Sunny countries are often poor. A shame, then, that solar power is still quite expensive. Eight19, a British company by Cambridge University, has, however, invented a novel way to get round this. In return for a deposit of around $10 it is supplying poor Kenyan families with a solar cell able to generate 2.5 watts of electricity, a battery that can deliver a three amp（安培） current to store this electricity, and a lamp whose bulb is a light-emitting diode（二极管）. The firm thinks that this system, once the battery is fully charged, is enough to light two small rooms and to power a mobile-phone charger for seven hours. Then, next day, it can be put outside and charged back up again.

The trick is that, to be able to use the electricity, the system's keeper must buy a scratch card—for as little as a dollar—on which is printed a reference number. The keeper sends this reference, plus the serial number of the household solar unit, by SMS to Eight19. The company's server will respond automatically with an access code to the unit. 

Users may consider that they are paying an hourly rate for their electricity. In fact, they are paying off the cost of the unit. After buying around $80 worth of scratch cards—which Eight19 expects would take the average family around 18 months—the user will own it. He will then have the option of continuing to use it for nothing, or of trading it in for a bigger one, perhaps driven by a 10-watt solar cell. 

In that case, he would go then through the same process again, paying off the additional cost of the upgraded kit at a slightly higher rate. Users would therefore increase their electricity supply steadily and affordably.

According to Eight19's figures, this looks like a good deal for customers. The firm believes the average energy-starved Kenyan spends around $10 a month on oil—enough to fuel a couple of smoky lamps—plus $2 on charging his mobile phone in the market-place. Regular users of one of Eight19's basic solar units will spend around half that, before owning it completely. Meanwhile, as the cost of solar technology falls, it should get even cheaper.

1.The underlined word “get round” in the first paragraph can be replaced by _______ .

A．make use of       B．come up with       C．look into          D．deal with

2.What should the user do when the electricity in the battery is used up?

A．Buy a scratch card.                      B．Recharge it outside.

C．Buy another solar cell.                    D．Return it to the company.

3.How much would users pay for the cell and scratch cards before they own a 2.5-watt solar cell?

A．Around $10.       B．Around $80.       C．Around $90.       D．Around $180.

4.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that  ____________.

A．Kenyan families would find it difficult to afford the solar cell

B．using the solar cell would help Kenyan families save money

C．few Kenyan families use mobile phones for lack of electricity

D．the company will make a great profit from selling solar cells

5.What might be the most suitable title for the passage?

A．Solar Energy: Starting from Scratch.

B．Eight19: a creative British Company.

C．Kenyan Families: Using Solar Energy for Free.

D．Poor Countries: Beginning to Use Solar Energy.

阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息，请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。

在中学生夏令营中，以下同学以其观点组织各自的讨论和交流组。

A． Cao A'min, 18

Xuanhua No 1 High School, Hebei

Keeping pace with teachers is a good way to study．Teachers are experienced and their plans are systematic．But remember to work m a way that suits you．It's also important to team from past mistakes．Keep a notebook to make a record of the mistakes you make - it'll help you avoid making the same ones later．

B．Zhang Zilu, 17

Xinyu No 1 High School, Jiangxi

This time of life may be hard, but you're not alone．You may be busy studying, but you can show your care by calling yow friends or sending a short message．Don't let your friendships die．Some boys and girls in my class were in love, but I'd advise against a relationship at this stage．

C. Zhan Yu, 17

Huanggang High School, Hubei

It’s as important to live well as it is to study well, I think. I went to bed no later than 11:30 pm. It put me in the right mood for the next day. I didn’t follow a special diet (饮食), but I did make sure I ate a nutritious  breakfast each day.

D. Ju Shuntian, 18

Yantai Economic and Technological Development Zone Senior High School, Shandong

The person who plays well, studies well. Having a lot of schoolwork doesn’t mean having to give up on every other activity. I played basketball or took a walk to relax when I felt tired. Time out is not a waste of time but helps you study more efficiently.

E. Zhang Qingzhou, 17

　　Dongtai High School, Jiangsu

Besides taking the big exam, you have other choices for college. I took the independent enrollment (自主招生) exam held by Peking University and some other students even prepared to study abroad. Pay attention to any relevant information you can find, whether it’s from school, the news media or another source.

