请根据下面内容用英语写一篇短文，介绍著名黑人总统纳尔逊·曼德拉（Nelson Mandela）。

【写作内容】

生平：

1、1918年出生于南非特兰斯凯(Transkei)的部落家庭；

2013年12月6日因肺病去世，享年95岁。

2、尽管他被指定为部落的继承人，但是他拒绝了这个

大好机会，而投身于民族解放的事业中。

3、1962年，因反对种族压迫被捕入狱,在那度过了27年。

4、1993年，因他为南非作出的贡献被授予诺贝尔和平奖。

5、1994年，他成为南非历史上首位黑人总统。

评价：

1、一生致力于建立一个新的，平等的以及自由的南非

2、是世界上最伟大的人之一。

【参考词汇】 部落tribe；       继承人successor;          肺病 lung disease;

民族解放national liberation          种族压迫racial oppression

【写作要求】  只能使用5个句子表达全部内容。

【评分标准】  句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。

阅读下列应用文及相关信息,并按照要求匹配信息.

阅读以下学校各社团的介绍，并按照要求匹配信息。

阅读以下学生的相关信息，匹配适合他们的社团。

46. Cherry wants to join a club that will keep her fit and active but because she has a part-time job every workday evening she is only available to take part on the weekends.

47. David is a new student at the university, whose major is English literature. He is a little shy so is hoping to join a club that can help him get to know new people and build up his confidence.

48. Bonnie is majoring in drama and wants to be a scriptwriter when she graduates. She is interested in discovering new stories that she may one day be able to turn into movies. As her home is far from the university she is only free during the day to take part.

49. Betty is studying film making and one day hopes to become a director. But she thinks her ability to create beautiful visual images is not strong enough so she has recently purchased a camera to help her practice.

50. Jack is a first year geography student who would like to learn more about the geography of the local area. He is also worried about passing the English test that all students must take at the end of their first year of study. He has to return to his home to help his parents every weekend so is only free during weekdays.

    All parents know that one of their most important tasks is to prepare their children for an independent life, but any parent can tell you that it’s hard to let go of your children. That balance between keeping your children safe and allowing them to learn from their own mistakes can be heartbreaking. Years of experience means that parents often do know best, but on the other hand, the young, being less bound by tradition, are often more creative, more able to find new solutions to old problems. Revolutions are led by the young.

Good teachers make the growth of critical (批判性的) thinking easier in their students, only to find that this can lead to a questioning of the teachers’ basic beliefs. Schools encourage parents to become involved, but are often embarrassed when parents have reservations about some of the educational methods being used. Governments encourage unimportant groups to empower themselves in order to participate fully in the development process. And they are often surprised when the new leaders of these groups turn around and attack the policies of that same government. The rebellions (叛逆的)young and the newly unimportant groups are important in social development. They are not necessarily representatives of those they want to represent or not realistic in their demands, but their voices must be heard.

Good parents know that just forbidding particular behaviors does not prevent their children from finding ways to engage in these forbidden activities. Indeed, sometimes the forbidden fruit is more inviting, just because it is not accepted by authority. Parents must work with their children to educate them on the facts, know as much as possible about he lives of their children, provide a good example, encourage more wholesome activities but also support their children when they don’t follow what is expected of them. But the most important point is that they also need to learn how to let go.

41．By saying “Revolutions are led by the young”, the author indicates that young people are more     .

A．conventional     B．creative  C. realistic  D．heartbreaking

42．From the second paragraph we know         .

A．the voice of the rebellious young should be heard by the government

B．schools encourage parents to question their education methods

C．movement is satisfied with the new leaders’ attack on the policies

D． teachers’ basic beliefs should be questioned by students

43．In order to educate children well, parents should          .

A．forbid particular behaviors in their daily life

B．know as much as possible as their children

C．educate them with facts and expect much of them

D． know them well and set a good example to them

44．From the passage we can learn that the author prefers         .

A．free parenting                            B．traditional parenting    

C．smart parenting                            D． critical parenting

45．What is the best title of the passage?

