid drowning.

　 Studies of birds may offer unique insights into sleep. Jerome M. Siegel of the UCLA says he wonders if birds’ half-brain sleep “is just the tip of the iceberg.” He supposes that more examples may turn up when we take a closer look at other species.

77. According to the passage, birds often half sleep because ______.

　　　 A. they have to watch out for possible attacks

　　　 B. their brain hemispheres take turns to rest

　　　 C. the two halves of their brain are differently structured

　　　 D. they have to constantly keep an eye on their companions

78. What is implied about the example of a bird’s sleeping in front of a mirror?

　　　 A. An imagined companion gives the bird a sense of security.

　　　 B. Birds prefer to sleep in pairs to amuse themselves.

　　　 C. The phenomenon of birds napping in pairs is widespread.

D. A single pet bird enjoys seeing its own reflection in the mirror.

79. While sleeping, some water animals tend to keep half awake in order to ______.

A. alert themselves to the approaching enemy

　　　 B. emerge from water now and then to breathe

　　　 C. be sensitive to the ever-changing environment

　　　 D. avoid being swept away by rapid currents

80. By saying “just the tip of the iceberg”, Siegel suggests that ______.

　　　 A. half-brain sleep has something to do with icy weather

　　　 B. the mystery of half-brain sleep is close to being solved

　　　 C. most birds living in cold regions tend to be half sleepers

D. half-brain sleep may exist among other species

Some children are natural-born bosses. They have a strong need to make decisions, manage their environment, and lead rather than follow. Stephen Jackson, a Year One student, “operates under the theory of what’s mine is mine and what’s yours is mine,” says his mother. “The other day I bought two new Star Wars light sabers. Later, I saw Stephen with the two new ones while his brother was using the beat-up ones.”

“Examine the extended family, and you’ll probably find a bossy grandparent, aunt, uncle or cousin in every generation. It’s an inheritable trait,” says Russell Barkley, a professor at the Medical University of South Carolina. Other children who may not be particularly bossy can gradually gain dominance when they sense their parents are weak, hesitant, or in disagreement with each other.

Whether it’s inborn nature or developed character at work, too much control in the hands at the young isn’t healthy for children or the family. “Fear is at the root of a lot of bossy behavior,” says family psychologist John Taylor. Children, he says in his book From Defiance to Cooperation, “have secret feelings of weakness” and “a desire to feel safe”. It’s the parents’ role to provide that protection.

When a “boss child” doesn’t learn limits at home, the stage is set for a host of troubles outside the family. The overly willful and unbending child may have trouble obeying teachers or coaches, for example, or trouble keeping friends. It can be pretty lonely as the top dog if no one likes your bossy ways.

“I see more and more parents giving up their power,” says Barkley, who has studied bossy behavior for more than 30 years. “They bend too far because they don’t want to be as strict as their own parents were. But they also feel less confident about their parenting skills. Their kids, in turn, feel more anxious.”

73. Bossy children like Stephen Jackson _______.

A. make good decisions                             B. show self-centeredness

C. are very considerate                              D. always think about other persons

74. The underlined phrase “inheritable trait” in Paragraph 2 means          .

A. inborn nature

B. developed character

C. accepted theory

D. particular environment

75. The study on bossy behavior implies that parents          .

A. should give more power to their children

B. should be strict with their children

C. should bend before their children

D. should not set limits for their children

76. What is the passage mainly about?

A. How bossy behavior can be controlled.

B. How we can get along with bossy children.

C. What leads to children’s bossy behavior.

D. What effect bossy behavior brings about.

Below is a housing guide for students going to London.

69. What is the advantage of using Loot?

      A. It has more offers from accommodation agencies than Renting.

      B. It gives you personal information about other co-renters.

      C. Their website is designed mainly for students.

      D. There are some good bargains.

70. A good agent can help you ____.

      A. know more people                 

      B. find cheap accommodation

      C. get the right accommodation quickly

      D. get free information about most accommodations

71. The information passed on by word of mouth is important because____.

      A. it is better than that found through any other source

      B. it helps you find some of the best housing never advertised

      C. the final year students always offer better information

      D. the landlords have little valuable information 

72. For students going to London for the first time, which of the following provides the most       reliable information?

      A. University accommodation offices.        B. Loot and Renting

      C. Notice boards.                       D. Family.

Catherine Destivelle is a rock star. She loves rock, but she can’t sing or play the guitar! She is a rock climber and a big star in France and Italy. She is the most famous woman climber in the world because she often climbs without ropes. She climbs in many countries but most often in the French Alps near Chamonix, where she lives. She started climbing near her home in Paris when she was five. Then, at fourteen, she joined the French Alpine Club to learn more, but immediately she climbed better and more quickly than the older members of the club. She won her first competition in Italy in 1995.

Three years ago she found a new route up the Dru Mountain near Chamonix. The climb took eleven days and for four days the snow was so heavy that she could not move. Last year other climbers tried to follow the new Destivelle Route, but they failed. They are going to try again this year.

