In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child’s acquisition（学会）of each new skill — the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is common that parents hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, and a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm（热情） for life and his desire to find out new things for himself.
Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters; others are severe over time of coming home at night or punctuality（准时）for meals. In general, the controls imposed（强加的）represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community（社区）as much as the child’s own happiness.
As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality.  Also, parents should realize that “example is better than precept”. If they are not sincere and do not practice what they preach（说教）, their children may grow confused, and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled.
A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents’ principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment.
【小题1】Eagerly watching the child’s acquisition of new skills _____.

A．should be avoided

B．is universal among parents

C．sets up dangerous states of worry in the child

D．will make him lose interest in learning new things

【小题2】When children are learning new skills, parents should _____.

A．achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their own

B．not expect too much of them

C．encourage them to read before they know the meaning of the words they read

D．create as many learning opportunities as possible

【小题3】The second paragraph mainly tells us that _____.

A．parental restrictions vary, and are not always enforced for the benefit of the children alone

B．parental controls satisfy only the needs of the parents and the values of the community

C．parents should be strict with their children

D．parents vary in their strictness towards their children according to the situation

【小题4】The underlined word “precept” （in Paragraph 3） probably means “_____”.

A．idea

B．punishment

C．instruction

D．behaviour

【小题5】In moral matters, parents should _____.

A．satisfy their children’s needs

B．be aware of the marked difference between adults and children

C．forbid things which have no foundation in morality

D．observe（遵守，奉行） the rules themselves

Competition between international universities is heating up, as China grows as one of the largest exporters of students aiming to study abroad. “Lots of universities are becoming more and more aggressive to attract Chinese students. Every day I receive contacts from universities in the US expressing the desire to come to China to recruit students,” said Frank Joseph, a commercial officer from embassy of the United States.
One key reason why more Chinese students are able to study abroad is the economy: With China’s boom within the past decade, more families have the financial wherewithal (资金) to send their children to international universities. There will be a total of 200,000 family-funded Chinese students studying overseas in 2011, up 20 percent from last year, said Wu Zaofeng, deputy secretary general of China Education Association for International Exchange.
International institutions, Joseph said, are also facing increasingly tough financial situation with a shortage of domestic students and a drop in government subsidies (补贴). Students, especially in the US are paying high tuition fees and living expenses. Chinese students with money to spend, according to experts, can fill up the gap. Students on average spend 150,000 yuan to 200,000 yuan every year studying in US, according to statistics from the US Institute of International Education. During 2009-2010, there were approximately 81,000 Chinese students studying in the US, up 19.8 percent from 2008.
Representatives from approximately 60 universities from the United States are planning to arrive in Beijing this weekend to attract more Chinese students at this year’s fair. Besides the US, many other countries are also vying (竞争) to enroll Chinese students.
Post-study work visa put out by British government allows all international students completing a UK degree qualification to apply for a visa to stay on and look for work in UK for up to 2 years. Being the third most popular destination for international students next to the US and the UK, France has set up two types of scholarships and has handed out an increase of 26 percent in scholarship funds to Chinese students in recent years.
【小题1】The reason for heating up competition between international universities is __________.

A．that China has become one of the largest exporters of the students aiming to study abroad

B．China’s boom, the students’ desire and foreign universities’ commercial motive

C．that the students in China are becoming richer and richer

D．that the students in foreign countries do not want to go to universities

【小题2】Why are more Chinese students able to study abroad?

A．Because their families have enough money to send them to international universities.

B．Because they can’t go to the best universities at home.

C．Because they want to win the scholarship of foreign universities

D．Because the Chinese students enjoy following others and they want to be independent.

【小题3】Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A．In 2011 there will be 200,000 Chinese students studying in the US.

B．Chinese students are able to study abroad for their relatives overseas.

C．In 2011 there will be 200,000 state-funded Chinese students studying overseas.

D．There are fewer family-funded Chinese students studying abroad in 2010 than in 2011.

【小题4】From the passage we can learn that __________.

