--I'm sorry I made a mistake!

-- ______ . Nobody is perfect.

A. Take your time    B. You're right      C. Whatever you say D. Take it easy

假定你是李华，写信给好友张林。谈谈通过体育锻炼，你的体质有所增强。你的信必须包括 以下内容：

1、简要描述你在体育锻炼前的身体状况；

2、通过体育锻炼，你的体质是如何增强的；

3、简要分析一下产生这种变化的原因。

Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1.        没有许可，你不能使用该图书馆的设施。（access)

2.         据说医疗不能代替均衡饮食。（It)

3.         你把时间浪费在抱怨过去的失败上是没有必要的。（need)

4.        他能否会在大学第一年获得奖学金还是个问题。（remain)

5.         直到二十世紀末中国运动员才以他们在奥运会上的杰出表现让世人惊叹。（Not until)

All we have a clock located inside our brains. Similar to your bedside alarm clock, your internal clock runs on a 24-hour cycle. This cycle, called a circadian (昼夜节奏的) rhythm, helps control when you wake, when you eat and when you sleep.

Somewhere around puberty, something happens in the timing of the biological clock. The clock pushes forward, so adolescents and teenagers are unable to fall asleep as early as they used to. When your mother tells you it's time for bed, your body may be pushing you to stay up3 for several hours more. And the light coming from your computer screen or TV could be pushing you to stay up even later.

This shift is natural for teenagers. But staying up very late and sleeping late can get your body's clock out of sync with the cycle of light and dark. It can also make it hard to get out of bed in the morning and may bring other problems, too. Teenagers are put in a kind of a gray cloud (提不起精神的状态) when they don't get enough sleep, says Mary Carskadon, a sleep researcher at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island. It affects their mood and their ability to think and learn.

But just like your alarm clock, your internal clock can be reset. In fact, it automatically resets itself every day. How? By using the light it gets through your eyes.

Scientists have known for a long time that the light of day and the dark of night play important roles in setting our internal clocks. For years, researchers thought that the signals that synchronize the body's clock were handled through the same pathways that we use to see. But recent discoveries show that the human eye has two separate light-sensing systems. One system allows us to see. The second system tells our body whether it's day or night.

(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)

81. The clock located inside our brains is similar to our bedside alarm clock because ________________________________________.­

82. Children before puberty tend to __________________________________than adolescents.

83. The author wants to tell the reader that   _____________________________________.

84. What did the previous researchers think about the human eye's light-sensing system?

Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.

76.__________________________

On Father's Day 2009, which falls on Sunday, June 21, millions of dads across the US will open boxes, peel back tissue paper, and break into a smile as they admire their new necktie 一 still among the most popular Father's Day gifts.

77.__________________________

That smile is almost certainly genuine, according to psychology lecturer Nicole Gilbert Cote at the University of Massachusetts in Amherst. Her research shows that even though dads get less attention on father's day than moms do on Mother's Day, dads are more likely to be satisfied on their special date. Part of the reason seems to be that moms expect to be relieved of stereotypical chores such as cooking and cleaning up on Mother's Day, but that doesn't always happen. Dads didn't have that role in the family. “The bar is low, and dad is OK with that,” Gilbert Cote said, adding that the way families — even those that espouse egalitarian ideal — celebrate the two holidays reinforces such stereotypes.

78. _________________________

Fathers' low expectation means that shoppers spend less money on them than they do on moms, according to the National Retail Federation, a Washington, D.C.-based trade group. The stumbling global economy, however, does mean shoppers are cutting back. In 2008, Father's Day cost individual consumers $94.54, and Mother's Day cost $138.36. But this year, the retail group experts gift givers to spend an average of US$90, on Father's Day. For moms, shoppers shelled out “dad an average of US$123.89. “Dad is a little more laid-back and easier to shop for,” said federation spokesperson Kathy Grannis. “His gifts usually range from a simple tie for work to a new spatula for the grill, all of which can make dad very happy.” Mother's Day gifts tend to be more luxurious — jewels, flowers, a trip to the spa, and dinner at a restaurant, for example.

79. _________________________

The most popular gift for Dads — and often the only one he'll got — is a greeting card. All told, an estimated 110 million cards are sent on Father's Day, according to the greeting card company Hallmark. This makes Father's Day the fourth largest card ——sending holiday in the US, behind Mother's Day (162 million), Valentine's Day (192 million), and Christmas (2.1 billion). Fifty percent of Father's Day cards are purchased for dads and another 20 percent for husbands. The remaining 30 percent fall into a broad “other” category, according to Deidre Mize, a Hallmark spokesperson. “It might be someone who served as a father role. Or it could be a stepdad,” she said. The Father's Day card business, according to the retail federation, will ring up about $780 million this year.