F. Wu Dandan, 18

Liaocheng No. 1 High School, Shandong

Besides learning from the textbooks, students can also learn a lot from traveling from place to place. In different places you will see different things, meet different people and have different experiences. If you are curious enough, you can explore deeper into the area and obtain more useful information, which serves as your new knowledge.

下面同学各自感兴趣的内容或需要解决的问题，请配对他们最适合参加的讨论组。

1.Zhang Xu is an active and energetic boy who enjoys many sports like swimming, football, badminton, cycling and jogging. He has a lot of friends at school and they often spend a lot of time on rivers, fields and mountains. Is it good to spend so little time in the library? How to allocate time between academic lectures and outing? That's his problem.

2.Xiao Lili has much difficulty m catching up with her classmates m chemistry and physics. But her superiority lies in music and English, so she is dreaming of becoming a professional singer. She hopes that her strong points can help pave her way to future success. "Can I go to a musical college without taking NMET?" she wonders.

3.Guo Jie is a hardworking boy but, unfortunately, he gets low marks in every test. He is always busy with his own study plan. When he didn’t finish his work the earlier day, he will bury his mind in his work to fulfill his plan, ignoring the teacher’s lectures. “How can I raise my marks?” he is puzzled.

4.Song Siwei is a slim and pretty girl, who works hard at all her lessons. But she was so absorbed in her studeies that she is even unwilling to tear herself off at meal times. She is always the last to leave the classroom and the first to arrive. She starts to feel dizzy and have headaches. “What might happen to me?” she wonders.

5.Zhang Lan is a charming girl who is active both in the classroom and on the sports field. She is kind to all her classmates. Some boys in her class tend to talk to her at every possible opportunity and even invite her to meals. That makes her pleased but costs her quite some time. She doesn’t know whether it is right to accept kindness from the boys.

你是校报小记者，最近学校进行了一次问卷调查。以下是这次调查的情况:

时间: 上个月    

对象: 本校的学生     

主题: 请家教情况

结果: （1）请家教率: 大约25％；  （2）家教时间: 大多在周末或假期；

（3）学生的不同看法： A：家教能提高学习成绩； B：家教占用休息和娱乐时间。

参考词汇：家教private tutoring；家庭教师：private tutor

【写作内容】

根据以上情况给校报写一篇报道，并包括如下内容:

1. 调查的时间、对象和主题；2. 调查的结果；3. 你对请家教的看法。

【写作要求】只能使用5个句子表达全部内容

【评分标准】句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。

阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

Nowadays, " the sense of happiness" has been repeatedly mentioned in various medias.  CCTV did a nation-wide survey by asking random passers-by： " Are you happy now? What exactly is happiness in your eyes?" The survey aroused a heated discussion across the country and people from all walks of life expressed their opinions.

" I would say I'm pretty happy at present because my dear daughter has graduated from college and found herself a decent job. " said a woman in her fifties with a big smile on her face.

Though it seemed that most people said they were happy, different voices were still heard and should not be ignored. A migrant worker’s(农民工) reply was  "My family name is Zeng", showing his  determination to refuse the interview as well as his annoyance to mention happiness.

The brand-new Chinese Nobel Prize winner Mo Yan answered " I don't know " in an interview when he was asked the same question.

【写作内容】

1.以约30个词概括上文的主要内容。

2.以约120个词就“幸福”的话题谈谈你的想法，内容包括：

（1）目前你是否感到幸福及其原因；

（2）请描述到现在为止让你觉得最幸福的一件事情；

（3）谈谈你对幸福的理解。

【写作要求】

1.作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事．也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。

2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

【评分标准】 概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。

One day in Israel government officials were rebuilding a barn(谷仓). While working, they found a (n)  1   hole in a corner, so they used smoke to force the mice inside the hole to    2  . A while later they indeed saw mice running out, one after another.

Then, everyone thought that all the mice had  3  . But just as they were just about to start to clean up, they saw two mice squeezing out at the _4 of the hole. After some endeavor, the mice finally got out. But _5  , they did not run away immediately. Instead, one chased after the other near the exit of the hole. It seemed that one was trying to bite the _6 of the other. Everyone was puzzled, so they stepped_7_to take a look. They realized that one of the mice was 8 and could not see anything, and the other one was trying to allow the blind mouse to  9 _on his tail so he could pull the blind one with him to escape.