A．the number of foreign students is becoming smaller and smaller

B．the international universities are short of money

C．there were approximately 81,000 foreign students studying in the US during 2009-2010

D．the Chinese students spend more money than the American students

Of all the areas of learning the most important is the development of attitudes. Emotional reactions as well as logical thought processes affect the behavior of most people.
“The burnt child fears the fire” is one instance; another is the rise of figures like Hitler. Both these examples point up the fact that attitudes come from experience. In the one case the experience was direct and impressive; in the other it was indirect and gradual.
The classroom teacher in the elementary school is in strategic position to influence attitudes. This is true partly because children acquire attitudes from those adults whose word they respect.
Another reason it is true is that pupils often search somewhat deeply into a subject in school that has only been touched upon at home or has possibly never occurred to them before. To a child who has previously acquire little knowledge of Mexico, his teacher’s method of handling such a unit would greatly affect his attitude toward Mexicans.
The teacher can develop proper attitudes through social studies, science matters, the very atmosphere of the classroom, etc. However, when children come to school with undesirable attitudes, it is unwise to attempt to change their feelings by criticizing them. The teacher can achieve the proper effect by helping them obtain constructive experience.
To illustrate, first-grade pupils, afraid of policemen will probably change their attitudes after a classroom talk with the neighborhood officer in which he explains how he protects them. In the same way, a class of older children can develop attitudes through discussion, research, outside reading and all-day trips.
Finally, a teacher must constantly evaluate her own attitudes, because her influence can be harmful she has personal prejudices. This is especially true in respect to controversial issues and questions of which children should be encouraged to reach their own decisions as result of objective analysis of all the facts.
【小题1】The author uses the phrase “the burnt child fears the fire” in order to __________.

A．stress the importance of keeping child from the fire

B．exemplify（例证） the opinion that attitudes come from experience

C．illustrate the important role of attitudes towards study in the early childhood

D．none of the above

【小题2】According to the author, teachers may have great influence on children’s attitudes because___________.

A．they can use marks to judge students

B．they can control students’ behavior

C．they may judge a student from their own likes and dislikes

D．their words are usually respected by the children

【小题3】Through which of the following factor a teacher CANNOT develop proper attitudes of students?

A．Social studies	B．Science matters
C．The very atmosphere of the classroom	D．Criticism of children’s behavior

【小题4】In the author’s opinion, a teacher must constantly evaluate her own attitudes because_______.

A．her personal attitudes may affect her students if she is prejudiced

B．she need to improve herself too

C．she is also often influenced by her students

D．she may not have a constant attitude towards some controversial sues（控诉）

【小题5】The main readers of this passage may be ___________.

A．psychologists conducting complicated experiments

B．parents who have children in school

C．school teachers

D．students in primary school

“Creativity is the key to a brighter future,” say education and business experts. Here is how schools and parents can encourage this important skill in children.
If Dick had listened to his boss in 1925, we might not have a product that we now think of as of great importance: a new type of tape. Dick worked for the Minnesota Mining Company. At work he developed a kind of material strong enough to hold things together. But his boss told him not to think more about the idea. Finally, using his own time, Dick improved the tape, which now is used everywhere by many people. And his former company learned from its mistake. Now it encourages people to spend 15 percent of their work time just thinking about and developing new ideas.
Creativity is not something one is just born with, nor is it necessarily a character of high intelligence. The fact that a person is highly intelligent does not mean that he uses it creatively. Creativity is the matter of using the resources one has to produce new ideas that are good for something.
Unfortunately, schools have not tried to encourage creativity. With strong attention to test results and the development of reading, writing and mathematical skills, many educators give up creativity for correct answers. The result is that children can give back information but can’t recognize ways to use it in new situation. They may know the rules correctly but they are unable to use them to work out practical problems.
It is important to give children choices. From the earlier age, children should be allowed to make decisions and understand their results. Even if it’s choosing between two food items for lunch, decision-making helps thinking skills. As children grow older, parents should let their children decide how to use their time or spend their money. This is because the most important character of creative people is a very strong desire to find a way out of trouble.
【小题1】What did the company where Dick once worked learn from its mistake?

A．They encouraged people to work a longer time.

B．They discouraged people to think freely.

C．They asked people to spend all their work time developing new ideas.

D．They encouraged people to spend some of their work time considering and improving new ideas.

【小题2】Creativity is something __

A．that people are born with

B．that depends on intelligence

C．that is a way of using what one has learnt to work out new problems

D．that is not important at all

【小题3】Why don’t schools try to encourage creativity?

A．They don’t understand the importance of education.

B．They don’t want their students to make mistakes.