80.__________________________

Despite all the cards given on father's day, hallmark didn't invent the holiday, Mize said. Rather, father's day traced its origins to Spokane, Washington, where Sonora Smart-Dodd was one of six children being raised by a single dad. Inspired by a mother's day sermon she heard at church, she wanted to honor her father. So, she encouraged local churches to institute the first father's day observance in 1909. The idea caught on, and hallmark started printing father's day cards in 1920s, Mize said. In 1972, us president Richard Nixon formally declared father's day as the third Sunday in June.

At some time in your life you may have a strong desire to do something strange or terrible. However, chances are that you don't act on your impulse, but let it pass instead. You know that to commit the action is wrong in some way and that other people will not accept your behavior.

Perhaps the most interesting thing about the phenomenon of taboo (禁忌的) behavior is how it can change over the years within the same society, how certain behavior and attitudes once considered taboo can become perfectly acceptable and natural at another point in time. Topics such as death, for example, were once considered so upsetting and unpleasant that it was a taboo to even talk about them. Now with the publication of important books such as On Death and Dying and Learning to Say Goodbye, people have become more aware of the importance of expressing feelings about death and, as a result, are more willing to talk about this taboo subject.

One of the newest taboos in American society is the topic of fat. Unlike many other taboos, fat is a topic that Americans talk about constantly. It's not taboo to talk about fat; it's taboo to be fat. The “in” look is thin, not fat. In the work world, most companies prefer youthful-looking, trim executives to sell their image as well as their products to the public. The thin look is associated with youth, vigor, and success. The fat person, on the other hand, is thought of as lazy and lacking in energy, self-discipline, and self-respect. In an image-conscious society like the U.S., thin is “in”, fat is “out”.

It's not surprising, then, that millions of Americans have become obsessed (着迷) with staying slim and “in shape”. The pursuit of a youthful physical appearance is not, however, the sole reason for America's obsession with diet and exercise. Recent research has shown the critical importance of diet and exercise for personal health. As in most technologically developed nations, the life-style of North Americans has changed dramatically during the course of the last century. Modern machines do all the physical labor that people were once forced to do by hand. Cars and buses transport us quickly from point to point. As a result of inactivity and disuse, people's bodies can easily become weak and vulnerable to disease. In an effort to avoid such a fate, millions of Americans are spending more of their time exercising every day.

72From the passage we can infer taboo is______ .

Aa strong desire to do something strange or terrible

Ba crime committed on impulse committed

Cbehavior considered unacceptable in society's eyes

Dan unfavorable impression left on other people

73Based on the ideas presented in the passage we can conclude being fat______ .

Awill always remain a taboo

Bis not considered a taboo by most people

Chas long been a taboo

Dmay no longer be a taboo some day

74In the U.S., thin is “in”, fat is “out”, this means_______ .

Athin is “inside”, fat is “outside”

Bthin is “devoted”, fat is “lazy”

Cthin is “youthful”, fat is “spiritless”

Dthin is “fashionable”, fat is “unfashionable”

75. The main reason the passage gives for why so many Americans are exercising regularly is ________.

Atheir changed life-style

Btheir eagerness to stay thin and youthful

Ctheir appreciation of the importance of exercise

Dthe encouragement they have received from their companies

There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual 一 the sort of environment in which he is reared. If an individual is handicapped environmentally, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.

The importance of environment in determining an individual's intelligence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was reared by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities. Mark was reared in the home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child, sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually. This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their teens, when they were given tests to measure their intelligence. Mark's I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities, the twins, having identical brains, would have tested at roughly the same level.

69. According to the passage, the average I.Q. is ________.

A. 85　 B. 100 　　　　 C. 110 　　　　 D. 125

70. This passage suggests that an individual’s I.Q. ________.

A. can be predicted at birth

B. is inherited from his parents

C. stays the same throughout his life

D. can be increased by education

71. This selection can best be titled_________.

A. Measuring Your Intelligence

B. Intelligence and Environment

C. The Case of Peter and Mark

D. How the brain Influences Intelligence

 Days 1-3: UK — Shanghai

Fly to great city of Shanghai and in the evening sample traditional Shanghai food. Visit the beautiful YU Garden, Old Town. Shanghai Museum, cross the Great Nanpu Bridge and tour the Pudong area. Also explore Xintiandi with its 1920's style Shikumen buildings and end your stay in

Shanghai with an amazing Huangpu River evening tour.     

 Days 4-7: Shanghai — Yangtze River Tour

Fly to Yichang and change (approx: on hour) to board your Yangtze River ship for the next four nights. Enjoy a tour of the three Gorges Dam (三峡大坝)before sailing on the grand Yangtze River, passing through the impressive Three Gorges. We take a side trip to the lesser Three Gorges or travel up the Shennong Stream in a peapod boat and enjoy various shore trips along the way.

 Day 8: Chongqing — Chengdu

Get off in Chongqing and drive to Chengdu for an overnight stay.

 Days 9-10: Chengdu — Xi'an

Visit the famous Panda Reserve to see the lovely animals. We then fly to the historic city of Xi'an for two nights stay and enjoy traditional Shuijiao. Next day, explore one of the most important discoveries of the 20th century ——the Terracotta Warriors (兵马俑),followed by the ancient City Wall and a performance of Tang Dynasty dancing.