People always ask her about her climbing. She says, “I climb because I’m in love with mountains. I like touching the rock and reading the face of the rock. I like it a lot. I felt at home on the side of a mountain. I prepare well before I go, so I’m never worried.”

Catherine chooses new mountains from books—like buying from a shopping catalogue! “I see a nice mountain and I go to climb it!” Her next mountain is in Pakistan. She is going there next month. “It’s much bigger than the Dru, so it’s going to take longer to climb. An American climber, Jeff Lowe, is coming with me to help.”

65．Catherine Destivetle is called “a star” because ________.

A. she won a competition in 1995　　　 B. she loves rocks

C. she’s a famous woman climber　　　 D. she found a new route up to the Dru Mountain

66．She had great trouble finding a new route up the Dru Mountain because ________.

A. she lost her way　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　 　 B. the climb took 11 days

C. she needed help from an American climber　　 D. there was heavy snow

67．On the side of a mountain she feels ________.

A. worried　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. easy and happy

C. like staying at home　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. well

68．We can infer from the passage people often ask her “________”.

A. Why do you like climbing?　　　　　　　　　　　　　

B. Are you in love with an American climber?

C. Do you enjoy reading books on mountains?

D. What do you do before you go climbing?

Organized volunteering and work experience has long been a vital companion to university degree courses. Usually it is left to __50__ to deduce the potential from a list of extracurricular adventures on a graduate’s resume, but now the University of Bristol has launched an award to formalize the achievements of students who __51__ time to activities outside their courses. Bristol PluS aims to boost students in an increasingly competitive job market by helping them acquire work and life skills as well as __52__ qualifications.

Our students are a pretty active bunch, but we found that they didn’t __53__ appreciate the value of what they did outside the lecture hall,” says Jeff Goodman, director of careers and employability at the university. “Employers are much more __54__ than they used to be. They used to look for __55__ and saw it as part of their job to extract the value of an applicant’s skills. Now they want students to be able to explain why those skills are __56__ to the job.”

Students who sign up for the awards will be expected to complete 50 hours of work experience or __57__ work, attend four workshops on employability skills, take part in an intensive skills-related activity __58__, crucially, write a summary of the skills they have gained. __59__ efforts will gain an Outstanding Achievement Award. Those who perform best on the sports field can take the Sporting Plus Award which fosters employer-friendly sports accomplishments.

The experience does not have to be __60__ organized, “We’re not just interested in easily identifiable skills,” says Goodman. “__61__, one student took the lead in dealing with a difficult landlord and so __62__ negotiation skills. We try to make the experience relevant to individual lives.”

Goodman hopes the __63__ will enable active students to fill in any gaps in their experience and encourage their less-active __64__ to take up activities outside their academic area of work.

50. A. advisors               B. specialists                  C. critics                 D. employers    

51. A. divide                  B. devote                      C. deliver                 D. donate       

52. A. artistic                B. technical                    C. academic            D. interactive    

53. A. hardly                 B. possibly                    C. necessarily          D. gracefully    

54. A. generous             B. considerate                C. imaginative          D. demanding     

55. A. origin                  B. background               C. popularity           D. potential     

56. A. relevant               B. responsive                C. reluctant              D. respective     

57. A. casual                 B. selective                   C. homely               D. voluntary      

58. A. or                       B. thus                         C. so                      D. and           

59. A .Occasional           B. Exceptional                C. Informative         D. Relative       

60. A. roughly               B. commonly                 C. formally              D. fortunately   

61. A. For instance        B. In reality                   C. In contrast          D. Of course      

62. A. demonstrated       B. determined                C. operated              D. involved       

63. A. device                 B. section                     C. scheme              D. disturbance    

64. A. attendants            B. agents                      C. members            D. peers       

A. political    B. supported       C. gossip         D. set            E. contemporary

AB. literary   AC. alive          AD. significance   AE. enterprises    BC. figures

    It is impossible to imagine Paris without its cafés. The city has some 12,000 cafés varying in size, grandeur, and __41__. The cafés are like an extension of the French living room, a place to start and end the day, to __42__ and debate.

When did the cafés in France start? The oldest café in Paris is Le Procope. It was opened in 1686 by Francesco Procopio dei Coltelli, the man who turned France into a coffee-drinking society. Le Procope attracted Paris’s political and __43__ elite, and in this way played an important part among the upper class. By the end of the 18th century, all of Paris was intoxicated with coffee and the city __44__ some 700 cafés. These were like all-male clubs, with many functioning as centers of __45__ life and discussion. By the 1840s the number of cafés had grown to 3,000. The men who gathered in these cafés and __46__ the theme of the times included journalists, playwrights and writers. Around the turn of the 20th century, the sidewalk cafés became the meeting halls for artists and literary __47__.

Nowadays in Paris cafés still play the role of picture windows for observing __48__ life. The artists gathered at the café may not be as great as those of the past, but faces worth watching are just the same. Linger a bit and you will see that the Parisian stereotypes are still __49__ and well. You’ll see the old men in navy berets; ultra-thin, bronzed women with hair dyed bright orange; and schoolchildren sharing an afternoon chocolate with their mothers. The café in Paris has always been a place for seeing and being seen.