C．They pay too much attention to exam marks, language and mathematical skills.

D．They think it more important to remember some information.

【小题4】 What should the parents do when their children decide how to spend their money?

A．Try to help them as much as possible.

B．Take no notice of whatever they do.

C．Leave them as they are.

D．Help them if their decision is wrong, but not too much.

?New York State has passed the USA’s first state law banning motorists talking on hand-held cell phones. The ban will begin November 1st, although drivers caught using hand-held cell phones will be given only warnings during the first month. 
First-time violators（违法者）will face a ＄100 fine. A second time call for a ＄200 fine and every violation after that will cost＄500. 
At least a dozen localities（地方）have established bans, starting in 1999; and 40 states have had bans proposed but not passed. At least 23 countries, including the Great Britain, Italy, Israel and Japan, ban drivers from using hand-held cell phones. 
There are about 115 million cell phones in use in the United States and more than 6 million in New York State. 
“To think that I’m not going to use cell phone when at the same time I can still use my laptop(膝上电脑), I still can read a paper, I can still change my trousers while driving 65 mph. I think there’s just something wrong,” an official said. 
Other critics noted that other things like eating, drinking coffee and applying make up while driving caused at least as much of a concern. They suggested that the ban include a broader range of things. 
【小题1】 How much fine will a hand-held cell phone user receive if he has been caught using it four times while driving after November？

A．＄500.

B．＄1000.

C．＄1200.

D．＄1300.

【小题2】. We can see from this passage that ____. 

A．the ban has been put into effect in most states in the U. S.

B．many of the developed countries forbid drivers using hand-held cell phones

C．over fifty localities or states ban drivers from using hand-held cell phones

D．more people in the U. S. are against the ban than for it

【小题3】The official mentioned in this passage ____. 

A．does not agree with this ban

B．doesn’t believe using hand-held cell phones while driving will cause any danger

C．doesn’t understand why hand-held cell phones alone should be banned among many others

D．believes changing pants while driving will cause greater danger

【小题4】The writer intends to tell us in the last paragraph that ______. 

A．it is not fair to have this ban passed

B．the ban will never be passed in the whole country

C．more activities of the same kind should also be banned

D．the ban will meet with more criticism

According to a recent survey, Canadian parents realize their role as protectors and providers to raise their children both emotionally and physically. That’s not very different from the way our parents saw themselves. But with more two-career families and busy schedules, one thing parents today recognize more than ever is the need to set aside special time for their children. These ‘nurturing moments’ are changed into memories that they will treasure all their lives. Nurturing moments might be the time between our work and life,bringing your child to work with you to see what you do during the day,visiting your child’s make-believe world,discussing his other school day and exploring the natural world outside your door.
These times are not merely a luxury (奢侈), they’re a necessity. It’s during these moments that parents pass values and attitudes to their children. Over time, children pick up good habits and positive self-image.
Here are a few tips for making the most of your family time together:
Regularly sit down as a family to share a meal. Allow each person to describe something interesting about his or her day.
Make one night a week family night. Family members take turns choosing a special activity for the evening everyone partakes in the fun.
Show your children you care about their interests by having them teach you about their activity or hobby.
Nurturing healthy children involves body, mind and spirit. The little things you do to your care are the building blocks for confidence, self-esteem and a healthy outlook. By giving your children these tools, you prepare them for life.
【小题1】Present-day parents are different from those in the past mainly because________.

A．they need more time to spend on their children

B．they pay more attention to their children’s health

C．they are much busier with their work

D．the role they play in bringing up children is different

【小题2】Which of the following is closest in meaning to ‘nurturing moment’?

A．The time between work and everyday activities.

B．The time when you are busy with your work.

C．The time when you play with children.

D．The time when you show your care for your child．

【小题3】．We can infer that “visiting your child’s make-believe world” ________.

A．is a luxury for parents

B．is a necessity for parents

C．is good to the imagination of the children

D．benefits the healthy growth of the children

【小题4】The purpose of the author in writing this article is________.

