Scientists have learned a lot about the kinds of food people need. They say that there are several kinds of food that people should eat every day. They are: (1) green and yellow vegetables of all kinds;  (2)citrus （柑橘）fruits and tomatoes; (3) potatoes and other fruits and vegetables ; (4) meat of all kinds, fish and eggs; (5) milk and foods made from milk; (6) bread or cereal (谷物), rice is also in this kind of foods; (7) Butter or something like butter. 
People in different countries and different places of the world eat different kinds of things. Foods are cooked and eaten in many different kinds of ways.  People in different countries eat at different times of the day. In some places people eat once or twice a day; in other countries people eat three or four times a day. Scientists say that none of the differences is really important. It doesn’t matter whether foods are eaten raw or cooked, canned or frozen. It doesn’t matter if a person eats dinner at 4 o’clock in the afternoon or at eleven o’clock at night. The important thing is what you eat every day.
There are two problems, then, in feeding the large number of people on earth. The first thin g is to find some ways to feed the world’s population so that no one is hungry. The second is to make sure that people everywhere have the right kind of food to make them grow to be strong and healthy.
【小题1】 According to the scientists, which of the following groups of food is the healthiest for your lunch?

A．chicken, apples, cereal, cabbages.	B．potatoes, carrots, rice, bread.
C．oranges, bananas, fish, tomatoes.	D．beef, pork, fish, milk

【小题2】 It is important for people to eat __________.

A．three times a day	B．dinner at twelve o’clock
C．cooked food all the day
D．something from each of the seven kinds of food every day.

【小题3】People in different countries and different places of the world________________.

A．have the right kinds of food to eat	B．cook their food in the same way
C．have their meals at the same time	D．eat food in different ways.

【小题4】 Which of the following is NOT true?

A．People in some places don’t have enough to eat.

B．There are too many people in the world.

C．One of the problems is that no one is hungry.

D．The scientists are trying to make people e grow to be strong and healthy.

【小题5】If there is paragraph 4, what do you think is going to be talked about?

A．When people eat their lunch.	B．What to do with the two problems.
C．How to cook food in different ways.	D．Why people eat different kinds of food.

Before astronauts can go into space, they have to have the right suit. That’s why NASA（美国国家航天和航空局）scientists are developing a new kind of space suit——lighter and more flexible than before. These new space suits will have lots of mobility(灵活性) for the astronauts, but will not need much maintenance. NASA wants the suits to include new technology that can help astronauts be safe in outer space.
Right now, the American space suit weighs about 275 pounds and is big and massive. But the suit is also easy to work in for long periods of time. The Russian space suit is less complicated, but is used only a few times and then gets thrown away.
“Finding the right balance is always going to be a challenge,” said a long-time astronaut Jeff Williams. Williams has worn both types of suits. Space suits protect astronauts from both extreme heat and freezing temperatures. They carry life-packs with oxygen for the astronauts. They also shield astronauts from radiation, or particles that send out harmful rays.
Scientists are using computers to design the new suits. This allows them to change the design again and again, and to even test the design out before actually making anything. “There’s a lot more capable tools and technology to get the job done——a lot more knowledge, as well,” said Joe Kosmo. Kosmo helped design, develop, and test suits during the Mercury, Gemini, Apollo, Skylab, and shuttle periods.
These new space suits will be much lighter and use a new kind of complex material. They also will have a smaller life support backpack, thanks to tiny electronics. NASA hopes to have the first prototypes(原型) in development by 2010 and certify(证明) the suit by 2012. This will be in time for the launch of the Orion spaceship in 2014.
【小题1】 What characteristic does the new space suit have?

A．The new space suit will need much maintenance.

B．The new space suit will be heavier than before.

C．The new space suit will have less mobility than before.

D．The new suit will use new technology to help astronauts be safe in outer space.

【小题2】What’s the disadvantage of the Russian space suit?

A．The Russian space suit is big and massive.

B．The Russian space suit is much complicated.

C．The Russian space suit is merely used a few times.

D．The Russian space suit is easy to work in for long periods of time.

【小题3】The underlined word “shield” in the third paragraph might mean_______.

A．harm

B．protect

C．help

D．warn

【小题4】Why can scientists test the design out before actually making the new space suits?

A．Because designing the new space suit is not a complex task.

B．Because computers are being used to help scientists design the new space suits.

C．Because it needs little knowledge to design the new space suits.

D．Because the scientists only change the old space suits a little and make them into the new ones.

【小题5】How long will it take scientists to put the new space suits from prototypes into the first practical use?

A．Two years.

B．Three years.

C．Four years.

D．Six years.