After witnessing what happened, everyone was  10 and lost in thought. During meal time, the group of people sat down and started to chat about what had happened to the two mice. One serious Rome official said, “I think the relationship between those two mice was that of emperor and   11 .” The others thought for a while and said, “That was why !”A smart Israeli said, “I think their relationship was husband and wife.” The others felt it made sense, so they   12  . A Korean, who was accustomed to the firm tradition of loyalty to _13_ , said, “I think the relationship between them was that of mother and son.” Once again the others felt this was more reasonable,     

At that moment, one Samaritan who sat behind them resting his chin in his palms,  14  looked at other people, and asked, “Why did those two mice have to have a certain relationship?” Suddenly, the atmosphere froze. The group   15  at the Samaritan and remained silent. In fact, the true love is not established on benefit, friendship and loyalty or blood relationship. Instead, it is based on no relationship.

1.                A．cat            B．mouse          C．dog  D．ant

2.                A．come in        B．come down      C．come out D．come over

3.                A．died           B．saved          C．stayed    D．escaped

4.                A．exit            B．wall            C．floor D．door

5.                A．strangely       B．happily         C．luckily    D．sadly

6.                A．tail            B．head           C．foot D．hand

7.                A．longer         B．higher          C．closer    D．farther

8.                A．clear           B．blind           C．deaf D．mute

9.                A．eat            B．bite            C．suck D．drink

10.               A．joyless         B．hopeless        C．careless   D．speechless

11.               A．doctor         B．servant         C．empress   D．minister

12.               A．stopped        B．argued         C．agreed    D．talked

13.               A．couples        B．parents         C．teachers   D．elders

14.               A．puzzledly       B．repeatedly      C．pleasedly  D．expectedly

15.               A．looked in       B．looked up       C．looked back    D．looked down

One evening I was resting in a cafe. I wore a pair of newly bought white leather shoes, 1. were rather expensive. Then a boy came to me.

He was in  2.  old and not fit shirt, looking pale and about eleven. No sooner had I begun to speak than he opened the box in his hand and took out the tools of shoe –polishing. He was busy doing his work 3. heavy rain began to pour down. People rushed to the cafe for   4.（protect）from the rain. More and more people crowded in and gradually separated the boy 5. me.

Hours passed, and it turned dark. I had no shoes on my feet and wondered where the boy had been. I thought I would have to go home on my bare feet. When it was near midnight, the cafe was to be closed. I had to move to the door, just as l went to the gate, I __6. （surprise） found that a boy of about eleven, __7._,（look）very familiar, was sleeping at the door with his head leaning __8. a box. I shook him slightly and woke him  9.. He opened the package hurriedly, gave me my leather shoes, and apologized to me shyly. I paid him and wrapped him with his _10.  （fit）shirt. On my way home, the image of the boy stayed in my mind

Some Chinese new - rich like eating shark fin soup because they think it shows their class. However, for the Chinese NBA idol Yao Ming, doing so is unacceptable as the practice has led to the overfishing of sharks.

When Yao and his wife Ye Li got married in 2007, they publicly announced that they would not allow shark fin soup to be served at their wedding banquet.

Actually, Yao had been saying no to shark fins since 2006, when he was appointed as the Goodwill Ambassador for wild life protection.

Now, the 226 - cm big guy is resorting to his personal influence to encourage more to say no to eating the soup and to raise awareness of protecting animals. “Sharks are friends of human beings. They are not our food,” Yao said.

Other celebrity athletes like Olympic champions. Li Ning and Kong Linghui are following on the heels of Yao, throwing themselves into serving the public as Goodwill Ambassadors for wild animal rescue. Recent reports about Yao’s retirement have saddened tens of thousands of basketball fans both at home and abroad. Yet Yao's influence goes far beyond the basketball courts.

Yao has engaged himself in charity and public welfare services for quite a while. When the devastating 8.0 －magnitude earthquake hit Wenchuan in southwest China in 2008 , Yao donated 2 million yuan. “When I was a little boy, my parents and teachers told me to help others and to be a good man,” Yao recalled. “But I could nor donate then because I had not much pocket money. After I moved to Houston, I got involved in quite a number of community service activities and I felt a strong sense of achievement when I got people together,”Yao said.

Like Yao, newly crowned French Open champion Li Na has showed her willingness to donate. Li gave 480,000 yuan of her prize money from the open, plus 20,000 yuan from her own pocket, to a local nursing home in her hometown. Another Chinese sports icon, hurdler Liu Xiang, has also been actively involved in charity for years.