A．to persuade and advise	B．to argue and instruct
C．to amuse and interest	D．to explain and comment

I’m a teacher. But there are days, like today, when I wonder why. The results of an English quiz taken by my fifth-graders were depressing. Despite my best efforts, the world of pronouns remains a mystery to them. How I wish there were a way to make the study of our language as exciting as a computer game, so the glazed (目光呆滞) looks would not appear in their eyes at the mention of the word “grammar.” I remember my husband’s words: “Why don’t you quit? You’d probably make more money by doing something else, and you wouldn’t have papers to grade every night.”
Tonight I have a stack of papers to grade, which I promised my students I would return tomorrow. But a friend, whom I haven’t seen in a year, is visiting from Belgium, and I told her I would keep this evening free.
Sitting in traffic behind a distant stoplight, it’s hard not to replay the day. A voice reports the body of a local youngster, missing for weeks, has been identified.
This missing child has had a deep effect on my students. They wondered, “If it happened to her, could it happen to me?”
My children had found the answer themselves. They got out their pencils, markers and made cards. Cards were written with words of compassion and love for a mother and father they didn’t know. Cards were filled with red hearts, golden crosses, flowers and angels. Their cards, intended to comfort others, comforted the children themselves by leading them past the anxiety, back into the world of security (安全) that should be theirs.
And then I remember why I’m still teaching. It’s the children. They’re more important than a lifetime filled with quiet evenings and more valuable than a pocket filled with money. My classroom, a child-filled world of discovery, of kindness and of caring is the real world.
It’s time to call my friend. I have promises to keep. She’ll understand. After all, she’s a teacher.
【小题1】The writer wonders why she is a teacher because _____.

A．her students often play games in class

B．teaching is not a well-paid job

C．her students feel bored with grammar

D．she feels frustrated at teaching

【小题2】 The students’ attitude to the missing child’s parents might be that of _____.

A．doubt

B．unconcern

C．sympathy

D．tolerance

【小题3】What is the most important according to the writer?

A．A pocket filled with money.

B．The kind and caring children.

C．A lifetime filled with quiet evenings.

D．The freedom to control her own time.

【小题4】What promise will the writer keep?

A．To grade papers that night.	B．To help a student with homework.
C．To accept her husband’s advice.	D．To meet her old friend.

Competition between international universities is heating up, as China grows as one of the largest exporters of students aiming to study abroad. “Lots of universities are becoming more and more aggressive to attract Chinese students. Every day I receive contacts from universities in the US expressing the desire to come to China to recruit students,” said Frank Joseph, a commercial officer from embassy of the United States.
One key reason why more Chinese students are able to study abroad is the economy: With China’s boom within the past decade, more families have the financial wherewithal (资金) to send their children to international universities. There will be a total of 200,000 family-funded Chinese students studying overseas in 2011, up 20 percent from last year, said Wu Zaofeng, deputy secretary general of China Education Association for International Exchange.
International institutions, Joseph said, are also facing increasingly tough financial situation with a shortage of domestic students and a drop in government subsidies (补贴). Students, especially in the US are paying high tuition fees and living expenses. Chinese students with money to spend, according to experts, can fill up the gap. Students on average spend 150,000 yuan to 200,000 yuan every year studying in US, according to statistics from the US Institute of International Education. During 2009-2010, there were approximately 81,000 Chinese students studying in the US, up 19.8 percent from 2008.
Representatives from approximately 60 universities from the United States are planning to arrive in Beijing this weekend to attract more Chinese students at this year’s fair. Besides the US, many other countries are also vying (竞争) to enroll Chinese students.
Post-study work visa put out by British government allows all international students completing a UK degree qualification to apply for a visa to stay on and look for work in UK for up to 2 years. Being the third most popular destination for international students next to the US and the UK, France has set up two types of scholarships and has handed out an increase of 26 percent in scholarship funds to Chinese students in recent years.
【小题1】The reason for heating up competition between international universities is __________.

A．that China has become one of the largest exporters of the students aiming to study abroad

B．China’s boom, the students’ desire and foreign universities’ commercial motive

C．that the students in China are becoming richer and richer

D．that the students in foreign countries do not want to go to universities

【小题2】 Why are more Chinese students able to study abroad?

A．Because their families have enough money to send them to international universities.

B．Because they can’t go to the best universities at home.

C．Because they want to win the scholarship of foreign universities

D．Because the Chinese students enjoy following others and they want to be independent.

【小题3】Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A．In 2011 there will be 200,000 Chinese students studying in the US.

B．Chinese students are able to study abroad for their relatives overseas.