Scientists are closely concerned with the structure of buildings and with the quality of building materials． The World health Organization （WHO) observes that the introduction of air conditioning and energy conservation （保护) measures have been accompanied by growing problems of indoor air quality． Some pollutants arise from insulation （隔音) products, some from moving cars, and others from modern housing materials． As many Europeans spend up to 90% of their lives in buildings, the health effects of the indoor climate are very important．
　　Some construction materials, including fiberboard, insulation foams and certain glues for man-made wood floor boards, for example, give out organic products such as formaldehyde （甲醛)． Heat and humidity increase the release of formaldehyde and the gas seriously harms the eyes． Paint, lacquer, etc． can also release dangerous gas into indoor air．
　　Construction materials can cause serious damage, especially when they contain asbestos（石棉）． Asbestos is naturally present in rock formations worldwide． It belongs to a family of mineral substances made up of solid, non-combustible（非易燃品） fiber． These properties make asbestos a highly sought-after construction material． As early as 1931, however, public health officers in the United Kingdom revealed the connection between breathing in asbestos dust and such diseases as lung cancer．
　　The land on which a building is sited may also contribute to pollution． Some kinds of granite or similar rocks contain traces of radium． As it breaks down, this naturally radioactive element produces some kind of radioactive gas that goes through tiny cracks in walls, floors and building materials, and makes its way into the building and the rooms． The better the homes are insulated, the more is the dangerous gas in indoor air． The main effect of this dangerous gas on health is to increase the risk of lung cancer．
【小题1】What is the main idea of the passage?

A．Some building materials pollute indoor air．

B．Some factors cause indoor air pollution．

C．Asbestos can cause lung cancer．

D．The land on which houses are built contributes to indoor pollution．

【小题2】Why are Europeans particularly concerned with building materials?

A．Lots of building materials there are radioactive．

B．They stay home up to 90% of their lives．

C．They have a high rate of lung cancer．

D．They spend most of their time indoors．

【小题3】Why is asbestos a sought-after building material?

A．It is a kind of insulation foam．

B．Asbestos will not give out dangerous gas．

C．This material is not easy to catch fire．

D．It is rarely present in rock formations．

【小题4】Why should we be careful about the land on which a building is to be sited?

A．To determine whether the land is firm enough for a building to be sited on．

B．To make sure that the land contains no radioactive material．

C．To make certain that the land releases no formaldehyde or other gases．

D．To check whether it contains any combustible materials．

In the future your automobile will run on water instead of gas! You will be able to buy a supercomputer that fits in your pocket! You might even drive a flying car!
For each prediction that has come true today, several others have missed by a mile. Many of these predictions didn’t consider how people would want to use the technology, or if people really needed it in their lives or not. Let’s look at some predictions from the not-too-distant past.
Robot Helpers
Where’s the robot in my kitchen? Nowhere, of course. And he’s probably not coming anytime soon. Robots do exist today, but mostly in factories and other manufacturing environments.
Back in the 1950s, however, people said that by now personal robots would be in most people’s homes.
So why hasn’t it happened?  Probably because robots are still too expensive and clumsy. And maybe the idea of robots cooking our dinners and washing our clothes is just too weird. At home we seem to be doing fine without them.
Telephones of Tomorrow
In 1964 an American company introduced the video telephone. They said by the year 2000 most people would have a video phone in their homes. But of course the idea hasn’t caught on yet.
Why? The technology worked fine, but it over—looked something obvious: people’s desire for privacy. Would you want to have a video phone conversation with someone after you just step out of the shower?  Probably not---it could be embarrassing! Just because a technology available doesn’t always mean people will want to use it.
And finally, how about that crazy prediction of the flying car? It’s not so crazy anymore! But a flying car remains one of the most fascinating technology ideas to capture our imagination. Keep watching the news, or perhaps the sky outside your window, to see what the future will bring.
【小题1】 The whole passage is mainly about ________________.

A．predictions that have come true.	B．predictions that haven’t come true.
C．why predictions don’t come true easily.	D．what technology will bring about.

【小题2】The author of this passage won’t believe that _________________.

A．predictions needn’t consider people’s practical use of technology.

B．the future isn’t always easy to guess.

C．not all past predictions have come true.

D．many of the high—tech things our parents thought we’d be using by now

simply never appeared.
【小题3】The underlined word “weird” probably means __________.

A．wonderful

B．stupid

C．practical

D．strange

【小题4】 What does the author think of the flying car?

A．It is too difficult to imagine.	B．It is too crazy an idea.
C．It is likely to be made.	D．It is often reported in the news.