1.The reason why some Chinese new-rich like eating shark fin soup is that they think            ．

A．it is very delicious                       B．it is very cheap and healthy

C．it is very popular in society                D．it can show their status

2.Yao Ming is against eating shark fin soup because              ．

A．too many sharks are killed                 B．he dislikes eating sharp fin

C．it is too expensive                       D．sharks are dangerous animals

3.Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?

A．Li Na donated 500,000 yuan to a local nursing home in her hometown．

B．Yao Ming donated 2 million yuan after the earthquake of Wenchuan．

C．Yao Ming has encouraged more people to stop eating shark fin soup and protect animals．

D．Yao Ming was appointed as the Goodwill Ambassador for protecting wild life in 2007．

4.What words can be used to describe Yao Ming according to the passage?

A．Rich and generous．                    B．Influential and warmhearted．

C．Energetic and optimistic．                D．Popular and confident．

5.From the passage , we can learn that               。

A．most athletes don't like eating shark fin soup

B．Yao Ming has been donating money to charity since he was a child

C．Yao Ming has an influence on not only the basketball courts but also charity and public welfare services

D．Yao Ming has taken part in many community service activities when he was in China

Not long ago the movie 2012 came into screen. The people were threatened by those scenes of destroying flood, severe earthquake, terrifying hurricane and constructions representing human civilization being destroyed and even swallowed by disaster. Luckily, they are just the director’s imagination, but the present situation is not heading a positive direction, either.

Take my own experience in Alaska as an example. Once I took a trip to the glacier. Along the way there stood signposts marking the snow lines of different years. They started from the foot of the mountain, but it was at the top when I finally saw melting glaciers(融化的冰川). My heart ached seeing the beautiful blue ice melting at every second.

Sad but true, they are the effects of global warming and the result of our human impact. Furthermore, each year the rising sea level will kill 56 million people, and that's about the population of the en tire Italy. According to studies, if the temperature keeps on rising like this, by the year 2050, some islands and coastal cities including New York, Shanghai, Tokyo and Sydney will be drowned in water.

Our fortune is in our own hands. It depends on us to shape our future, to reduce future human impact and find ways to form a peaceful relationship with our environment. Therefore, it's time for actions to be taken right now. Contribute a little to energy saving by using more efficient light bulbs and less hot water. Let recycle become our habit by thinking twice before throwing something away. Let us take public transportation as our first choice when going to a certain place. It might cost more time for now, but it' s to the benefit of a permanent future. Take care of every tree and grass around us by watering them or simply just avoid destroying them．

In a word, small drops of water make a big ocean. The earth does not belong to us. On the contrary, we belong to the earth. Please bear in mind that the earth is our home. It is our responsibility to build a brighter and better future of our planet and prevent what happened in the movie 2012 from becoming reality．                

1.Why does the author talk about the movie 2012 in the passage ?     

A．To give example．                      B．To lead into the topic．

C．To make prediction．                    D．To provide the evidence．

2.How did the author feel when he took a trip to the glacier?

A．Worried．        B．Puzzled．         C．Scared．          D．Bored．

3.It can be inferred from the third paragraph that          .

A．56 million people in Italy have been killed owing to the rising sea level

B．Some islands and coastal cities will be drowned in water by the year of 2050

C．Human being will be in danger if we don't take actions to prevent the global warming

D．It is certain that what happened in the movie 2012 will come into reality

4.According to the passage, you are advised to             .

A．drive our own private cars instead of taking buses to some place

B．recycle everything that is used

C．go to see the movie 2012 at once

D．work together to take good care of our planet

5.What does the author mean by saying "small drops of water make a big ocean"?

A．Think twice before taking action,

B．It's our duty to protect the ocean．

C．Everyone together can make a difference．

D．It's important to save every drop of water．

When you get in your car, you reach for it. When you're at work, you take a break to have a moment alone with it. When you get into a lift, you play with it.

Cigarette? Cup of coffee? No, it's the third most addictive thing in modem life, the cell phone. And experts say it is becoming more difficult for many people to curb their longing to hug it more tightly than most of their personal relationships.