C．In 2011 there will be 200,000 state-funded Chinese students studying overseas.

D．There are fewer family-funded Chinese students studying abroad in 2010 than in 2011.

【小题4】 From the passage we can learn that __________.

A．the number of foreign students is becoming smaller and smaller

B．the international universities are short of money

C．there were approximately 81,000 foreign students studying in the US during 2009-2010

D．the Chinese students spend more money than the American students

   Have you ever complained why life is so tiring? Does the sky sometimes seem dark to you? Are your studies sometimes not successful? Well, friends, cheer up and smile all the time. If you see the world with your warm heart, you’ll find that the whole world smiles to you.
While in school, sometimes you are tired of your lessons, but have you ever noticed the happy smile on your teacher’s face when you did a good job?
One day it is fine. Just before you go out, it suddenly starts to rain. Maybe you would feel very sad and start to complain about the weather. But friends, why don’t you sit down and listen to the free concerts that the nature offers you? And with the timely(及时地) rain, crops in the fields will grow better and better and farmers will have a good harvest.
Although everyone wants to succeed in what he tries to do, sometimes failure can’t be avoided. I think failure is not terrible, and the terrible thing is that we are afraid of it and give up hope. When we face failure, we must be confident(信心) in ourselves, draw a useful lesson from it and try our best to finish what we have decided to do. As a popular saying goes, “Failure is the mother of success”.
Attitude(态度) decides everything. With an optimistic(乐观) attitude life is easy and pleasant. Let’s smile to whatever we meet and the whole world will smile to us.
【小题1】 People sometimes complain _________.

A．the sky is always dark	B．their studies are successful
C．they see the world with their heart	D．life is tiring

【小题2】When we face failure, we ___________.

A．must be confident in ourselves	B．shouldn’t be afraid of it
C．shouldn’t give up hope	D．All of the above

【小题3】The best title for the passage is_______.

A．Smile and the World Smiles to You	B．Complaining about Life
C．Failure is the Mother of Success	D．It is Very Hard to Succeed

The US government has started a website, Admongo, to help children think critically about the advertising aimed at them. It claims to provide visitors with an “aducation” through games and other entertainment.
  
A cartoon man dressed in old time pilot clothing greets visitors to Admongo. "Call me Haiz", he says upon arrival in a rocket ship that opens up with a crazy world inside it. Spacey dance music plays in the background as Haiz tells visitors that they need to learn about advertising.
Its inventors say eight to twelve years old is the age kids develop their critical thinking abilities. Kids that age are also a big market for advertisers.
The idea behind Admongo is to teach children three things: To identify the advertiser. To know what the advertiser is really saying. And to know what the advertisement is trying to get the child to do.
Children learn these things through a video game. They create their own game character. They can choose different skin colors, hair styles, eye and mouth shapes. Then they begin a trip through ad-land, where there are ads on buses and billboards. The players have to find all the marketing in the neighborhood before they can move on to the next level.
The Admongo game takes players inside a home, to the advertising studio and everywhere else ads can be found. It is a complete exploration of the world of marketing.
One such area is food marketing. The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) says it is a big business. The FTC estimates that food, drink and fast-food restaurants spent more than one and a half billion dollars on advertising to young people in 2009.
The FTC says children are important for three reasons. They buy products. They influence parents and caregivers to buy. And they are the future adult buyers of the products.
A recent study says most advertising aimed at children is for foods of the lowest nutritional value. First Lady Michelle Obama has said she would like to see advertisers marketing healthy foods for children.
【小题1】What is the best title of the text?

A．A website aimed at children’s food	B．The cartoon guide named “Haiz”
C．An “aducation” website for children	D．A popular online video game

【小题2】 Why did the government start the website?

A．To advertise the video game for children.

B．To help children know about advertising.

C．To attract the biggest market of buyers.

D．To sell the products of its company.

【小题3】 What can players do in the website game?

A．Play video games during the trip.	B．Travel to a supermarket.
C．Eat in a fast-food restaurant.	D．Choose appearance for their character.

【小题4】Children are important for advertising because they are ______.

A．important for the society	B．the most potential buyers
C．easily influenced by ads	D．easily affected by poor products

【小题5】 According to Michelle Obama, lots of foods advertised for children are ________.

A．of low quality

B．yummy

C．of high nutrition

D．healthy