— I've decided to go back to school for some training in programming.

—           . When would you like to start?

A. Good for you                           B. Up to you

C. You can have it                      D. I got you

What is it that you love to do but never feel that you get it quite right? Perhaps you don't even try any more because you think what you do is not  36   enough.

    Discouragement seems to follow us a good part of the time,   37   whatever it is that we work so hard doing, it seems that there is    38    someone else who can do it much better.

    I have always enjoyed music and it is    39    to me that every musician has a    40   of their own. My father__41    several instruments and when he played with others, it was not difficult to ___42   his sound in a group. Whether it was guitar or another instrument, he had his own  43  sound.

    I  44   read of a music teacher who commented to a discouraged student, “   45    else can make the sound that you make. The sound that you make may not be the same as someone else's but who is to say which is     46    . ” It is said that, “   47     is in the eye of the beholder（观看者）, ” perhaps it could be said that “a delightful sound is in the ear of the     48    . ”

    Every person has a different tone of voice that     49   only to them,     50     we all know people with an unforgettable laugh or a way of     51     that is unique to them. It might not be the sound of your music or your voice at all. It      52     be the way you whistle or the sound of your footsteps.

   Each person has a（an）   53  on the world in some way. Someone else can do what you do, but they cannot do it   54   the same way that you do it. The next time you feel   55  , remember “Nobody else can make the sound that you make. ”

1.A. easy B. hard     C. simple D. good

2.A. when         B. although       C. because        D. if

3.A. seldom      B. sometimes   C. never   D. always

4.A. satisfying   B. interesting    C. inspiring       D. convincing

5.A. gift    B. song     C. life        D. sound

6.A. created     B. designed      C. played           D. checked

7.A. pick out     B. call up C. turn down    D. give off

8.A. special       B. powerful      C. perfect         D. loud

9.A. even  B. yet        C. once     D. still

10.A. Nobody   B. Somebody    C. Anybody       D. Everybody

11.A. bigger     B. deeper         C. better D. lower

12.A. interest    B. beauty  C. patience       D. honesty

13.A. speaker B. receiver       C. looker D. listener

14.A. belongs    B. adds     C. adapts D. devotes

15.A. but           B. yet        C. for       D. and

16.A. speaking          B. walking         C. jumping        D. running

17.A. must        B. would C. might   D. could

18.A. effect      B. opinion         C. duty     D. choice

19.A. carefully  B. exactly  C. cautiously     D. seriously

20.A. annoyed          B. puzzled C. bothered       D. discouraged

Preface to the fourth edition

         A practical English Grammar is intended for intermediate(中级的) and post-intermediate students. We hope that more advanced learners and teachers will also find it useful.

         The book is a comprehensive survey of structures and forms, written in clear modern English and illustrated with numerous examples. Areas of particular difficulty have been given special attention. Differences between conversational usage and strict grammatical forms are shown but the emphasis is on conversational forms.

1. Explanation and examples have been brought up to date.

2. There is now more information on countable and uncountable nouns, attributive and predicative adjectives, adverbs of places, sentence adverbs, cleft sentences, prepositions, conjunctives, modal verbs, perfect tenses, infinitive constructions, the passive, purpose clauses and nouns.

In the fourth edition the main changes are as follows.

3. Some material has been rearranged to make comparisons easier. For example, parts of chapters on can, may, must etc. are now grouped by functions; verbs of liking and preference have a chapter to themselves; suggestions and invitations have joined the chapter on commands, requests and advice.

4. The contents list now summaries every edition heading, and there is a new index containing many more entries references.

         In this edition the sign “～” is frequently used to show a change of speaker in examples of dialogue. Note also that although the sign “＝”sometimes connects two words or expressions with the same meaning, it is often used more freely, e.g. to indicate a transformation from active to passive or direct to indirect speech.

         We wish to thank all at Oxford University Press who have assisted in the preparation of the fourth edition. We would also like to thank Professor Egawa of Nihon University, Japan, Professor Rene Dirven of Duisburg University, West Germany and other colleagues for their friendly and helpful suggestions.

         London, November 1985                                                                            A.J.T., A.VM

1.The grammar book mentioned in this passage is not suitable for __________.

A. a middle school teacher                                             B. a college student

C. a senior high student                                                   D. a primary school student

2.According to the passage, we know that this grammar book ___________.

A. compares modern English with old English

B. gives a large number of examples to reduce difficulty

C. attaches more importance to conversational forms

D. pays little attention to strict grammatical forms

3.Which of the following statements about the changes is TRUE?

A. This book keeps up with the latest usages of the American English language.

B. This edition offers more information about pronouns.

C. One particular chapter discusses verbs like “care, like, love, hate, prefer, wish”.

D. It’s not easy for us to find the information we need in this book.

4.When you see this line in the book, “Did you get a ticket? ～Yes, I managed to get one”, we can understand that _______.