Broken rubber bands and flat tires requiring replacement could soon be a thing of the past．
French researchers have developed a new kind of rubber that can repair itself when broken．The new rubber is made from widely available materials including vegetable oil and a common industrial chemical．All the materials are considered safe to the environment and can be easily reused．
The best part is that the new rubber can be repaired and used again and again without losing its strength or ability or stretch．When cut, the rubber can be made new again, simply by pressing the two broken ends back together．
The product can be repaired at room temperature, around twenty degrees Centigrade；other self-healing materials require higher temperatures for repair．
Traditionally, rubber substances are made from huge molecules（分子）connected by strong chemical links, or bonds．The new rubber is made of smaller molecules．The molecules are linked together using hydrogen bonds．When connected in this way, the molecules act like one long molecule, forming what is called supramolecular networks（超分子网）．When the rubber is cut, the molecules attempt to connect with whatever molecule is near them．When pressed together, the molecules are able to repair themselves at the molecular level, making the repaired rubber like new．
However, time is an important element in the process．If the broken ends are not brought together quickly, a repair is not possible．This is because molecules will form bonds with molecules on their own side．The inventors say the surfaces of the rubber can be repaired within a week of being separated．
The rubber is the creation of scientists at the Industrial Physics and Chemistry Higher Education Institution in Paris．The organization is part of France’s National Center for Scientific Research．The new material is described in greater detail in the research publication Nature．
【小题1】According to the introduction, which of the following is NOT the advantage of the new rubber?

A．It can be made as easily as common rubber．

B．It is environmentally-friendly．

C．It can repair itself at room temperature．

D．It is made of smaller molecules．

【小题2】What does the 5th paragraph mainly tell us?

A．Why the new rubber is unique．

B．Why the new rubber can repair itself．

C．The new rubber is made from huge molecules．

D．The new rubber is different from the common rubber．

【小题3】If we want to know more about the technology of this kind of new rubber, where can we get the information?

A．In the researchers’ diary．

B．In a guide book．

C．In a research magazine．

D．In a newspaper．

There is a definite possibility that the climate of the world may be changing. Some scientists imagine that this could even mean the beginning of another ice age. The effects of such a change in climate on the human population of the world would be startling（惊人的）.
Recent research suggests that the general warming trend of the past hundred years or so may be coming to an end. During the past ten years, meteorologists tell us the average temperature of the Earth has dropped about one degree Fahrenheit. This does not seem like much, but it could have effects on wind and rain patterns which influence the overall weather picture. If these patterns change a lot, it could mean that certain regions of the world may continue to have long droughts while others will possibly suffer from widespread flooding.
What regulates（调节）the climate is not exactly known. Meteorologists believe that clouds may be an important factor in regulating the amount of solar heat held by the Earth, which in turn determines the temperature of the planet. Another possibility is that man’s industrial and agricultural methods may be affecting the natural weather patterns. However, the weather is not understood well enough for scientists to say for certain what is happening to the climate and what side effects this will actually have on the world’s population.
【小题1】According to the passage, the climate of the world seems to    .

A．be getting colder	B．be getting warmer
C．remain the same in the past ten years	D．have good effects on the world’s population

【小题2】Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A．Man’s activities have no effect on the climate.

B．Another ice age will come soon.

C．People don’t care about the changing climate.

D．Scientists are not yet sure about the reason for the changing climate.

【小题3】A meteorologist is a person who        .
reads weather forecasts on radio or television 
B. thinks there will be another ice age
C. studies and knows about the weather       
D. believes there will be widespread flooding
【小题4】 Which of the following may be the factor(s) that affect(s) the natural weather patterns?

A．Clouds.	B．The amount of heat the Earth receives.
C．Man’s industrial and agricultural methods.	D．All of the above.

【小题5】The best title for the passage would be         .

A．Droughts and Floods.	B．Meteorologists
C．The Changing Climate	D．Solar Heat

阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。
B 
　Two experts did some experiments on two groups of people — one who tended to sleep less than the
people around them and the other group more.
According to their report that the “short sleepers” had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens. But at about age 15 or so, the men automatically began to cut down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school, work, and other activities. These men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines.
　　 In general, these “short sleepers” appeared with ambition, active, energetic, cheerful, and conformist (不动摇) in their opinions, and very sure about their career choices. They often held several jobs at once, or even worked full time while going to school. And many of them had a strong urge to appear “acceptable” or “outstanding” to their friends and associates.
　　When asked to recall their dreams, the “short sleepers” did poorly. More than this, they seemed to prefer not remembering them. In similar fashion, their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed, and then to keep busy in the hope that the trouble would go away.
　　The experts also stated that those “long sleepers” were quite different indeed. They reported that those men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood. They seemed to enjoy their sleep, protected it, and were a bit concerned when they were occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest. They tended to recall their dreams much better than the “short sleepers did.
　　Many of the “long sleepers” were shy, anxious, introverted (内向), inhibited (压抑), passive, mildly depressed, and unsure of themselves (particularly in social situations). Several openly express it that being asleep was a good escape from their daily problems.
All in all, proper time of sleeping should be admired, not too long, neither too short.
【小题1】According to the report, ______.