The costs are becoming more and more evident, and I don't mean just the monthly bill. Dr.Chris Knippers, a counselor at the Betty ford Center in Southern California, reports that the overuse of cell phones has become a social problem not much different from other harmful addictions: a barrier to one-on -one personal contact, and an escape from reality. Sounds extreme, but we' ve all witnessed the evidence: The person at a restaurant who talks on the phone through an entire meal, ignoring his kids around the table; the woman who talks on the phone in the car, ignoring her husband; the teen who texts messages all the way home from school, avoiding contact with kids all around him. Jim Williams, an industrial sociologist based in Massachusetts, notes that cell - phone addiction is part of a set of symptoms in a widening gulf of personal separation. He points to a study by Duke University researchers that found one-quarter of Americans say they have no one to discuss their most important personal business with. Despite the growing use of phones, e - mail and instant messaging, in other words, Williams says studies show that we don't have as many friends as our parents. “Just as more information has led to less wisdom, more acquaintances via the Internet and cell phones have produced fewer friends,” he says.

If the cell phone has truly had these effects, it's because it has become very widespread. Consider that in 1987, there were only l million cell phones in use. Today, something like 300 million Americans carry them. They far outnumber wired phones in the United States.

1.From the first two paragraphs, we can know                   ．

A．cell phones have become as addictive as cigarettes

B．cell phone addiction is good for building personal relationships

C．people are longing to have their own cell phones

D．cell phones are the same as cigarettes

2.Cell phone addiction has caused the following effects EXCEPT            .

A．a barrier to personal contact               B．fewer friends

C．an escape from reality                    D．a serious illness

3.The underlined word "curb" in Paragraph 2 means “           ．”

A．ignore            B．control           C．develop           D．rescue

4.The example of a woman talking on the phone in the car supports the idea that        .

A．women Use cell phones more often than men

B．talking on the phone while driving is dangerous

C．cell phones do not necessarily bring people together

D．cell phones make one - on - one personal contact easy

5.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A．Cell phones Are the New Cigarettes

B．Cell phones Are Harmful to the Society

C．The New Report about the Cell phone

D．The Disadvantages of the Cell phone

Death Valley is a land of beautiful yet dangerous extremes. Death Valley can be dangerously cold      during the winter months. Storms in the mountains can produce sudden flooding on the floor of the Valley.

The air temperature during the summer has been as high as fifty- seven degrees Celsius. The sun can heat the ground so that the temperature of the rocks and soil can be as high as seventy -four degrees Celsius.                                                                     

Death Valley contains evidence of several ancient volcanoes that caused huge explosions. Evidence of one of these explosions is called Ubehebe Crater. The explosion left a huge hole in the ground almost a kilometer and a half wide. In many areas of Death Valley it is easy to see where the ground has been pushed up violently by movement deep in the Earth. This movement has created unusual and beautiful rock formations. Some are red. Others are dark brown, gray, yellow or black.

The area was named by a woman in 1849. Thousands of people from other parts of the ountry traveled Lo the gold mining areas in California. They were in a hurry to get there before other people did. One group trying to reach California decided to take a path called the Old Spanish Trail. By December they had reached Death Valley. They did not have to survive the terrible heat of summer, hut there was still an extreme lack of water. There were few plants for their work animals to eat.

The people could not find a pass through the call mountains to the west of the Valley. Slowly, they began co suffer from a lack of food. To survive, they killed their work animals for food and began to walk out of the Valley. As they left, one woman looked back and said, “Good -bye, death valley.”  The name has never been changed.

Almost everyone who visits Death Valley visits a huge house called Scotty' s Castle. The building design is Spanish, with high thick walls to provide protection from the fierce heat.

The castle is named for Walter Scott , called Scotty by his friends. He was a gold miner. He told everyone that he built the house with money he made from his gold mine. Many people believed him. But it was not really the truth.

1.The first two paragraphs discuss Death Valley' s               ．

A．geography         B．climate           C．location           D．size

2.The volcanoes mentioned in the third paragraph proved          ．

A．a valley that is formed by explosions

B．a place where volcanoes are still active

C．a good example of the violence of nature

D．a symbol of rock formations in history

3.The woman who named Death Valley intended to             ．

A．explore the mystery of the valley

B．find an area with plants for animals

C．experience the terrible heat of summer

D．look for gold in California

4.If the passage continues, it will be about             . 

A．the truth about Scotty's Castle

B．why Spanish built the castle

C．when the castle was built

D．where the castle lies in

5.The main idea of the passage is about          ．

A．the interesting place in Death Valley

B．the facts about Death Valley

C．the origin of Death Valley

D．the route to visit Death Valley