A. the two parts before and after the sign “～”mean the same.

B. the topic is changed in the part after the sign “～”.

C. the second speaker repeats what the first speaker says.

D. the two parts before and after “～”are said by two different people.

Antidepressant（抗忧郁）drugs such as Prozac were viewed in the early 1900's as wonder pills that would remove depressive blues for good. But in the past five years, growing scientific evidence has shown these drugs work for only a minority of people. And now a research journal says that these antidepressants can make many patients' depression worse. This alarming suggestion centres on the very chemical that is targeted by antidepressants-serotonin（血清素）. Drugs such as Prozac are known as selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors（or SSRIs）. Their aim is to increase the level of this  “feel-good” chemical in the brain.

But the new research, published in the journal Frontiers In Evolutionary Psychology, points out that serotonin is like a chemical Swiss Army knife, performing a very wide range of jobs in the brain and body. And when we start changing serotonin levels purposely, it may cause a wide range of unwanted effects. These can include digestive problems and even early deaths in older people, according to the study's lead researcher Paul Andrews. “ We need to be much more cautious about use of these drugs,” says Andrews, an assistant professor of evolutionary psychology at McMaster University in Ontario, Canada.

Previous research has suggested that the drugs provide little benefit for most people with mild depression, and actively help only a few of the most severely depressed. Famous psychologist Irving Kirsch has found that for many patients, SSRIs are no more effective than a placebo pill. A research in 2010 on Danish children found a small, but significant, increase in the risk of heart problems among babies whose mothers had used SSRIs in early pregnancy. The key to understanding these side-effects is serotonin, says Andrews. Serotonin is also the reason why patients can often end up feeling still more depressed after they have finished a course of SSRI drugs. He argues that SSRI antidepressants disturb the brain, leaving the patient an even greater depression than before.

“After long use, when a patient stops taking SSRIs, the brain will lower its levels of serotonin production,” he says, adding that it also changes the way receptors in the brain respond to serotonin, making the brain less sensitive to the chemical. These changes are believed to be temporary, but studies indicate that the effects may continue for up to two years.

Most disturbingly of all, Andrews' review features three recent studies which, he says , show that elderly antidepressant users are more likely to die earlier than non-users, even after taking other important variables into account. One study, published in the British Medical Journal last year, found patients given SSRIs were more than 4 per cent more likely to die in the next year than those not on the drugs.

“Serotonin is an ancient chemical,” says Andrews. “It is regulating many different processes, and when you disturb these things, you can expect that it is going to cause some harm.”

Stafford Lightman, professor of medicine at the University of Bristol, and a leading UK expert in brain chemicals and hormones, says Andrews’ review highlights some important problems, yet it should also be taken with a pinch of salt. “This report is doing the opposite of what drug companies do,” he says. “Drug companies selectively present all the positives in their research, while this search selectively presents all the negatives that can be found. Nevertheless, Andrews' study is useful in that it is always worth pointing out that there is a downside to any medicine. ” Professor Lightman adds that there is still a great deal we don't know about SSRIs-not least what they actually do in our brains.

When it comes to understanding why the drugs work only for a limited part of patients, U.S.  scientists think they might now have the answer. They think that in many depressed patients, it’s not only the lack of feel-good serotonin causing their depression, but also a failure in the area of the brain that produces new cells throughout our lives. This area, the hippocampus, is also responsible for regulating mood and memory. Research suggests that in patients whose hippocampus has lost the ability to produce new cells, SSRIs do not bring any benefit.

1.According to paragraph 2, serotonin, like a chemical Swiss Army knife, can             .

A. make many patients' depression worse

B. cause a wide range of unwanted effects

C. affect human body and brain in various ways

D. provide little benefit for most depressed people

2.In Stafford Lightman's opinion,                     .

A. drug companies don't know the negative effect of antidepressants

B. Andrews focused on different things from the drug companies

C. scientists have found what SSRIs do in the brain

D. Andrews' research has no medical value

3.Which of the following is TRUE about SSRIs?

A. They are used to increase the “feel-good” medical in the brain.

B. They can work even when the hippocampus can't produce new cells.

C. They create a risk of heart problems in pregnant women.

D. They are responsible for controlling mood and memory.

4.What is the text mainly about?

A. The aim of drug companies

B. The function of SSRIs

C. The side-effects of antidepressants

D. The cause of depression

Detective Keeling took his client — a good-looking lady into the back yard of the store together. The lady opened a door in the wall and they entered the small room behind the store. They crossed the room to a locked door.

M r. Keeling took some special keys from his pocket. Moments later, one of the keys unlocked the door. The lady went into the store. She said she would hide under the table to keep watch on her husband. Mr. Keeling did not follow her.