A．Teaching Methods – for Teachers and Schools

B．Parents’ Tasks – in Children’s Development

C．Way of Growth – for the Young Groups

D．Letting Go – for Children’s Independent Life

Millions of people die of hunger in southern Africa every year, but when Zambia was offered thousands of tons of free maize by the US, the government politely paid no.
    “We don’t know whether the food is safe,” said Zambia’s commerce, Trade and Industry Minister Dipak Patel.
    His worries are shared by countries around the world that are in two minds about America’s genetically modified（GM,转基因的）crops．Just last week, EU（欧盟）member nations were discussing whether or not to import GM sweet corn from the US．
     Ever since people started farming, they have tried to crossbreed（杂交）plants to make them stronger or better tasting. At one time, only related plants could be crossed with each other．
      But when GM techniques were developed in the 1970s, scientists were able to put a single gene from a living creature into an unrelated creature.
    This means they can make crops more productive and resistant to disease by adding genes from other species．They can also create food with special characteristics, such as “golden rice”, which is enriched with vitamin A. But many people believe GM foods are a health risk.
    At the moment, the official argument is that GM foods “are not likely to present risks for human health”. But there are still many questions to be answered as the foods are produced in different ways.
    Some experts believe the genetic material added to plants can transfer to humans and give damage to our bodies. Further harm could be caused by the genes from GM plants crossbreeding with naturally produced crops．

People in China are also getting worried about GM foods. More than 70 percent of the country’s soybean oil is produced from imported GM soybeans. Meanwhile, an investigation last November found that 12 of 60 famous foods sold across the country were GM products. The government has begun to introduce a marking system for GM goods so that people can choose whether or not to eat them.

36. Which is the best title for the passage ?

 A. GM foods in China                       B. Advantages of GM foods   

 C. the techniques of GM foods       D. GM foods, a health risk?
37. Why has Zambia refused the American free maize?

 A. they worry about the safety of GM foods

B. they decide to follow EU member’s advice      

 C. Their problem of starvation is not serious         

D. they are too proud to accept free offer

38. It has been proved that _________.

 A. GM techniques can increase the production of crops

 B. GM food is better than naturally produced foods

 C. only related plans could be crossed with each other

 D. GM foods are harmful to people’s health   

39. Which of the following statement is TRUE?

 A. There is no GM foods in China.

 B. Some experts believe human bodies can absorb genetic material from GM foods. 

 C. China’s government doesn’t do anything about GM foods. 

 D. Only Zambia worries about the safety of GM foods.

40. What’s the author’s attitude towards GM foods?

   A. Supportive.     B. Doubtful.      C. Neutral.     D. Critical.

       While many countries in the world have seen a decline in forest resources, China has increased both the area and reserves of its forests and was listed as one of the 15 countries preserving the most area of forests by the United Nations Environment Program .Reserved man –made forests in China totaled 53.84 million hectares(公顷), the forest coverage rate being 18.21 percent .

       From 1998 to 2001, the Central Government invested 42.7 billion yuan in central and western China to protect vegetation ( 植被 ),support local farmers financially and promote projects for transforming  farmland back to forests and grassland .In 2003 ,the  Regulations on Transforming Farmlands back to Forest went into official force .The project to reforest farmland has been carried out all over the country .By 2004 ,13.33 million hectares of farmland had been reforested throughout China .Another effective measure of forest protection is the natural forest conservation program started in 1998 that stipulated a nationwide end to the cutting of trees in natural forests .

       As stipulated by the a Research Report on China’s Sustainable ( 可持续的 ) .Development Strategy on Forestry, China’s forest coverage rate is expected to reach 28 percent by 2050 with an added area of 110 million hectares of planted forest .Desertification is one of the most severe environmental problems facing China .The area of desertification, which is 2.62 million sq km or about 27 percent of China’s land area, is far beyond the nation’s total farmland. Today, although desertification has been controlled in some areas，it still is expanding at a rate of more than 3,000 sq km every year .

The State Forestry Administration has carried our a nationwide sand control program, which has three stages : the first stage aims to get basic control of desertification by 2010; the second stage aims to reduce the area of desertification every year until 2030; and the third phase aims to raise the nation's forest coverage and bring all desertification sources under effective control by the year 2050.

31．We can infer from the second paragraph that             .