A．many “short sleepers” need less sleep just by nature

B．many “short sleepers” are obliged to reduce sleep time by work

C．long sleepers sleep a longer period of time during the day

D．many “long sleepers” formed sleeping habit during childhood

【小题2】 Many “short sleepers” are likely to hold the view that ______.

A．sleep is a very efficient escape from the reality

B．sleep is just an item which should be denied by them

C．sleep might be a disturbing thing for their daily business

D．sleep is the best way to deal with psychological troubles

【小题3】 It is stated in the forth paragraph that “short sleepers” ______.

A．are ideally energetic under the pressures of life

B．often ignore the ill effect of not enough sleep

C．do not know how to relax themselves properly

D．are more unlikely to run into mental problems

【小题4】Which of the following is nearest to the meaning of “… were a bit concerned” in the fifth Para?

A．appeared troubled	B．became energetic
C．felt dissatisfied	D．were much depressed

【小题5】Which of the following is NOT correct according to the passage?

A．If one sleeps improperly, his performance suffers and his memory is weakened

B．The sleep patterns of short sleepers are the same as those shown by “long sleepers”

C．Long and short sleepers differ in their attitudes towards sleep

D．Short sleepers may have been better off if they have more rest

The Mystery of the Flashing Fireflies
During summer nights fireflies flash in the darkness. They look like bright spots of light dancing on the breeze. Catching them in a jar for a few minutes can be fun. Fireflies are not really flies, though. They are winged beetles. Scientists are using these special beetles to learn more about our world.
The reason a firefly flashed its light is to find a mate. There are around two thousand species, or kinds, of fireflies. Fireflies mate only with their own species. Each kind of firefly has its own flash pattern. It is important that fireflies recognize this pattern. That way they can find bugs of their own kind. The male firefly flies around in the sky while the female firefly stays close to the ground.
For many years, how a firefly flashes its light was a mystery. Scientists now know that a firefly’s light is a cold light. It gives off all of its power as light. It does not produce heat. A normal light bulb gives off only ten percent of its power as light. The rest of the power is wasted as heat. That is why a light bulb that has been on for a while is very hot. The firefly’s light does not feel hot like a light bulb.
Scientists have also learned that fireflies have a small built-in lantern. This special lantern is located inside a firefly’s body. To create light, a gas flows through tiny tubes. This causes the firefly to light up. A firefly can also turn its light on and off quickly. This puzzled scientists. They learned that short bursts of this gas make the firefly glow. When the gas fades, the light goes out. This process happens very quickly.
Scientists know that what they learn from fireflies will be important. Medical studies using fireflies are helping scientists fight illnesses in human beings. They have made new medicines from the chemicals used by fireflies to make light. Fireflies have also helped with new discoveries. New flashlights and flares have been made based on fireflies. These new flashlights and flares produce a cold light like a firefly. This way all the power makes the light shine. This little bug may be a pleasure to watch, but it is also an important part of our lives.
【小题1】Why did the author most likely include Paragraph 4?

A．To explain how fireflies make light.	B．To describe different kinds of fireflies.
C．To show how much power fireflies use.	D．To describe why fireflies make light.

【小题2】Which of these is the best choice for a heading for Paragraph 5?

A．The Cool Light of Fireflies	B．Watching Fireflies Flash
C．Understanding the Patterns	D．Learning from Fireflies

【小题3】According to the passage, a firefly’s light is different from a light bulb’s light because the firefly’s light _______.

A．shines brighter

B．does not fade

C．lasts longer

D．is not hot

【小题4】A reader asks this question about the passage: “ How many different kinds of fireflies are there?” Which paragraph from the passage answers the question?

A．Paragraph 2

B．Paragraph 3

C．Paragraph 4

D．Paragraph 5

【小题5】The author most likely wrote this passage in order to __.

