Books which give instructions on how to do things are very popular in the United States today. Thousands of these “How to” books are available; in fact, there are about four thousand books with titles that begin with the words “How to”. One book may tell you how to earn more money, another may tell you how to save or spend it, and another may explain how to give your money away.  Many “How to” books give advice on careers (职业). They tell you how to choose a career and how to succeed at it. If you fail, however, you can buy a book called “How to Turn Failure into Success”. If you would like to become very rich, you can buy the book “How to Make a Million”. If you never make any money at all, you may need a book called “How to Live on Nothing?”. One of the most popular types of books is one that helps you with personal problems. If you want to have a better love of life, you can read “How to Succeed at Love Every Minute of Your Life.?”. If you are tired of books on happiness, you may prefer a book called “How to Make Yourself miserable?”.

    Many of these books help people use their time better. Some people want books which will give them useful information about sports, hobbies, and travel. Other people use their free time to make repairs and improvements on their homes. They prefer books which give step by step instruction on how to repair things like plumbing (卫生管道工程) and electrical wiring, or on how to redecorate (重新装饰) or enlarge a house.

    Why have “How to” books become so popular? Probably because life has become so complex. Today people have far more free time to use, more choices to make, and more problems to solve. “How to” books help people deal with modern life. 

1. These “How to” books are written to______.

   A. tell people on how to love their daily life             

   B. earn money for the companies to survive in the competition

   C. give people some good advice on how to do something they want to do 

   D. give readers who want to know about America a deep impression

2. Before someone wants to find a good job, he had better______.

   A. buy a book on “How to Make a Million?”

   B. read a book on how to choose a career and how to succeed at it 

   C. make better use of his time in his daily life     

   D. use his free time to look for it 

3. If people will not succeed in what he is doing, a book called________ can give help.

   A. “How to Turn Failure into Success”     

   B. “How to Make a Million?”

   C. “How to Succeed at Love Every Minute of Your Life?”

   D. “How to Make Yourself Miserable?”

　　　 All areas of the world face a nurses shortage. But the shortage is most severe in developing countries. Many of their nurses move to the more developed nations for better pay, better working conditions and better chances for career development. For example, nearly 2,000 nurses left the Caribbean between 2002 and 2006.

　　　 The Caribbean nations currently have about 1 nurse for every 1,000 people. The ratio(比例) of nurses to population is about 10 times higher in the United States and countries in the European Union(EU). Now, more than 21,000 nurses who trained in the Caribbean are working in the United States, Canada and Britain.

　　　 Gaetan Lafortune is an official of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development(O.E.C.D) in Paris. He says the nurses shortage also affects industrialized countries. He says, “There is concern in most O.E.C.D.countries that the number of nurses is too small to meet the demand. And what is more worrying is that their concern is sort of growing.” Mr Lafortune says a large number of nurses are expected to retire within the next 10 years. At the same time, the health care needs of aging populations are expected to grow, intensifying the shortage of nurses.

　　　 Gaetan Lafortune said, “In the U.S., for instance, some researchers have found that there may be a shortage of close to a million nurses by 2020.” The United States is 1 of the 21 countries in the O.C.E.D. Gaetan Lafortune says in the recent years many of the countries increased their efforts to hire foreign nurses. As a result of that, O.E.C.D. countries were mainly exporting their shortage problem to countries that may have an even greater need for these nurses.

1．What will be the main causes of the global nurses shortage in the next 10 years?

　　　 A. The demand for nurses will decrease.　　　　　　　　　

　　 B. Many nurses will be too old to work.

　　　 C. Many rich countries will hire more foreign nurses.

　　　 D. Nurses are often looked down upon.

　　　 E. Aging populations will increase rapidly

　　　 A. a and b　　　　　　 B. b and c　　　　　　 C. b and e　　　　　　 D. c and d

2．The underlined word “intensify” in para. 3 means “________”.

　　　 A. strengthen　　　　 B. neglect　 　　　　 C. reduce　　　　　　　　　　 D. cause

3．We know from this text that America and the EU countries ______.

　　　 A. refuse to offer equal pay to foreign nurses

　　　 B. have at least one nurse out of 100 people

　　　 C. don’t like to train nurses of their own countries

　　　 D. have more serious nursing problems than the Caribbean nations

4．What does the text mainly tell us?