        A．laws made to protect the natural forests were not so effective

        B．the government’s measures to enlarge forest coverage worked

        C．measures of protecting forest were not taken in East China

        D．the cutting of trees in natural forests was legal before 1998

32．The underlined word “ stipulated ”in paragraph two means           .

       A．increased               B．controlled                C．reduced                  D．demanded

33．We know from the third paragraph that            .

       A．forest coverage rate is lower than 28 percent at present                                            

       B．the farmland is much larger than deserts

       C．desertification area will be 2.65 million sq km in 2050

          D．the desertification has been under control

34．Which of the following statements is WRONG according to the passage?

       A．China’s progress in preserving forest is appreciated by UN.

       B．Lots of farmland and deserts have been reforested up to now.

       C．The desertification will be completely ended by the year 2030.

       D．The nationwide sand control includes three stages.

35．The passage mainly talks about                

       A．resource and environment problems facing China

       B．protection of forests and control of desertification

       C．China’s Sustainable Development Strategy on Forestry

       D．desertification sources under effective control.

Most American schools have boys and girls in the same classroom. But a public high school in the small, rural town of Boonsboro, Maryland, offers a special program called the Academy. Top students in the ninth and tenth grades can attend single-sex classes for math, science, English and social studies.

The aim is to help teenagers keep their mind on their work by keeping males and females apart. What they really want to do is to take that top group of kids and to take them to the very highest level they can achieve there, so that they’re prepared for college.

Students are invited to enter this program after they finish middle school, and placement in the Academy is voluntary. However, they need high marks and test scores and strong teacher recommendations. They also need to be involved in activities. Almost 350 students have taken part in the Academy. It began as an experiment in 2010.

Michael Bair has been at Boonsboro High for twenty years and directs the Academy. His ninth-grade English class for boys centers on books that he believes boys find interesting. He says that the novels the students are reading now are very manly novels. These novels deal with the arrogance (傲慢) of man and the pride of man which finally leads to man’s downfall.

One of those books, for example, is The Call of the Wild by Jack London. This classic story tells of a dog stolen from his home and sold to work as a sled dog in Canada’s Klondike Gold Rush.

Morgan Fleet, a senior at Boonsboro High, likes being in the Academy. She says boys and girls act differently when they are together in a classroom. She believes this difference seems to prevent her from developing herself because she’s more focused on thoughts like “Oh, I wish they would shut up. Oh, what do they think of me?’’ instead of focusing on “What’s the homework? What’s going on in this class? What’s the lesson?”

There is one activity that girls and boys in the Academy do together. At the end of the day, many of them stay and help tutor students who are having trouble in school.

26.  What is the purpose of the Academy program?

A. To offer a special program in high school.    

B. To start learning college courses earlier.

C. To strengthen sex education for teenagers.   

D. To help students concentrate on study.

27. To enter the Academy program, students are NOT required to _________.

A. have worked as volunteers            B. be recommended by teachers

C. take part in some activities                 D. do well in their study

28. The Call of the Wild is given as an example to show that male students _________.

A. should learn more about literature

B. are reading more manly novels

C. should have a sense of protecting the wildlife

 D. are interested in stories on animals

29. Which is likely to be Morgan Fleet’s opinion?

A. Boys and girls act the same in separate classrooms.

B. Single-sex classes should be stopped.

C. Girls are more focused when studying with boys.

D. A girl cares about the boys’ opinions of her.

30. The passage is intended to _________.

A. persuade students to enter the Academy program    

B. explain the differences between boys and girls

C. introduce the single-sex class project

D. urge students to work hard in their study

阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。

Sometimes Chinese English teachers    16     (puzzle) by such questions, “Have you got any skills in reading comprehension?” Actually, many of the teachers can’t give students   17   efficient way to deal with reading. Anyway, __18__ often simply say, “Read more and practise more, and you will get more experience in reading comprehension.” Frankly, these teachers’ good   19   (suggest) are only helpful to arouse students’ interest in reading   20    not helpful to deal with the questions in the examinations of reading comprehension.    21  (personal), I think the skill for reading comprehension should be based on the knowledge of English writing.   22  the English passages are written under some rules or principles, the science of reading and understanding may have a close relationship with writing. Reading comprehension can’t be independent from the knowledge of writing. So __23__ (do) better in reading comprehension, we should learn the knowledge of writing, study how questions are designed and the relationship __24_   _ questions and the reading materials,    25     is beneficial to our English learning.