A．tell why fireflies light up	B．give facts about fireflies
C．show how fireflies help doctors	D．compare a firefly to a light bulb

US bees operation keeping groups have been attacked seriously by so called Colony Collapse Disorder (蜂群衰竭失调)．Almost 1/2 of their worker bees have vanished during the past season．This disorder has also been reported in Israel, Europe and South America．Bees fly away from the hive and never return．Sometimes they are found dead; other times they are never found．Many crops and trees depend on pollination--- by bees to help them grow． 
A new report says a virus may be at least partly responsible for the disorder in honey bee colonies in the United States．This virus is called Israeli acute paralysis virus．It was first found in Israel in 2004．Lan Lipkin at Columbia University in New York and a team reported the new findings in Science Magazine．Doctor Lipkin says the virus may not be the only cause．He says it may work with other causes to produce the collapse disorder．
The team found the virus in colonies with the help of a map of honey bee genes that was published last year．They examined thirty colonies affected by the disorder．They found evidence of the virus in twenty-five of them, and in one healthy colony．The next step is further testing of healthy hives．
The researchers suggested that the United States may have imported the disorder in bees from Australia．They say the bees may carry the virus but not be affected．
The idea is that unlike many American bees, the ability of Australian bees to fight disease has not been hurt by the varroasis mite．This insect attacks honey bees, which could make the disorder more likely to affect a hive．Australian bee producers object to these suspicions．
And some researchers suspect that bee production in the United States is down mainly because of the weather．Honey bees gather nectar from flowers and trees．The sweet liquid gives them food and material to make honey．But cold weather this spring in the Midwest reduced the flow of nectar in many flowers．Many bees may have starved．Dry weather in areas of the country could also be playing apart．
Wayne Esaias is a NASA space agency scientist who keeps bees in his free time．He lives in central Maryland, where he has found that flowers are blooming a month earlier than they did in 1970, which may be partly responsible for the disorder. Wayne Esaias is organizing a group of beekeepers to document nectar flow around the country.
【小题1】What is the author’s attitude toward the cause of this disorder?

A．Doubtful

B．Neutral

C．Supportive

D．Negative

【小题2】The passage is mainly developed by            .

A．presenting the effect and analyzing its causes

B．making comparisons between two countries

C．providing data and examples

D．following the time order

【小题3】How many possibilities may be involved in the bee disorder according to the passage?

A．Three

B．Four

C．Five

D．Six

【小题4】From the passage we can infer that           .

A．American bees are more likely to defend themselves against hurt from other insects than Australian ones

B．A collection of plants production in the U.S may be influenced by the bee disorder

C．Israeli acute paralysis virus should be responsible for the disorder

D．The solution to the disorder will be found eventually

Astronauts’ meals have come a long way from the free-dried powders and semi—liquid pastes of decades ago，now US scientists want to grow vegetables in mini—greenhouses on the moon．
Scientists say they are looking forward to a time when residents of future lunar or even Martian outsteps will be able to dine on fresh vegetables．Paragon Space Development Corporation has unveiled what it called the first step toward growing flowers——and eventually food on the moon．
This is a sealed greenhouse that looks like a bell jar encased in a 46-cm triangular aluminiumframe．It is designed to safely land a laboratory plant on the lunar surface，and protect it while it grows．
The miniature greenhouse is to be launched into space by Odyssey Moon Ltd, a participant in the Google Lunar X Prize. This competition offers $21 million to any entrant who can launch, land and operate a rover on the lunar surface.
Paragon officials say future testing of the “Lunar Oasis” will be driven by Odyssey’s flight Schedule, which will not happen until 2012 at the earliest．
When it does lift off the greenhouse will contain the seeds of Brassica, a hardy plant related to Brussels sprouts and cabbage. Because Brassica goes from seed to flower in just 14 days, it can complete its life cycle in a single lunar night.
“Colonizing the Moon or Mars seems so far away，but it is important that we do this research now. ”Paragon president Jane Poynter said．
“It takes a long time to get a lot of research, and to get integrated, reliable efficient systems before colonists move in. ”she said．
【小题1】The article is written mainly to__________．

A．predict the astronauts’ meals in the future

B．introduce an experiment “Lunar Oasis’’

C．tell us the future development of astronomy

D．focus on the human’s great progress

【小题2】The article implies that__________．

A．astronauts can grow flowers in space at present
B．Paragon and NASA will carry out the test separately
C．Lunar Oasis is a series of experiments carried out in space	D．the earliest testing of the Lunar Oasis may be in 2012

【小题3】The underlined word “colonists” in the last paragraph probably has the meaning of______．

A．plants

B．wild beasts

C．human beings

D．scientists

【小题4】The seeds of Brassica will be contained in the greenhouse mainly because _________.

A．their life cycle is much shorter

B．they are more nutritious than other food

C．they are related to Brussels sprouts and cabbage

D．they are very delicious