　　　 A. Nursing is no longer a worthwhile profession in most countries.

　　　 B. The different attitudes towards nursing in different countries.

　　　 C. Nurses shortage will result in serious consequences.

　　　 D. The health care industry needs more nurses.

I always felt sorry for people in wheelchairs.Some people,old and weak,cannot 1 by themselves.Others seem perfectly healthy,　 2　 in business suits,and wheel themselves around with strong determination.But whenever I saw someone in a wheelchair,I only saw a　 3　 ,not a person.

Then I fainted（晕倒）at Euro Disney　 4　 low blood pressure.This was the first time I had ever fainted,and my parents said that I must　 5　 for a while after First Aid.I agreed to take it easy,but　 6　 I stepped toward the door,I saw my dad pushing a (n)　 7　 in my direction!Feeling the colour burn my cheeks,I asked him to wheel that thing right back to　 8　 he found it.

I could not believe this was happening to me.Wheelchairs were　 9　 for other people but not for me.As my father wheeled me out into the main street,people　 10 began to treat me differently.

Little kids ran in front of me, 11 my father to stop the wheelchair suddenly.　 12　 set in as I was thrown back and forth.“Stupid kids—they have perfectly good　 13　 .Why can’t they watch where they’re going?”I thought.People　 14　 down at me,pity in their eyes.Then they would look away,maybe because they thought the　 15　 they forgot me,the better.

“I am just like you!”I wanted to scream.“The only　 16　 is that you’ve got legs,and I have wheels.”

People in wheelchairs are not　 17　 .They can see every look and hear each word.Looking out at the faces,I finally understood: I was once just like them.I　 18　 people in wheelchairs exactly the way they did not　 19　 to be treated.I realized it is some of us with two healthy legs who are　 20　 disabled.

1．A.look around　　　 B.care about　　　 C.make out　　　　 D.get around

2．A.dressed　　　　　 B.covered　　　　 C.folded　　　　　 D.lost

3．A.beast　　　　　　 B.disability　　　 C.passer-by　　　 D.failure

4．A.by way of　　　　 B.as to　　　　　 C.due to　　　　　 D.in terms of

5．A.sleep　　　　　　 B.break　　　　　 C.leave　　　　　 D.rest

6．A.before　　　　　 B.until　　　　　 C.because　　　　 D.as

7．A.wheelchair　　　 B.carriage　　　　 C.armchair　　　 D.bed

8．A.whom　　　　　　 B.that　 　　　　　 C.where　　　　　 D.which

9．A.fine　　　　　　 B.sad　　　　　　　 C.light　　　　　 D.cheap

10．A.gradually　　　　 B.immediately　　　 C.finally　　　　 D.rapidly

11．A.catching　　　　 B.making　　　　　 C.preventing　　 D.forcing

12．A.Bitterness　　　 B.lnterest　　　　 C.Regret　　　　 D.Amusement

13．A.space　　　　　　 B.manners　　　　　 C.legs　　　　　 D.control

14．A.smiled　　　　　 B.stared　　　　　 C.handed　　　　 D.pushed

15．A.happier　　　　　 B.faster　　　　　 C.sooner　　　　 D.harder

16．A.advantage　　　　 B.difference　　　 C.choice　　　　 D.difficulty

17．A.healthy　　　　　 B.common　　　　　 C.stupid　　　　 D.violent

18．A.treated　　　　　 B.ignored　　　　　 C.greeted　　　　 D.injured

19．A.mean　　　　　 　B.need　　　　　　 C.enjoy　　　　　 D.want

20．A.generally　　　　 B.truly　　　　　　 C.mostly　　　　 D.eventually

The computer system proved to be powerful         some shortcomings.

A. by way of B. in case of   C. as a result of        D. in spite of

Didn’t    ever occur to you what the source of this saying I just quoted is?

A. this           B. it              C. that          D. one

All too _____ it was time to go back to school after the glorious summer holidays.

A. often    B. fast    C. soon    D. late

 The boss was accused of having a ______ against his female employees.

A. reputation               B. prejudice               C. symptom              D. profession

―― Our family will travel to Shanghai for the World Expo this weekend.

――_______.

A. Congratulations　 B. Take care　　 C. Have fun　　　 D. Good luck

_______ time and labor, cartoonists generally draw the hands of their characters with only 3 fingers and a thumb.

A. Save   B. Having saved     C. Saving       D. To save

One can be strong, brave and faithful after all these hardships he has ________.

A. looked through      B. got through          C. put through         D. gone through