 Days 11-13: Xi'an — Beijing

Visit little wild Goose Pagoda and see the ancient objects at the well-known Shaanxi provincial museum before walking through the lively Muslim Quarter to see the Great Mosque. Later fly to Beijing for three nights' stay and try Peking Duck. During our stay in Beijing, we stroll through Tiananmen Square to the Forbidden City, the largest and best preserved collection of ancient buildings in China, and visit the Summer Palace. Next day we take a walk on the Great Wall, tour the unique Temple of Heaven and enjoy an attractive Chinese Acrobatic Show.

 Day 14: Beijing — UK

Fly back to the UK, arriving home later the same day filled with happy memories.

65.  The underlined word sample in the passage probably means ________.

A. buy             B. reserve              C. taste          D. make

66. The first and last scenic spots they visited in Xi'an are ________.

A. the Terracotta Warriors and the Great Mosque

B. the Terracotta Warriors and Shanghai Provincial Museum

C. little wild Goose Pagoda and Great Mosque

D. little wild Goose Pagoda and the Muslim Quarter

67. Which of the following is TRUE according to the ad. ?

A. The tourists will have to pay extra for fuel and meals.

B. The tourists will visit the 1920's Shikumen buildings in Beijing.

C. The tourists will take a side trip to the Three Gorges Dam during the tour.

D. The tourists will stay in Beijing for three nights before leaving for the UK.

68. The ad. is mainly intended to ________.

A. encourage the British to travel in China

B. attract the British to traditional Chinese food

C. offer service of booking air tickets to tourists

D. provide the British with a better understanding of Shanghai

Although one might not think so from some of the criticism of it, advertising is essential to the kind of society in which people in the United Kingdom, and a very __50__ proportion of the world at large, live. Advertising is necessary as a __51__ of communicating with others, of telling them about the goods and services that are offered, and of which most of them would never __52__ to hear at all if it were not for advertising. And advertising helps a great deal to promote a __53__ standard of living.

In talking about advertising, one should not think only __54__ a commercial on television, or an advertisement in the newspapers or periodicals. In its widest __55__ , advertising includes a host of other __56__ such as packaging, shop displays and — in the sense of communication — even the spoken word of the salesman. __57__ , the roots of advertising are to be found in the market place.

For many years it was thought that it was enough to __58__ goods and supply services, h is only more __59__ that it has become increasingly understood that the production of goods is a waste of resources __60__ those goods can be sold at a fair price within a __61__ time span. In the competitive society in which we live, it is essential that we go out and sell what we have to offer, and advertising plays an important role in this respect, whether selling at home or in __62__ markets.

Approximately 2 percent of the UK gross national product is spent on advertising. But it must not be thought that this advertising tries to sell goods to consumers who do not want them. Of course, advertising does try to attract the interest of the __63__ consumer, but if the articles when __64__ does not match up to the standards that the advertising suggests that it will, it is obviously exceedingly unlikely that the article will sell well.

A. campaign　　　　　 B. noted　　　　　　　　　 C. focus　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. careful　　 E. released

F. fall　　　　　　　　　　 G. trend　　　　　　　 H. dead　　　　　　　　 I. major　　　　　　　　 J. extended

WASHINGTON (Reuters) — The U.S. unemployment rate probably rose in October as employers stepped up hiring only slightly, underscoring President Barack Obama’s vulnerability in next week’s presidential election.

Employers likely added 125,000 jobs to their payrolls last month, according to a Reuters survey of economists. That would be up from 114,000 in September, but would 　 41　 short of what is needed to quickly cut the jobless rate.

Indeed, economists expect the unemployment rate — a key 　　42　 in the neck-and-neck race for the White House ——to tick up by a tenth of a percentage point to 7.9 percent, reversing part of a surprise drop seen in September.

The Labor Department's closely watched report, which will be 　 43 at 8:30 a.m. (12:30 GMT) on Friday, will be the last 　44 report card on the economy before Tuesday's presidential election, which pits (使竞争）President Obama against Republican Mitt Romney.

If economists are right, it will show the eighth straight month of dull job growth, a worrisome　 45 that would likely reinforce the Federal Reserve's resolve to keep easy money policies in place until the economy shows more vigor.

"The weakness in overall economic growth momentum has 　 46 into the last quarter of the year," said Millan Mulraine, an economist at TD Securities in New York.

Romney has made the nation's feeble jobs market, which has caused Obama a lot of trouble since he took office in 2009, the centerpiece of his 　 47 . The last Reuters/Ipsos daily tracking poll showed Obama and Romney in a 　 48　 heat.

Still, the report could provide fodder for both candidates. Some economists have 　 49　 an increase in the jobless rate might have a silver lining if it is driven by Americans pouring into the labor market to restart job hunts.