The detective went quickly to the policeman’s house. Then the two men hurried to the jewellery store. They looked through the window. The policeman was surprised. He spoke to Mr. Keeling. “I don’t understand. You told me, ‘Robbins took a young woman to a restaurant.’ Where is she?”

         “There she is !” said Mr. Keeling. He pointed through the window.

         “Do you know the lady with Robbins?” asked the policeman.

         “That’s his secret friend,” said Mr. Keeling.

         “No! You’re wrong! That’s Robbins’ wife,” said the policeman. “I’ve known her for fifteen years.”

         “What ?” the detective shouted. His face became pale. “Who is under the table in the store?”

         He started to kick the door of the jewellery store.

         Mr. Robbins came to the door and opened it. The policeman and the detective ran into the store.

         “Look under that table!” shouted the detective. “Be quick!”

         The policeman lifted the cloth and put his arm under the table. He pulled out a black dress, a black veil and a woman’s wig(假发).

         “Is this young lady your wife?” Mr. Keeling asked the jeweler. He pointed at the woman.

         “Yes! She is my wife !” said Mr. Robbins angrily. “Why did you kick my door? Why are those clothes under my table?”

         “Please check all the jewellery in your store, Mr. Robbins,” the policeman said. “Is anything missing?”

         Some diamond rings and some expensive necklaces were missing. The missing jewellery was worth ＄800.

         Later that night, Mr. Keeling was sitting in his office. He was looking through a big book of photographs. They were photographs of criminals. The policeman had brought the book to the detective’s office. Suddenly, Mr. Keeling stopped turning the pages. He looked at a picture of a handsome young man with a familiar face.

         The next morning, Mr. Keeling paid the jeweler ＄800, and then closed his office.

1.At the beginning, the lady was able to go into the jewellery store because ___________.

A. she went to the back yard and found the way

B. she was the owner of the store and had the key

C. two men helped her together to enter the store

D. Mr. Keeling unlocked the back door to the store

2.The young lady who stayed with Mr. Robbins in the jewellery store was actually _________.

A. Mr. Robbins’ sister                                                        B. Mr. Robbins’ secret friend

C. Mr. Robbins’ wife                                                 D. a clever thief

3.It can be inferred from the passage that Mr. Keeling cooperated with his client _____________.

A. so that he could get some jewellery from the store

B. because he thought he was helping the lady

C. because he wanted to play a joke on Mr. Robbins

D. so that he could get a job as a policeman

4.The missing jewellery worth＄800 was in fact taken away by _____________.

A. a young woman              B. a young man          C. a detective                      D. a policeman

请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中填入最恰当的单词。注意：每空一词。

Prepackaged, mass-produced snack foods are hugely popular in grocery stores around the world. Many people are accustomed to choosing snack foods in grocery stores.

The first problem with packaged snack foods like cookies, crackers, and other bite-sized options is that they are often loaded with unhealthy materials. The reason for this is fairly easy to understand. Mass-produced foods need to be uniform in color, taste and so on. In order to achieve this uniformity, snack food producers use sugar, salt, and other chemical preservatives (防腐剂) and coloring materials in large amounts. These materials contribute to a rather unhealthy food.

In addition to requiring uniformity of taste and appearance, mass-produced snack foods like potato chips and candies need to be shelf stable. Preservatives and complex packaging make products shelf stable, but this stability and non-perish ability (抗腐性) often come at the expense of nutrition.

One reason that pre-made snacks are so popular in grocery stores is their prices. Food producers can keep costs down by using established production facilities and processes to quickly produce a huge amount of food. Shoppers are drawn to what they see at low prices.

People who are interested in improving the quality of their snacking can use magazines, books, and the Internet to discover a lot of healthy snacking tips and ideas. Even television shows about health and food sometimes talk about healthy snacking alternatives. Some healthy snacks, like fresh fruit, require no preparation at all.

Once people are aware of the drawbacks of clearly cheap and easy snack foods, they can start turning to better options. Soon, perhaps, the old and unhealthy snack options will no longer be profitable for food producers.

央视时空调查栏目针对目前我国现行的高考填报志愿的三种形式作了一个网上调查，调查的结果如下，你作为一名即将参加高考的考生，请简要的描述调查的结果，并谈一谈你对此事的看法并说明你的理由。

注意： 1. 150词左右，文章的开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。

2. 可以适当添加细节以使行文连贯。

3. 参考词汇：填报志愿 choose one’s major or university   

According to a survey carried out by Horizon Research, _______________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________

______________

The best part of _____vacation isn’t going somewhere else; it’s being where you are, fully involved in _____experience.

A. /; an      B. a; the    C. the; an  D. the; /

Some fruits are so easily harvested in this area that they are never of great _____

A. fare       B. benefit C. help      D. worth