A lady and her husband stepped off the train in Boston. They walked without an appointment（预约）into the outer office of Harvard’s president. But they were   1   by his secretary and kept waiting. For hours, the secretary took no notice of them,   2   that the couple would finally become   3   and go away. But they didn’t. The secretary finally decided to disturb the president, though   4   .

   A few minutes later, the president walked towards the couple with a   5   face. The lady told him, “We had a son that    6   Harvard for one year. He loved Harvard. He was happy here. But about a year ago, he was accidentally killed. My husband and I would like to   7   a memorial（纪念物）to him, somewhere on campus.”

   The president wasn’t    8   . Instead, he was shocked. “Madam,” he said, “we can’t put up a statue for every person who studied at Harvard and   9  . If we did, this place would look like a cemetory,” “Oh, no,” the lady   10   quickly “We don’t want to put up a statue. We would like to give a   11   to Harvard.” The president rolled his eyes and   12   at the couple and then exclaimed, “A building! Do you have any idea how much a building costs? We have spent over $7 500 000 on the campus building at Harvard.” For a moment the lady was silent. The president was    13  , because he could get rid of them now. Then the lady turned to her husband and said quietly, “Is that all it costs to start a   14  ? Why don’t we just start our own?” Her husband nodded. Since their offer was turned down, Mr. and Mrs. Stanford traveled to California where they founded the University that bears their   15  , a memorial to a son that Harvard no longer cared about.

1.A.watched        B. interviewed          C. followed                D. stopped

2.A. finding        B. hoping          C. realizing              D. imagining

3.A.disappointed     B. surprised       C. worried              D. troubled

4.A.hopelessly      B. carefully        C. unwillingly             D. unexpectedly

5.A. cold           B. funny           C. pleasant           D. sad

6.A. visited        B. attended         C. studied            D. served

7.A.set about            B. take over          C. take down           D. set up

8.A.satisfied       B. moved           C. excited               D. ashamed

9.A.died          B. encouraged       C. killed                  D. fought

10.A.refused       B. expressed         C. explained          D. admitted

11.A. square       B. yard             C. playground             D. building

12.A.laughed            B. shouted           C. called               D. glanced

13.A.bored         B. pleased          C. interested         D. astonished

14.A. university     B. department        C. business         D. club

15.A. picture        B. character         C. name             D. sign

阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

The summer holiday had come to an end before I knew it. Like any other kids, I came to a new school with a suitcase. There were six of us living in a small room about fifteen square meters. Luckily, everything went on well in the first three weeks.

A week ago, one of my roommates brought in a very large suitcase and placed it under her bed, but days later, she found something wrong with her suitcase. As we live on the ground floor, her case soon got wet. She took it out and after drying it up, she just put it on her desk because she had no other choices. I happened to be opposite her desk and her suitcase was so large that it not only occupied the whole of her desk but half of mine as well. I was very much annoyed, so I angrily pushed it forward without first talking to her about it. I pushed a bit too hard and the case fell off her desk, messing up everything it contained. On seeing this, she flew into a temper and angrily shouted at me. The quarrel started and lasted about two hours.

When I calmed down days later, I thought over the quarrel and began to see something. I should have talked to her about it first and then worked with her to find a solution to the problem. Living in a room with limited space, we should learn to get on well with one another.

【写作内容】

1. 以30个词概括上文的主要内容。

2. 用大约120词以“处理同学之间的矛盾”这个话题发表看法，内容包括：

1) 你喜欢寄宿学校吗？为什么？

2）同一宿舍的同学之间常常会出现哪些问题？

3) 举例说明你或你的室友在矛盾出现后是怎么解决的。

【写作要求】

1.    在作文中可以使用自己亲身的经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容但不得直 接引用原文中的句子；

2.    作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

【评分标准】

概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。

2013年10月22日下午，我校学生会就1000名家长针对“老师是否应该批评学生”这个问题进行了一次调查。请用英文写一份调查报告。调查结果如下：

【写作内容】

 涵盖以上所有信息。

【写作要求】

只能使用5个句子表达全部内容。

【评分标准】

句子结构准确， 信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。